dryasn.

/ˈdrʌɪas/

Etymology: Latin: see dryad n. First used as a genus-name by Linnæus, Genera Plantarum (1737) 148.

Botany.

An evergreen sub-shrub of the genus so called, belonging to the family Rosaceæ and found in cold or alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Cf. avens n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > avens or herb bennet

avensc1250

herb benneta1475

geum1548

mountain avens1648

throat root1785

dryas1798

clove-root1866

1798 J. E. Smith Eng. Bot. VII. 451 We have cultivated the Dryas with success under a north wall.

1872 R. Hogg & G. W. Johnson Wild Flowers Great Brit. VII. 556 Dryas Octopetala…Synonymes.—Dryas depressa,..White Dryas, English.

1927 Glasgow Herald 26 Mar. A thin carpet of Arctic-Alpine vegetation such as a white-flowered dryas and dwarf-willows.

1936 D. McCowan Animals Canad. Rockies ii. 18 Dryas spreads its lovely floral carpet in the sun.

1955 Times 4 July 10 That was Dryas, my dear fellow, for already your mountain avens is far back down the pass.

Draft additions 1993

2. Geology. With capital initial. [after Swedish Dryaszonen (A. G. Nathorst Sveriges Geologi (1894) 292, 301).] Used attributively to designate each of three cold (subarctic) climatic phases of the Late Pleistocene epoch in northern Europe, during the climatic oscillation which followed the last period of major glaciation, or the deposits from these phases, which characteristically contain the remains of dryas and other tundra vegetation. Now frequently absol., and usually with qualifying word. Older Dryas n. a cold stadial preceding the Allerød interstadial in some parts of northern Europe (approximately 14,000 years ago). Oldest Dryas n. a cold stadial immediately following the last phase of glaciation in northern Europe (approximately 18,000 to 15,000 years ago). Younger Dryas n. a cold stadial following the Allerød interstadial and preceding the beginning of the Holocene epoch (approximately 12,700 to 11,500 years ago).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > historical period > [adjective] > of prehistoric periods

prolepticala1646

ante-historical1724

ante-historic1828

lacustrine1830

palaeotherian1831

prehistoric1832

Siwalik1836

megalithic1839

subarctic1846

meta-historical1854

prehistorical1854

lithic1862

protolithic1863

Archaeolithic1865

lacustrian1865

Palaeolithic1865

Mesolithic1866

Hallstatt1869

microlithic1872

palaeocosmic1875

Silurian1875

Miolithic1877

archilithic1879

eneolithic1886

palaeolithical1887

Solutrian1888

eolithic1890

Hallstattian1893

Chellean1894

pre-Palaeolithic1894

palaeolithoid1896

protolithic1896

Siculian1896

Siculic1896

Azilian1899

Acheulean1901

Villanova1901

chalcolithic1902

sub-Neolithic1903

Mesvinian1905

protoneolithic1906

Sicanian1909

Siculan1909

Aurignacian1914

Getulian1914

Châtelperron1915

epipalaeolithic1921

Creswellian1926

Capsian1928

Villanovan1928

Chelleo-Acheulean1930

Abbevillian1934

Swiderian1936

dryas1946

Shamvaian1947

Mazovian1965

Devensian1968

talayotic1974

the world > time > relative time > the past > historical period > [noun] > prehistoric periods

dark ages1842

Iron Age1845

iron period1847

stone period1849

lithic age1862

Aurignac1863

stone age1864

three ages1866

Palaeolithic1869

Middle Stone Age1870

prehistory1871

stone era1873

Siwalik1877

Neolithic1878

hemera1893

Mesvinian1909

Mesolithic1931

Abbevillian1937

Devensian1968

Creswellian1969

dryas1975

1913 Jrnl. Ecol. 1 66 The Dryas flora answers to the tundra period.]

1921 J. M. Tyler New Stone Age in Northern Europe 179 (table) Arctic climate. Temperature about 8° Cent. Younger Yoldia layers. Older Dryas period. Flora: Dryas octopetala, Salix polaris.

1928 K. Jessen in V. Nordmann Summary Geol. Denmark 133 We find at the bottom Dryas Clay, above that mud with macrophyllous birch, [etc.].

1946 F. E. Zeuner Dating Past iii. 61 The earlier part of the Subarctic phase is often called Dryas time, after a characteristic plant found in tundra-like environments.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. V. 452/2 The earliest evidence of human settlement dates from the older Dryas period..and comprises summer camping-places of upper palaeolithic (Hamburgian) reindeer hunters.

1963 R. O. Muir tr. M. Scwarzbach Climates of Past xix. 208 Auer has recognized climatic variations in Tierra del Fuego..dating back more than 9,000 years. These variations can be equated with the Older and Younger Dryas periods.

1975 J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles ii. 46 The solifluxion horizons are known as the Oldest Dryas.., the Older Dryas..and the Younger Dryas.

1999 Science 29 Oct. 931/3 The event..separates the last glacial period from the Bølling warm interval and is known as the Bølling Transition... The cold period immediately preceding the transition is referred to as the Oldest Dryas.

2002 Amer. Antiquity 67 793/1 The variable Younger Dryas climate may have affected remnant megafauna populations and the subsistence strategies of early hunter-gatherers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	dryas
释义	dryasn. /ˈdrʌɪas/ Etymology: Latin: see dryad n. First used as a genus-name by Linnæus, Genera Plantarum (1737) 148. Botany. An evergreen sub-shrub of the genus so called, belonging to the family Rosaceæ and found in cold or alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Cf. avens n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > avens or herb bennet avensc1250 herb benneta1475 geum1548 mountain avens1648 throat root1785 dryas1798 clove-root1866 1798 J. E. Smith Eng. Bot. VII. 451 We have cultivated the Dryas with success under a north wall. 1872 R. Hogg & G. W. Johnson Wild Flowers Great Brit. VII. 556 Dryas Octopetala…Synonymes.—Dryas depressa,..White Dryas, English. 1927 Glasgow Herald 26 Mar. A thin carpet of Arctic-Alpine vegetation such as a white-flowered dryas and dwarf-willows. 1936 D. McCowan Animals Canad. Rockies ii. 18 Dryas spreads its lovely floral carpet in the sun. 1955 Times 4 July 10 That was Dryas, my dear fellow, for already your mountain avens is far back down the pass. Draft additions 1993 2. Geology. With capital initial. [after Swedish Dryaszonen (A. G. Nathorst Sveriges Geologi (1894) 292, 301).] Used attributively to designate each of three cold (subarctic) climatic phases of the Late Pleistocene epoch in northern Europe, during the climatic oscillation which followed the last period of major glaciation, or the deposits from these phases, which characteristically contain the remains of dryas and other tundra vegetation. Now frequently absol., and usually with qualifying word. Older Dryas n. a cold stadial preceding the Allerød interstadial in some parts of northern Europe (approximately 14,000 years ago). Oldest Dryas n. a cold stadial immediately following the last phase of glaciation in northern Europe (approximately 18,000 to 15,000 years ago). Younger Dryas n. a cold stadial following the Allerød interstadial and preceding the beginning of the Holocene epoch (approximately 12,700 to 11,500 years ago). ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > historical period > [adjective] > of prehistoric periods prolepticala1646 ante-historical1724 ante-historic1828 lacustrine1830 palaeotherian1831 prehistoric1832 Siwalik1836 megalithic1839 subarctic1846 meta-historical1854 prehistorical1854 lithic1862 protolithic1863 Archaeolithic1865 lacustrian1865 Palaeolithic1865 Mesolithic1866 Hallstatt1869 microlithic1872 palaeocosmic1875 Silurian1875 Miolithic1877 archilithic1879 eneolithic1886 palaeolithical1887 Solutrian1888 eolithic1890 Hallstattian1893 Chellean1894 pre-Palaeolithic1894 palaeolithoid1896 protolithic1896 Siculian1896 Siculic1896 Azilian1899 Acheulean1901 Villanova1901 chalcolithic1902 sub-Neolithic1903 Mesvinian1905 protoneolithic1906 Sicanian1909 Siculan1909 Aurignacian1914 Getulian1914 Châtelperron1915 epipalaeolithic1921 Creswellian1926 Capsian1928 Villanovan1928 Chelleo-Acheulean1930 Abbevillian1934 Swiderian1936 dryas1946 Shamvaian1947 Mazovian1965 Devensian1968 talayotic1974 the world > time > relative time > the past > historical period > [noun] > prehistoric periods dark ages1842 Iron Age1845 iron period1847 stone period1849 lithic age1862 Aurignac1863 stone age1864 three ages1866 Palaeolithic1869 Middle Stone Age1870 prehistory1871 stone era1873 Siwalik1877 Neolithic1878 hemera1893 Mesvinian1909 Mesolithic1931 Abbevillian1937 Devensian1968 Creswellian1969 dryas1975 1913 Jrnl. Ecol. 1 66 The Dryas flora answers to the tundra period.] 1921 J. M. Tyler New Stone Age in Northern Europe 179 (table) Arctic climate. Temperature about 8° Cent. Younger Yoldia layers. Older Dryas period. Flora: Dryas octopetala, Salix polaris. 1928 K. Jessen in V. Nordmann Summary Geol. Denmark 133 We find at the bottom Dryas Clay, above that mud with macrophyllous birch, [etc.]. 1946 F. E. Zeuner Dating Past iii. 61 The earlier part of the Subarctic phase is often called Dryas time, after a characteristic plant found in tundra-like environments. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. V. 452/2 The earliest evidence of human settlement dates from the older Dryas period..and comprises summer camping-places of upper palaeolithic (Hamburgian) reindeer hunters. 1963 R. O. Muir tr. M. Scwarzbach Climates of Past xix. 208 Auer has recognized climatic variations in Tierra del Fuego..dating back more than 9,000 years. These variations can be equated with the Older and Younger Dryas periods. 1975 J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles ii. 46 The solifluxion horizons are known as the Oldest Dryas.., the Older Dryas..and the Younger Dryas. 1999 Science 29 Oct. 931/3 The event..separates the last glacial period from the Bølling warm interval and is known as the Bølling Transition... The cold period immediately preceding the transition is referred to as the Oldest Dryas. 2002 Amer. Antiquity 67 793/1 The variable Younger Dryas climate may have affected remnant megafauna populations and the subsistence strategies of early hunter-gatherers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.1798
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