alluvialadj.n.

Brit.

/əˈl(j)uːvɪəl/, U.S.

/əˈluviəl/

Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: alluvium n., -al suffix¹; Latin alluvium , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < alluvium n. or its etymon post-classical Latin alluvium + -al suffix¹. Compare French alluvial, adjective (1801 or earlier).

A. adj.

1. Of soil, silt, or other material: carried by and deposited from flowing water (cf. alluvium n. 1); of, relating to, or formed from alluvium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > sediment or alluvium > [adjective]

silty1694

alluvious1731

alluvial1771

alluvian1794

warped1799

alluviated1810

sedimentous1869

silted1890

1771 J. Keir in tr. P. J. Macquer Dict. Chem. II. 475/1 Which fissures are frequently filled with alluvial matters, or with water, or are empty.

1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 20 Aug. in Tour N. Wales (1797) 225 The most extensive beds are between..these last and the alluvial hills, as around Wolverhampton.

1809 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 6 ii. 319 All the country which extends from Baltimore bay, to the right bank of Potomac river,..is wholly alluvial.

1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains II. ii. ii. 252 The soil, an alluvial deposit, was rich and tenacious.

1877 W. W. Fowler Woman on Amer. Frontier vii. 159 A dense forest..terminated on the north by an alluvial meadow nearly bare of trees.

1906 Geogr. Jrnl. 27 162 On either side of the river Hope there are alluvial terraces, eroded partly out of solid rock and partly out of raised beach deposits.

1954 J. F. Kirkaldy Gen. Princ. Geol. v. 54 The river..is laying down alluvial deposits which may in the future..add yet another tread to this flight or staircase of terraces.

1970 D. Brown Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee xv. 353 Their eyes were greedy for the rich alluvial fields on which grew the finest Indian corn on the Plains.

2006 Decanter June (Argentina 2006 Suppl.) 38/2 (advt.) With little rainfall in the area the well-drained alluvial soils have to be channel-irrigated with melt-water run-off from the Andes.

a. Of mining, a miner, etc.: concerned with exploiting deposits of alluvium.

ΚΠ

1859 Colonial Mining Jrnl. May 143/1 Reefing bids fair to be the main feature, but alluvial workings are also likely to turn out satisfactorily.

1946 K. S. Prichard Roaring Nineties 326 Alf knew the mine-owners were slugging the prospectors and alluvial diggers.

1965 G. J. Williams Econ. Geol. N.Z. xiii. 190/2 This hard ferro-manganese material forms the pebbles known to the early alluvial miners as ‘black Maori’.

2000 Vanity Fair Aug. 170/1 Almost anyone..can set up a small-scale alluvial-mining operation.

b. Of a metal, mineral, etc.: obtained from deposits of alluvium.

ΚΠ

1869 R. B. Smyth Gold Fields Victoria 611 Flour-gold, the finest alluvial drift-gold.

1923 Bulletin (Sydney) 4 Jan. 24/4 Scarcity of water depopulated the field more than once during the days of the first alluvial finds.

1988 Mining Ann. Rev. (Nexis) June 131 Alluvial platinum and osmiridium are also being sought in the Wilson River area of Tasmania.

2007 Stamp & Coin Mart Jan. 97/2 An elegant silver proof dollar in an edition of 3,000 depicts the hand-panning of alluvial gold from a river.

B. n.

An alluvial deposit; alluvium; esp. an alluvial deposit bearing metals or minerals. Frequently in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > sediment or alluvium > [noun]

siltc1440

warpingc1440

slitch?a1475

sleech1587

alluvium1665

sediment1685

sullage1691

warp1698

wash1707

washing1707

alluvion1731

silting1739

warp land1794

alluvial1818

siltage1876

flood-loam1880

putty1883

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > auriferous gravel

alluvial1818

placer1829

gravel1849

washing-stuff1853

pay gravel1857

wash-gravel1860

wash-dirt1862

1818 Philos. Mag. 51 328 To..give time for the lighter alluvials to deposit and settle down.

1866 Harper's Mag. Sept. 544/1 Nearly two thousand acres of the rich alluvial at the junction of the Ohio and Great Miami rivers.

1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms III. xviii. 270 The whole of the alluvial will be taken up, and the Terrible Hollow..will re-echo with the sound of pick and shovel.

1915 Jrnl. Ecol. 3 52 The soil of the reg..is fine alluvial and is relatively or actually deep.

1944 J. A. Lee Shining with Shiner (1963) 60 Men were out shovelling at and turning over the alluvials.

1963 A. Moorehead Cooper's Creek i. 5 Nearly all the surface alluvial was exhausted and now gold had to be mined by machinery and in deep shafts.

1977 R. Edwards Austral. Yarn 14 They'd go out and prospect the alluvial... They would walk out into the new country and pick up handfuls of soil.

2004 RWE Austral. Business News (Nexis) 24 Mar. The Mount Britton goldfield was first established on high-grade alluvials in Oaky Creek and Nuggety Gully in 1881.

Compounds

alluvial cone n. a conical deposit of alluvium, esp. a steeply sloping alluvial fan; cf. cone n.¹ 1d.

ΚΠ

1864 J. Hunt tr. C. Vogt Lect. on Man xii. 363 The notice of Pruner-Bey does not even afford a certain indication whether the said skull, from the alluvial cone of the Tinière, near Villeneuve, is really a short head, as the transverse diameter is not mentioned.

1924 I. Bowman Desert Trails Atacama xvi. 326 In many cases the terraces are either ravined or covered with coarse deposits of alluvial cones or fans.

2004 D. P. Crouch Geol. & Settlement v. 187 Streams deliver this material to the valley floor, forming alluvial cones where the streams enter the valley.

alluvial fan n. a deposit of alluvium, having the approximate shape of a segment of a circle, laid down by a river at a point where the gradient decreases, as at the base of a range of hills: cf. fan n.¹ 5e.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > deposited by water, ice, or wind > [noun] > by water

roddon1857

platform-mud1863

cone1864

fan1864

levee1870

alluvial fan1873

apron1889

sand-wash1901

scroll1902

spillbank1909

sheet-flow1928

point bar1945

1862 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 24 379 Ancient alluvial fan-shaped masses of gravel quite analogous to those that by the agency of existing torrents have issued from the gorges.]

1873 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 29 446 At the mouth of each of these [gorges] are alluvial fans, which project out into the flat of the river-alluvium.

1911 National Geographic Mag. Dec. 1095/1 One immense flattened alluvial fan, spread from the debouchure of the Min over all the lower tract between the Szechuan Alps on the west and the buttes..to the east.

1962 M. E. Murie Two in Far North iv. vii. 416 One of these..alluvial fans..was so wide it took us forty-five minutes to walk across it.

2006 SageWoman Spring 13/1 Complex geologic formations such as deep canyons, high-standing cliffs, steep bajadas, and alluvial fans.

alluvial plain n. a low-lying plain consisting of alluvium deposited from rivers.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > level land > [noun] > level place or plain > types of

sand-flat1773

alluvial plain1803

sand-plain1818

sandveld1824

tundra1841

bench-land1845

salt flat1873

panfan1915

panplain1933

pediplain1935

soda plain1946

1803 Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 9 Science 454 In alluvial plains they [sc. rivers] are perpetually changing their channels, cutting out new ones, and filling up the old.

1863 C. Lyell Geol. Evid. Antiq. Man iii. 54 The Celtic name of Inch being attached to many hillocks, which rise above the general level of the alluvial plains.

1939 E. D. Laborde tr. E. de Martonne Shorter Physical Geogr. (rev. ed.) xi. 159 The lower course of every important river is generally marked by vast alluvial plains which extend right down to the base level.

2005 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) 3 May 13 These valleys empty onto the alluvial plain, directly into Tokyo Bay, or into the Tamagawa or Tonegawa river systems.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alluvial
释义	alluvialadj.n. Brit. /əˈl(j)uːvɪəl/, U.S. /əˈluviəl/ Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: alluvium n., -al suffix¹; Latin alluvium , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < alluvium n. or its etymon post-classical Latin alluvium + -al suffix¹. Compare French alluvial, adjective (1801 or earlier). A. adj. 1. Of soil, silt, or other material: carried by and deposited from flowing water (cf. alluvium n. 1); of, relating to, or formed from alluvium. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > sediment or alluvium > [adjective] silty1694 alluvious1731 alluvial1771 alluvian1794 warped1799 alluviated1810 sedimentous1869 silted1890 1771 J. Keir in tr. P. J. Macquer Dict. Chem. II. 475/1 Which fissures are frequently filled with alluvial matters, or with water, or are empty. 1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 20 Aug. in Tour N. Wales (1797) 225 The most extensive beds are between..these last and the alluvial hills, as around Wolverhampton. 1809 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 6 ii. 319 All the country which extends from Baltimore bay, to the right bank of Potomac river,..is wholly alluvial. 1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains II. ii. ii. 252 The soil, an alluvial deposit, was rich and tenacious. 1877 W. W. Fowler Woman on Amer. Frontier vii. 159 A dense forest..terminated on the north by an alluvial meadow nearly bare of trees. 1906 Geogr. Jrnl. 27 162 On either side of the river Hope there are alluvial terraces, eroded partly out of solid rock and partly out of raised beach deposits. 1954 J. F. Kirkaldy Gen. Princ. Geol. v. 54 The river..is laying down alluvial deposits which may in the future..add yet another tread to this flight or staircase of terraces. 1970 D. Brown Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee xv. 353 Their eyes were greedy for the rich alluvial fields on which grew the finest Indian corn on the Plains. 2006 Decanter June (Argentina 2006 Suppl.) 38/2 (advt.) With little rainfall in the area the well-drained alluvial soils have to be channel-irrigated with melt-water run-off from the Andes. 2. a. Of mining, a miner, etc.: concerned with exploiting deposits of alluvium. ΚΠ 1859 Colonial Mining Jrnl. May 143/1 Reefing bids fair to be the main feature, but alluvial workings are also likely to turn out satisfactorily. 1946 K. S. Prichard Roaring Nineties 326 Alf knew the mine-owners were slugging the prospectors and alluvial diggers. 1965 G. J. Williams Econ. Geol. N.Z. xiii. 190/2 This hard ferro-manganese material forms the pebbles known to the early alluvial miners as ‘black Maori’. 2000 Vanity Fair Aug. 170/1 Almost anyone..can set up a small-scale alluvial-mining operation. b. Of a metal, mineral, etc.: obtained from deposits of alluvium. ΚΠ 1869 R. B. Smyth Gold Fields Victoria 611 Flour-gold, the finest alluvial drift-gold. 1923 Bulletin (Sydney) 4 Jan. 24/4 Scarcity of water depopulated the field more than once during the days of the first alluvial finds. 1988 Mining Ann. Rev. (Nexis) June 131 Alluvial platinum and osmiridium are also being sought in the Wilson River area of Tasmania. 2007 Stamp & Coin Mart Jan. 97/2 An elegant silver proof dollar in an edition of 3,000 depicts the hand-panning of alluvial gold from a river. B. n. An alluvial deposit; alluvium; esp. an alluvial deposit bearing metals or minerals. Frequently in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > sediment or alluvium > [noun] siltc1440 warpingc1440 slitch?a1475 sleech1587 alluvium1665 sediment1685 sullage1691 warp1698 wash1707 washing1707 alluvion1731 silting1739 warp land1794 alluvial1818 siltage1876 flood-loam1880 putty1883 the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > auriferous gravel alluvial1818 placer1829 gravel1849 washing-stuff1853 pay gravel1857 wash-gravel1860 wash-dirt1862 1818 Philos. Mag. 51 328 To..give time for the lighter alluvials to deposit and settle down. 1866 Harper's Mag. Sept. 544/1 Nearly two thousand acres of the rich alluvial at the junction of the Ohio and Great Miami rivers. 1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms III. xviii. 270 The whole of the alluvial will be taken up, and the Terrible Hollow..will re-echo with the sound of pick and shovel. 1915 Jrnl. Ecol. 3 52 The soil of the reg..is fine alluvial and is relatively or actually deep. 1944 J. A. Lee Shining with Shiner (1963) 60 Men were out shovelling at and turning over the alluvials. 1963 A. Moorehead Cooper's Creek i. 5 Nearly all the surface alluvial was exhausted and now gold had to be mined by machinery and in deep shafts. 1977 R. Edwards Austral. Yarn 14 They'd go out and prospect the alluvial... They would walk out into the new country and pick up handfuls of soil. 2004 RWE Austral. Business News (Nexis) 24 Mar. The Mount Britton goldfield was first established on high-grade alluvials in Oaky Creek and Nuggety Gully in 1881. Compounds alluvial cone n. a conical deposit of alluvium, esp. a steeply sloping alluvial fan; cf. cone n.¹ 1d. ΚΠ 1864 J. Hunt tr. C. Vogt Lect. on Man xii. 363 The notice of Pruner-Bey does not even afford a certain indication whether the said skull, from the alluvial cone of the Tinière, near Villeneuve, is really a short head, as the transverse diameter is not mentioned. 1924 I. Bowman Desert Trails Atacama xvi. 326 In many cases the terraces are either ravined or covered with coarse deposits of alluvial cones or fans. 2004 D. P. Crouch Geol. & Settlement v. 187 Streams deliver this material to the valley floor, forming alluvial cones where the streams enter the valley. alluvial fan n. a deposit of alluvium, having the approximate shape of a segment of a circle, laid down by a river at a point where the gradient decreases, as at the base of a range of hills: cf. fan n.¹ 5e. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > deposited by water, ice, or wind > [noun] > by water roddon1857 platform-mud1863 cone1864 fan1864 levee1870 alluvial fan1873 apron1889 sand-wash1901 scroll1902 spillbank1909 sheet-flow1928 point bar1945 1862 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 24 379 Ancient alluvial fan-shaped masses of gravel quite analogous to those that by the agency of existing torrents have issued from the gorges.] 1873 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 29 446 At the mouth of each of these [gorges] are alluvial fans, which project out into the flat of the river-alluvium. 1911 National Geographic Mag. Dec. 1095/1 One immense flattened alluvial fan, spread from the debouchure of the Min over all the lower tract between the Szechuan Alps on the west and the buttes..to the east. 1962 M. E. Murie Two in Far North iv. vii. 416 One of these..alluvial fans..was so wide it took us forty-five minutes to walk across it. 2006 SageWoman Spring 13/1 Complex geologic formations such as deep canyons, high-standing cliffs, steep bajadas, and alluvial fans. alluvial plain n. a low-lying plain consisting of alluvium deposited from rivers. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > level land > [noun] > level place or plain > types of sand-flat1773 alluvial plain1803 sand-plain1818 sandveld1824 tundra1841 bench-land1845 salt flat1873 panfan1915 panplain1933 pediplain1935 soda plain1946 1803 Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 9 Science 454 In alluvial plains they [sc. rivers] are perpetually changing their channels, cutting out new ones, and filling up the old. 1863 C. Lyell Geol. Evid. Antiq. Man iii. 54 The Celtic name of Inch being attached to many hillocks, which rise above the general level of the alluvial plains. 1939 E. D. Laborde tr. E. de Martonne Shorter Physical Geogr. (rev. ed.) xi. 159 The lower course of every important river is generally marked by vast alluvial plains which extend right down to the base level. 2005 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) 3 May 13 These valleys empty onto the alluvial plain, directly into Tokyo Bay, or into the Tamagawa or Tonegawa river systems. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1771
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