ductn.
/dʌkt/, U.S. /dək(t)/ΘΚΠ
society > authority > control > [noun] > leading
lodeOE
leadinga1240
leada1300
leadinga1300
manuduction1502
conduct1530
conduction1541
ducture1645
duct1654
duction1661
leadance1682
1654 H. Hammond Misc. Theol. Wks. (1847) II. 151 To obey our fate, to follow the duct of the stars.
1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician vi. 216 The Physician..is bound to follow Nature's duct.
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the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > [noun] > course or direction
current1607
generalitiesa1628
bent1649
duct1650
turn1690
run1699
movement1789
swim1869
trend1884
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 48 The other the ductus or course of the hair turns away.
1662 J. Glanvill Lux Orientalis xiv. 185 According to the duct of this Hypothesis.
1712 P. Blair in Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 435 Observing..the Duct of its Fibres.
1718 J. Chamberlayne tr. B. Nieuwentyt Relig. Philosopher I. ix. §8 Remarks upon each Duct, or Course, of these Nerves.
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society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun]
patheOE
gangOE
gangwayOE
passagec1300
wenta1325
goingc1350
transit1440
way-wenta1450
accessa1460
traduct1535
conveyance1542
ancoming1589
passado1599
avenue1600
passageway?1606
pass1608
way-ganga1628
approach1633
duct1670
waygate?c1690
way-goa1694
vent1715
archway1802
passway1825
approach road1833
fairway1903
1670 E. Brown in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 5 1191 The ductus's or veins of Metals, do..some-times run North and South.
a1711 T. Ken Anodynes in Wks. (1721) III. 431 I then meet labyrinthal Ducts, Turnings and Windings, dark Retreats.
4. A stroke drawn or traced, or the manner of tracing it (cf. Latin ductus litterarum).
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society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > formation of letters > [noun] > stroke
linea1382
tittlec1384
stroke1567
minim1587
pot-hook1611
dash1615
hair-stroke1634
hook1668
foot stroke1676
stem1676
duct1699
hanger1738
downstroke?1760
hairline1846
up-stroke1848
skit1860
pot-crook1882
ligature1883
coupling-stroke1906
bow1914
ductus1922
ascender1934
1699 N. Marsh in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 297 Using..a magnifying glass for discovering the more diminutive lines, ductuses, and appendages to the Letters.
1761 J. Swinton in Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 857 The ducts of the letters are drawn with so much accuracy, that they may be intirely depended upon.
1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 278 The ducts of the letters will sufficiently justify this reading.
1954 N. Denholm-Young Handwriting in Eng. & Wales iv. 32 The method of tracing the strokes, and the resulting general appearance of the script can conveniently be termed the duct or ductus.
1957 N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon p. xxv The change from Anglo-Saxon minuscule to caroline minuscule..involved the duct of the handwriting of all manuscripts.
1969 M. B. Parkes Eng. Cursive Bk. Hands 1250–1500 p. xxvi The duct of a hand is the distinctive manner in which strokes are traced upon the writing surface: it represents the combination of such factors as the angle at which the pen was held in relation to the way in which it was cut, the degree of pressure applied to it, and the direction in which it was moved.
5.
a. A conduit, channel, or tube, for the conveyance of water or other liquid. spec. = ink-trough n. at ink n.1 Compounds 3; also attributive.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube
conduit1340
conveyance1577
forcer1598
lead1598
suspiracle1598
trunk1610
by-conduit1631
ducture1670
boxing1683
duct1713
launder1736
1713 A. Pope in Guardian 29 Sept. 2/1 The two Fountains..were brought by Conduits or Ducts.
1776 Act 16 Geo. III c. 56 (T.) For making and perfecting any channel, course, main cut, or duct, through any of the grounds.
1809 A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada 69 The [sugar-maple] trees were..tapped, and spouts or ducts introduced into the wound.
1880 Printing Trades Jrnl. No. 31. 10 For letterpress it has two ink ducts.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 706/1 A trough, which contains the ink..is fitted with the duct roller of cast iron.
1968 Gloss. Terms Offset Lithogr. Printing (B.S.I.) 38 Duct, the trough..which contains the supply of ink, and by means of which the ink is presented to the duct roller.
b. A pipe or tube through which air is conveyed for cooling, ventilation, etc.
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the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [noun] > supplying fresh air or ventilation > ventilator > passage, shaft, duct, or pipe
funnel1555
ventiduct1615
ventoso1698
air pipe1748
ventilating tube1754
ventilation-pipe1823
airshaft1846
through-draught1852
duct1884
1884 J. S. Billings Princ. Ventilation & Heating xi. 190 Into this chimney empties a foul-air duct..which receives the air from lateral ducts opening beneath the foot of each bed.
1908 A. G. King Pract. Steam & Hot Water Heating ix. 92 It is well to take the hot-air duct from the boxing at the end opposite to that where the cold air enters.
1930 Engineering 28 Feb. 279/1 The arrangement of the fans and ducts.
1947 T. N. Adlam Radiant Heating xiv. 308 For circulating the air through the various offices..a system of metal ducts has been installed.
1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 139/1 Demister duct trim screws [were] slack.
c. A conduit for an electric cable or the like.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > transmission of electricity, conduction > wire as conductor > [noun] > protective tube or trough
diffuser1847
wireway1875
conduit1882
duct1892
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical power, electricity > distribution system > [noun] > cable > conduit for
duct1892
1892 T. O'C. Sloane Standard Electr. Dict. (1893) 193 Duct, the tube or compartment in an electric subway for the reception of a cable.
1901 Westm. Gaz. 11 Apr. 7/2 The work of laying the cable ducts has practically finished.
1945 ‘Electr. Engineer’ Ref. Bk. xxvi. 7 The lightest and most convenient system is probably to run the cables in open ducts.
1962 P. Dunsheath Hist. Elect. Engin. xiv. 241 The [telephone] cables were at first drawn into cast-iron pipes and later earthenware single and multiple ducts.
6.
a. Physiology. A tube or canal in the animal body, by which the bodily fluids are conveyed. Formerly used in a wide sense, so as to include the blood vessels and alimentary canal, but now applied more strictly to the vessels conveying the chyle, lymph, and secretions. Also used attributively in such phrases as duct-cancer, duct-cyst, duct-papilloma, = (cancer, etc.) affecting the epithelium of the ducts of the mammary glands.These have names expressing their position or character, or in some cases the name of their discoverer, as biliary, choledoch, cystic, efferent, genito-urinary, hepatic, lactiferous, lymphatic, nasal, pancreatic, parotid, thoracic duct. (See these words.) Also ducts of Bellini, the excretory tubes of the kidneys; duct of Bartholin, ducts of Rivinus, certain ducts of the sublingual gland; Steno's duct, that of the parotid gland, which conveys saliva into the mouth; Wharton's duct, that of the submaxillary gland, also conveying saliva; duct of Wirsung, the principal pancreatic duct; Wolffian duct, the excretory duct of the Wolffian body or primitive kidney.
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the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > tube or canal
conduit1340
pipec1385
channela1387
porea1398
canal?a1425
cannel?1553
strait1558
canaliculus1661
tube1661
duct1667
tubule1677
ductus1699
funnel1712
cannule1719
infundibulum1799
meatus1800
tubulet1826
tubulus1826
canalicule1839
canalization1840
ductule1883
1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 579 There being peculiar ductus's, by which the bloud passeth into the Aorta.
1692 R. Bentley Confut. Atheism from Struct. & Origin Humane Bodies: Pt. II 14 All the various Ducts and Ventricles of the Body.
1741 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) 134 Steno's Duct may be traced some Way on the Side of these Passages next the Nose.
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. 151 The whole alimentary Duct, quite down to the Anus.
1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 327 (margin) The treatment of wounds of the salival ducts.
1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe III. ix. 69 Eustachius had observed the thoracic duct in a horse.
1845–6 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. I. 210 The capillary system surrounding the biliary ducts.
1864 T. Holmes Syst. Surg. IV. 680 Duct-cysts. Perfectly closed cysts..but having an opening communicating with a duct.
1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) v. 131 The neck by which a gland communicates with the free surface is called its duct.
1889 Lancet 21 Dec. 1278/1 In duct cancer of the breast he had not observed eczematous appearances.
1910 Practitioner Apr. 469 When a duct-papilloma obstructs one of the large ducts near the nipple.
1966 G. P. Wright & W. S. Symmers Systemic Pathol. I. xxviii. 982/2 Duct papilloma is considerably less frequent than fibroadenoma.
b. Botany. One of the vessels of the vascular tissue of plants, formed by a row of cells of which the partitions have been obliterated, and containing air, water, or some secretion; spec. the narrow tubular continuous cells surrounding the broad cells or utricles in the leaves of Sphagnum.
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1858 E. Lankester & W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §40 The midrib and veins..consist of three kinds of structure;—ducts or canals, which are supposed to transmit fluid.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 433/1 Ducts, tubular vessels marked by transverse lines or dots.
Draft additions August 2001
duct tape n. [perhaps an alteration of earlier duck tape n. at duck n.3 Additions] originally North American a strong cloth-backed waterproof adhesive tape, originally used for sealing joints in heating and ventilation ducts, and (later) for holding electrical cables securely in place, now in widespread general use esp. to repair, secure, or connect a range of appliances, fixtures, and equipment; cf. gaffer tape n. at gaffer n. Additions.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > adhesive > [noun] > adhesive tape
adhesive tape1887
sticky tape1890
duck tape1899
passepartout1910
durex tape1932
Scotch tape1934
durex1938
Sellotape1949
duct tape1965
1965 Sheboygan (Wisconsin) Press 29 Sept. 32/8 (advt.) Now! A Complete Line Of Tapes At Lowest Prices. Used In The Home, Shop, Office and School. Masking Tape... Cloth Duct Tape... Weatherstripping Tape.
1973 Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrig. News 19 Nov. 17/5 (heading) What's New... Duct tape... Type 96T waterproof, flame retardant cloth tape, which offers adhesion of 50 oz./in., is recommended for duct-work... The tape is constructed of polyethylene film laminated to flame retardant cotton fabric.
1998 On the Edge May 41/1 Duct tape can be used to fix a 'biner or hook to the end and the lead rope can be run through it prior to extension.
Draft additions September 2018
duct flute n. any of various vertical flutes (such as recorders, tin whistles, and flageolets) in which air is blown through a narrow duct in the mouthpiece; (also occasionally) a transverse flute of this kind.Sound is produced when the air blown through the duct strikes against the sharp edge at the base of the instrument's mouth (mouth n. 14b).
ΚΠ
1929 Notes & Queries Anthrop. (ed. 5) ii. 301 Duct-flutes.—End- or transverse-flutes furnished with some kind of duct through which air is automatically directed against the edge of the sound-hole.
1936 Guide Coll. Horniman Mus. & Libr. (ed. 4) 28 The examples of duct-flutes shown include..flageolets and whistle flutes.
1966 Jrnl. Internat. Folk Music Council 18 29 The essential physical feature of the duct flutes consists..in the fact that a plug of wood or some other material has been firmly fitted into the upper end of the tube into which the player blows.
2010 Early Music 38 564/2 In contrast with duct flutes, transverse flutes require an embouchure and are more difficult to master.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
ductv.
/dʌkt/, U.S. /dək(t)/ transitive. To convey through a duct; usually in the form ducted adj. conveyed through a duct; situated or operating in a duct. Cf. ducting n.
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the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > convey by a channel or medium > through ducts
canalize1886
duct1936
1936 Aircraft Engin. VIII. 218/3 The ideal efficiency of the ducted radiator at high speed is about 50 per cent greater.
1938 Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 20/2 Ducted cooling has been developed sufficiently to recover..more than one half of the radiator losses.
1945 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 39 698/1 The ducted fan system of propulsion, as we understand it to-day, consists of a fairly large diameter ducted fan or axial compressor of relatively low compression ratio at the intake to the nacelle.
1945 ‘Electr. Engineer’ Ref. Bk. xxvi. 7 Ducted cables are screened by the metal box in which they run.
1958 Times Rev. Industry Aug. 39/1 Compressed air is ducted from the compressors..to..pressure jets.
1965 Economist 13 Feb. 670/3 A revolutionary new type of helicopter which uses hot ducted turbine exhaust gases to drive the rotor blades through tip vents.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1650v.1936