echinateadj.
/ˈɛkɪneɪt/ 1. Botany. ‘Furnished with numerous rigid hairs, or straight prickles; as the fruit of Castanea vesca’ ( Treasury Bot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [adjective] > pointed projection > prickle
prickling1567
prickled1578
echinated1657
echinate1668
jag-armed1827
echinulate1846
1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 116 Whose outward husk is Echinate and prickly.
1835 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) I. 344 Each grain is echinate.
2. Zoology. Resembling an echinus or sea urchin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [adjective] > relating to or resembling sea-urchin
echinal1830
echinate1846
1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 230 The spiniform teeth which give the echinate character to this species.
Derivatives
echinato-ˈdentate adj. Zoology having toothlike prickles or spines.
ΚΠ
1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 173 Exterior..echinato-dentate.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
echinatev.
/ˈɛkɪneɪt/ 1. intransitive. To set up one's prickles like a hedgehog; in quot. 1792 figurative.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > be or become irritated [verb (intransitive)]
enchafec1380
fume and chafec1522
chafe1525
to fret and fume1551
rankle1582
to lose patience, one's temper1622
pique1664
to have no patience with1682
ruffle1719
to be out of the way (with)1740
echinate1792
nettle1810
to get one's dander up1831
to set up one's jay-feathers1880
hackle1935
to get off one's bike1939
1792 ‘A. Pasquin’ Children of Thespis (rev. ed.) iii. 243 When Merit exhibits his guinea-gorg'd purse, They'll echinate, redden and tacitly curse.
2. transitive. Of a sponge spicule: to project from (the fibre) at an acute angle.
ΚΠ
1882 [see echinating adj. at Derivatives].
1900 E. R. Lankester Treat. Zool. II. 140 The spicules so placed are said to ‘echinate’ the fibre.
Derivatives
ˈechinating adj.
ΚΠ
1882 Cassell's Nat. Hist. VI. 328 The skeleton is..composed of chief spicules lying parallel to form a fibre, which is spined by other (echinating) spicules projecting from it.
1940 L. H. Hyman Invertebrates I. vi. 347 Spongin fibers may have both enclosed (‘coring’) and echinating spicules.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2019).
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adj.1668v.1792