drossn.

Brit.

/drɒs/, U.S.

/drɔs/,

/drɑs/

Forms: Also: Old English–1500s dros, Middle English–1600s drosse.

Etymology: Old English drós = Middle Low German drôs , Middle Dutch droes dregs. A lengthened form, drosen n., Middle English drosne, Old English drósna, corresponds to Old High German truosana, Middle High German truosen, German drusen plural husks of grapes, lees, dregs. See Kuhn's Zeitschr. XXXIV. 513 (1896).

a. The scum, recrement, or extraneous matter thrown off from metals in the process of melting.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials produced from metalworking > [noun] > slag or scoria

cindera800

drossc1050

scoriaa1398

scum1526

scory1607

recrement1611

slag1612

scorium1681

slackstone1683

finery cinder1786

browsec1794

smithy slack1813

matte1825

sullage1843

forge-cinder1881

basic slag1888

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 353 Auriculum, dros.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 210 Golt & seoluer clansið ham of hare dros iþe fur.

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 3339 Als gold, þat shynes clere and bright..Whar it put in fire to fyn mare Yhit suld it leve sum dros þare.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 133/1 Drosse of metalle, scorium.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. W. de Rubruquis in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 97 As hard as the drosse of iron.

1678 Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 952 There swims on the Metal..a Scum, which they call Dross; much like to Sclag or Dross of Iron.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 62 Separate the Gold by Fire from the Dross and Mixture.

1830 Ld. Tennyson Poems 123 Turn..dross to gold with glorious alchemy.

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 129 Dross, the material skimmed from the surface of freshly melted, not perfectly pure metal.

†b. Volcanic scoria. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > volcanic rocks > lava > scoria

slag1673

cinder1774

scoria1792

dross1811

clinker1850

1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 307 Above are great masses of sand, red drosses, and puzzolana.

c. A workman's name for protoxide of lead.

ΚΠ

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 73 Fresh quantities of litharge or pot dross..are from time to time thrown in.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 81/1 The first step..is to convert the lead into..protoxide, which is more usually called ‘dross’ by the workmen than litharge or massicot.

d. An alloy incidentally formed in the zinc-bath, by the action of the zinc on the iron pot and iron articles dipped. (Wahl Galvanopl. Manip. 1884).

a. Dreggy, impure, or foreign matter, mixed with any substance, and detracting from its purity; e.g. the dregs or lees of oil or wine, the chaff of corn, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [noun] > polluting agent

drossc1440

defilement1571

foulagea1603

feculency1608

feculence1662

contamination1806

pollutant1892

contaminant1934

crud1943

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 133/1 Drosse of corne, acus, criballum.

1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 12 in Jewell House You shall find a fourth or fifth part of drosse in the best butter.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xi. 53 She shall reserue the drosse of the grapes she presseth.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xii. 63 Take the drosse of oile of linseede.

1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs App. 310 Report what allowance ought to be made for dross and dirt on the bees wax.

b. A miner's name for iron pyrites in coal; also, small or waste coal, the screenings of the coalhills.

ΚΠ

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 234 Many of the coal-seams..have considerable quantities of brasses or drosses in them, which are lumps of iron pyrites.

1854 Encycl. Brit. VII. 117/1 A heap of dross or small coal.

1872 Daily News 12 Oct. Great black mounds of coal dross.

1892 Labour Comm. Gloss. Dross, ‘small coal’.

1894 Times 16 Apr. 4/3 Quietness rules in the coal trade..Dross is scarce and dearer.

Categories »

c. Salt-making. ‘The refuse or marl left after dissolving rock-salt in water.’ Chester Gloss. 1884.

3. figurative from 1, 2. (Cf. dregs, dreg n. 3.)

ΚΠ

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Biiii^v Our lorde wolde nat that we shulde take the drosse of the lawe of Moyses.

1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. 119 The Dregs and Lees of the Earth, and Drosse of Mankinde.

1756 A. Butler Lives Saints I. 140 The seventh general persecution, permitted by God to purge away the dross in his flock.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 73 A human tear From passion's dross refined and clear.

4. In general: Refuse; rubbish; worthless, impure matter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun]

wrakea1350

outcastingc1350

rammel1370

rubble1376

mullockc1390

refusec1390

filtha1398

outcasta1398

chaff?a1400

rubbishc1400

wastec1430

drossc1440

raff?1440

rascal1440

murgeonc1450

wrack1472

gear1489

garblec1503

scowl1538

raffle1543

baggage1549

garbage1549

peltry1550

gubbins?1553

lastage1553

scruff1559

retraict1575

ross1577

riddings1584

ket1586

scouring1588

pelf1589

offal1598

rummage1598

dog's meat1606

retriment1615

spitling1620

recrement1622

mundungus1637

sordes1640

muskings1649

rejectament1654

offscouring1655

brat1656

relicts1687

offage1727

litter1730

rejectamenta1795

outwale1825

detritus1834

junk1836

wastements1843

croke1847–78

sculch1847

debris1851

rumble1854

flotsam1861

jetsam1861

pelt1880

offcasting1893

rubbishry1894

littering1897

muckings1898

wastage1898

dreck1905

bruck1929

crap1934

garbo1953

clobber1965

dooky1965

grot1971

tippings-

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > worthless

hawc1000

turdc1275

fille1297

dusta1300

lead1303

skitc1330

naught1340

vanityc1340

wrakea1350

rushc1350

dirt1357

fly's wing1377

goose-wing1377

fartc1390

chaff?a1400

nutshella1400

shalec1400

yardc1400

wrack1472

pelfrya1529

trasha1529

dreg1531

trish-trash1542

alchemy1547

beggary?1548

rubbish1548

pelfa1555

chip1556

stark naught1562

paltry?1566

rubbish1566

riff-raff1570

bran1574

baggage1579

nihil1579

trush-trash1582

stubblea1591

tartar1590

garbage1592

bag of winda1599

a cracked or slit groat1600

kitchen stuff1600

tilta1603

nothing?1608

bauble1609

countera1616

a pair of Yorkshire sleeves in a goldsmith's shop1620

buttermilk1630

dross1632

paltrement1641

cattle1643

bagatelle1647

nothingness1652

brimborion1653

stuff1670

flap-dragon1700

mud1706

caput mortuuma1711

snuff1778

twaddle1786

powder-post1790

traffic1828

junk1836

duffer1852

shice1859

punk1869

hogwash1870

cagmag1875

shit1890

tosh1892

tripe1895

dreck1905

schlock1906

cannon fodder1917

shite1928

skunk1929

crut1937

chickenshit1938

crud1943

Mickey Mouse1958

gick1959

garbo1978

turd1978

pants1994

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 133/1 Drosse, or fylthe..qwat so it be, ruscum, rusculum.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 200 His chambre..with the tempest was dung in dros.

1632 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie (ed. 2) 26 So tinne for silver goes, and dunghill drosse for gold.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 29 All treasures and all gain esteem as dross .

1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fourth 25 The Stars, tho' rich, what Dross their Gold to Thee.

1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. i. i. 9 He was of different quality from the human dross around her.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as dross heap, dross iron; dross-full, dross-rich adjs.

ΚΠ

1428 in Surtees Misc. (1888) 2 And iiij^e and mo peces of fals drosseyren.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 356 Such sparks may flame..A higher pitch, then drosse-full vanitie.

1881 W. T. Ross Poems 69 The dross-rich earthling leaves life's stage.

1893 F. Peel Spen Valley 13 Having stood for a long time on the edge of a dross heap.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	dross
释义	drossn. Brit. /drɒs/, U.S. /drɔs/, /drɑs/ Forms: Also: Old English–1500s dros, Middle English–1600s drosse. Etymology: Old English drós = Middle Low German drôs , Middle Dutch droes dregs. A lengthened form, drosen n., Middle English drosne, Old English drósna, corresponds to Old High German truosana, Middle High German truosen, German drusen plural husks of grapes, lees, dregs. See Kuhn's Zeitschr. XXXIV. 513 (1896). 1. a. The scum, recrement, or extraneous matter thrown off from metals in the process of melting. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials produced from metalworking > [noun] > slag or scoria cindera800 drossc1050 scoriaa1398 scum1526 scory1607 recrement1611 slag1612 scorium1681 slackstone1683 finery cinder1786 browsec1794 smithy slack1813 matte1825 sullage1843 forge-cinder1881 basic slag1888 c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 353 Auriculum, dros. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 210 Golt & seoluer clansið ham of hare dros iþe fur. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 3339 Als gold, þat shynes clere and bright..Whar it put in fire to fyn mare Yhit suld it leve sum dros þare. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 133/1 Drosse of metalle, scorium. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. W. de Rubruquis in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 97 As hard as the drosse of iron. 1678 Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 952 There swims on the Metal..a Scum, which they call Dross; much like to Sclag or Dross of Iron. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 62 Separate the Gold by Fire from the Dross and Mixture. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Poems 123 Turn..dross to gold with glorious alchemy. 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 129 Dross, the material skimmed from the surface of freshly melted, not perfectly pure metal. †b. Volcanic scoria. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > volcanic rocks > lava > scoria slag1673 cinder1774 scoria1792 dross1811 clinker1850 1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 307 Above are great masses of sand, red drosses, and puzzolana. c. A workman's name for protoxide of lead. ΚΠ 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 73 Fresh quantities of litharge or pot dross..are from time to time thrown in. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 81/1 The first step..is to convert the lead into..protoxide, which is more usually called ‘dross’ by the workmen than litharge or massicot. d. An alloy incidentally formed in the zinc-bath, by the action of the zinc on the iron pot and iron articles dipped. (Wahl Galvanopl. Manip. 1884). 2. a. Dreggy, impure, or foreign matter, mixed with any substance, and detracting from its purity; e.g. the dregs or lees of oil or wine, the chaff of corn, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [noun] > polluting agent drossc1440 defilement1571 foulagea1603 feculency1608 feculence1662 contamination1806 pollutant1892 contaminant1934 crud1943 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 133/1 Drosse of corne, acus, criballum. 1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 12 in Jewell House You shall find a fourth or fifth part of drosse in the best butter. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xi. 53 She shall reserue the drosse of the grapes she presseth. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xii. 63 Take the drosse of oile of linseede. 1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs App. 310 Report what allowance ought to be made for dross and dirt on the bees wax. b. A miner's name for iron pyrites in coal; also, small or waste coal, the screenings of the coalhills. ΚΠ 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 234 Many of the coal-seams..have considerable quantities of brasses or drosses in them, which are lumps of iron pyrites. 1854 Encycl. Brit. VII. 117/1 A heap of dross or small coal. 1872 Daily News 12 Oct. Great black mounds of coal dross. 1892 Labour Comm. Gloss. Dross, ‘small coal’. 1894 Times 16 Apr. 4/3 Quietness rules in the coal trade..Dross is scarce and dearer. Categories » c. Salt-making. ‘The refuse or marl left after dissolving rock-salt in water.’ Chester Gloss. 1884. 3. figurative from 1, 2. (Cf. dregs, dreg n. 3.) ΚΠ 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Biiii^v Our lorde wolde nat that we shulde take the drosse of the lawe of Moyses. 1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. 119 The Dregs and Lees of the Earth, and Drosse of Mankinde. 1756 A. Butler Lives Saints I. 140 The seventh general persecution, permitted by God to purge away the dross in his flock. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 73 A human tear From passion's dross refined and clear. 4. In general: Refuse; rubbish; worthless, impure matter. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > refuse or rubbish > [noun] wrakea1350 outcastingc1350 rammel1370 rubble1376 mullockc1390 refusec1390 filtha1398 outcasta1398 chaff?a1400 rubbishc1400 wastec1430 drossc1440 raff?1440 rascal1440 murgeonc1450 wrack1472 gear1489 garblec1503 scowl1538 raffle1543 baggage1549 garbage1549 peltry1550 gubbins?1553 lastage1553 scruff1559 retraict1575 ross1577 riddings1584 ket1586 scouring1588 pelf1589 offal1598 rummage1598 dog's meat1606 retriment1615 spitling1620 recrement1622 mundungus1637 sordes1640 muskings1649 rejectament1654 offscouring1655 brat1656 relicts1687 offage1727 litter1730 rejectamenta1795 outwale1825 detritus1834 junk1836 wastements1843 croke1847–78 sculch1847 debris1851 rumble1854 flotsam1861 jetsam1861 pelt1880 offcasting1893 rubbishry1894 littering1897 muckings1898 wastage1898 dreck1905 bruck1929 crap1934 garbo1953 clobber1965 dooky1965 grot1971 tippings- the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > worthless hawc1000 turdc1275 fille1297 dusta1300 lead1303 skitc1330 naught1340 vanityc1340 wrakea1350 rushc1350 dirt1357 fly's wing1377 goose-wing1377 fartc1390 chaff?a1400 nutshella1400 shalec1400 yardc1400 wrack1472 pelfrya1529 trasha1529 dreg1531 trish-trash1542 alchemy1547 beggary?1548 rubbish1548 pelfa1555 chip1556 stark naught1562 paltry?1566 rubbish1566 riff-raff1570 bran1574 baggage1579 nihil1579 trush-trash1582 stubblea1591 tartar1590 garbage1592 bag of winda1599 a cracked or slit groat1600 kitchen stuff1600 tilta1603 nothing?1608 bauble1609 countera1616 a pair of Yorkshire sleeves in a goldsmith's shop1620 buttermilk1630 dross1632 paltrement1641 cattle1643 bagatelle1647 nothingness1652 brimborion1653 stuff1670 flap-dragon1700 mud1706 caput mortuuma1711 snuff1778 twaddle1786 powder-post1790 traffic1828 junk1836 duffer1852 shice1859 punk1869 hogwash1870 cagmag1875 shit1890 tosh1892 tripe1895 dreck1905 schlock1906 cannon fodder1917 shite1928 skunk1929 crut1937 chickenshit1938 crud1943 Mickey Mouse1958 gick1959 garbo1978 turd1978 pants1994 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 133/1 Drosse, or fylthe..qwat so it be, ruscum, rusculum. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 200 His chambre..with the tempest was dung in dros. 1632 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie (ed. 2) 26 So tinne for silver goes, and dunghill drosse for gold. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 29 All treasures and all gain esteem as dross . View more context for this quotation 1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fourth 25 The Stars, tho' rich, what Dross their Gold to Thee. 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. i. i. 9 He was of different quality from the human dross around her. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as dross heap, dross iron; dross-full, dross-rich adjs. ΚΠ 1428 in Surtees Misc. (1888) 2 And iiij^e and mo peces of fals drosseyren. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 356 Such sparks may flame..A higher pitch, then drosse-full vanitie. 1881 W. T. Ross Poems 69 The dross-rich earthling leaves life's stage. 1893 F. Peel Spen Valley 13 Having stood for a long time on the edge of a dross heap. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). drossv. Etymology: < dross n. †1. To render drossy or impure; to corrupt. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > corrupt corrumpa1340 corrupt1382 perisha1400 cankera1450 gangrenate1532 putrefy?1548 cankerfret1585 debauch1603 fly-blow1605 bebauch1607 perjurea1616 ulcer1642 dross1648 deboise1654 gangrene1658 1648 Earl of Westmorland Otia Sacra (1879) 69 Of full Power to refine the deed Our Parents Dross'd by their Corruption. 2. To convert (lead) into ‘dross’ or protoxide. ΚΠ 1891 Address Brit. Assoc. in Nature 27 Aug. In ‘drossing’ molten lead, the oxidation of the lead is greatly promoted by the presence of a trace of antimony. 3. To free from dross, remove dross from. ΚΠ 1883 W. H. Wahl Galvanoplastic Manip. lxvi. 529 A matter which seriously troubles the galvanizer, is the formation of what is technically known as dross. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.c1050v.1648
随便看	port-bibbing port-bound port-cannon port-complexioned port-day port-dog port-drinking port-electric port-feu port-flask port-fog port-glaive port-head port-hound port-last port-lid port-master port-mouthed port-pain port-rope port-royal port-royalist port-sail port-sale port-sash

drossn.

Compounds

drossv.