| 释义 |
earthnutn. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch erdnote cyclamen (Dutch aardnoot pignut, tuberous pea, now only in sense ‘peanut’), Middle Low German ērtnōte cyclamen, fumitory, kind of tuber, Old High German erdenuz kind of edible subterranean fungus, kind of tuber, cyclamen (Middle High German ertnuz kind of tuber, German Erdnuss kind of tuber, perhaps also ‘cyclamen’, later also ‘tuberous pea’ (16th cent.), ‘pignut’ (1785 or earlier); now only in sense ‘peanut’ (1785 or earlier)) < the Germanic base of earth n.1 + the Germanic base of nut n.1, so called originally (in sense 1) on account of the shape of the plants' tubers; later, in sense 3, on account of the shape of this subterranean fungus, and, in sense 4, on account of the plant's nut-like fruit, which matures underground. Compare earth apple n.The origin of the β. forms is unclear; perhaps the first element is rather to be interpreted as earthy adj. (although this is first attested later; compare especially earthy adj. 3). With the initial glide shown in the γ. forms see discussion at earth n.1 In the γ. and δ. forms the fricative has probably been lost by assimilation in a complex consonant cluster. Earlier currency in sense 2 is probably implied by the following incorrect gloss (compare also note at sense 1):lOE Durham Plant Gloss. 14 Gentiana, eorthnutu uel feldvirt.Old English eorðhnutu here mistakenly glosses Latin gentiana gentian (also correctly glossed feldwyrt), probably after the loss in transmission of a neighbouring lemma orbicularis cyclamen; see P. Bierbaumer Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen (1979) III. 85. Any of various plants or fungi chiefly having edible underground parts. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > earth-nut the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > earth-nut or plant OE Bounds (Sawyer 216) in W. de G. Birch (1887) II. 161 Of þam cumbe in eorðnutena þorn. a1325 in T. Hunt (1989) 168 [Malum Terre] anglice erþenote. a1400 Psalter (Egerton) xvi. 15 in C. Horstmann (1896) II. 147 Fild with ernotes [L. absconditis] are þai ai. 1551 W. Turner sig. D iijv Apios is called also Chamebalanos in greke..and the same semeth to me to be called in Englishe, an ernut, or an erthnut. 1597 J. Gerard ii. 905 Earth Nut, Earth Chestnut, or Kipper Nut. 1688 R. Holme ii. iv. 73 The Earth nuts, or Chest-nuts of the Earth, hath a broader and thicker leaf then Fennel, the Umbels white Flowers. 1725 R. Bradley at Sallet Earth-Nuts, when the Rind is pared off, are eaten raw by Country People. 1781 Aug. 386/1 The eldest son of the Rev. Mr. Kirkpatrick..gathered..a number of the roots of Hemlock Dropwort, which he believed were Earth-nuts. 1850 3 260 The children eat the tubercles under the name of earth-nuts. 1866 9 242 The tuber..is sought after by children of the Wiltshire peasantry under the name of Earth-nut or Earth-chestnut, from its resemblance to the latter fruit in flavour. 1923 10 Aug. 11/6 Hereabouts, with fine-cut leaves and heads of blossom like cow-parsley, grow earth-nuts or pig nuts—Caliban's dainties. a1933 J. A. Thomson (1934) II. 1181 Cow-parsnip, hemlock, chervil, earthnut, alexanders are wild in England. 2004 L. Fallows I. 59 Pignut... Earthnut, Stinky Lips... Conopodium majus. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > reedy or aquatic grasses > [noun] > sedges > Cyperus or English galingale c1300 in T. Hunt (1989) 80 [Ciclamen] anglice eorþenote. a1400 (Selden) 134 Panis porcinus, ciclamen, malum terre idem, dilnote uel erthenote. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Paris) (1971) 394 Þe iuse of erþe note [L. ciclaminis]. 1523 in T. Hunt (1989) 72 [Cassamus] anglice erth-apples or erth-nottys or wyld dyll. 1725 R. Bradley Gesse, a plant of which there are two sorts, one..cultivated..and the other the wild one in Latin Chamælalanus, called by some Earth-Nut. 1867 W. T. Brande (new ed.) I. 738/2 Earthnuts... In England the name is given to the tuberous root of Bunium flexuosum;..in other countries to similar pods produced by the genera Voandzeia, Amphicarpæa, &c.; or to the small tubers of Cyperaceous plants. 1906 (Royal Bot. Gardens, Kew) No. 3. 606/2 The Bambarra earth-nut long ago found its way into Brazil where it has passed under the name of Angolan mandubi or earth-nut. 1980 21 96 Voandzeia [subterranea]..is possibly indigenous to West Africa, where it is commonly known as the earthnut. 1996 29 July ii. 5/4 We drink thick glasses of the local speciality, horchata, made from earthnuts. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > fungi > [noun] > truffle the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > mushrooms or edible fungi > truffle or underground fungus c1660 J. Evelyn anno 1644 (1955) II. 158 A dish of Truffles, which is a certaine earth-nut. 1848 III. 606/2 The beech woods in this parish are very productive of the truffle..or underground mushroom, a viand of precious rarity. Dogs used to be trained to hunt for this earth nut. 2007 (Nexis) 26 Sept. (Features) 14 In this group [of mushrooms] are the famed truffles, also called earth nuts, a name that describes its underground habit. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > peanut 1714 J. Petiver in (Royal Soc.) 28 62 Four leaved Earth-Nut. 1849 19 104 Another article for the consumption of the great mass is the earth-nut (arachis hypogæa), which grows in a sandy unproductive soil with little care. 1881 2 June 11/2 The following have been successfully cultivated..—cotton, sugar,..the earth-nut, or arachis, tapioca, mangoes, [etc.]. 1910 G. Massee 567 This plant, Arachis hypogea, known in the West Indies as ‘earth nut’, and in the United States as ‘pea nut’, is often severely injured by Cercospora personata. 1932 A. L. Winton & K. G. B. Winton ii. 497 A native of Brazil, the peanut or earth nut is at once the most remarkable of the legumes in habits and structure. 2002 (B.S.I.) 2/3 Arachis hypogaea L... Arachis (seeds). Earthnut. Groundnut kernel. Peanut... Arachis seed oil. Groundnut oil. Peanut oil. Nut oil. Compounds 1743 307 There is another Earth-nut Pea, called Lathyrus Arvensis tuberoso radice. This grows in Scotland. 1865 G. Bentham I. 230 Earthnut Pea. Lathyrus tuberosus. 1924 W. H. Fitch et al. (ed. 5) 73 Lathyrus tuberosus L. Earth-nut Pea; p[urple]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.OE |
