electroden.
/ᵻˈlɛktrəʊd/, U.S. /əˈlɛktroʊd/, /iˈlɛktroʊd/ a. A conductor by means of which an electric current is made to enter or leave an object, substance, or region. Cf. anode n., cathode n.control, needle, pad, reference electrode, etc.: see the first element.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > transmission of electricity, conduction > connection, contact > [noun] > electrode
electrode1833
rheophore1863
control electrode1913
microelectrode1917
paddle1957
1833 M. Faraday Diary 17 Dec. (1990) II. 178 Deuto chloride of tin passed off from the P. Electrode and Metallic tin was rendered at the N. Electrode.
1834 M. Faraday in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 124 78 In place of the term pole I propose using that of Electrode, and I mean thereby that substance, or rather surface..which bounds the extent of the decomposing matter in the direction of the electric current.
1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Introd. Atomic Theory (ed. 2) vii. 207 The same wire, if made the positive electrode of the galvanic battery, is not acted upon by the acid.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 102 This plate forms one of the electrodes or entrances by which the electricity reaches the liquid (otherwise called the poles).
1946 V. N. Wood Metall. Materials xi. 307 An arc is formed between two tungsten electrodes carried in a holder in the form of a torch.
1971 Galaxy Mag. Mar. 148/1 The old cyborg op couldn't care less. He had electrode jacks all over his skull and his knuckles sprouting wires.
2003 S. Greenfield Tomorrow's People (2004) iii. 64 Recording wires inside the glass electrode can now pick up signals from the neurons, and transmit those signals on through the skin to a receiver and amplifier outside the scalp.
b. Engineering. In arc welding: the conductor from which the arc arises, and which in some forms of welding also supplies the filler material for the weld; (also) each of two conductors between which the arc is formed.
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1921 Automobile Engineer 11 108/1 Seam welding..can be adopted with advantage when a tight joint is required.., a seam welder differing from a spot welder mainly in that roller electrodes are used instead of the pointed electrodes.
1958 Engineering 11 Apr. 478/2 Automatic machines utilising..continuous electrodes were employed for the automatic welding of the vessel.
1971 B. Scharf Engin. & its Lang. xi. 113 Seam welding electrodes are round discs which revolve as the plates to be joined pass between them.
2006 Factory Equipm. News (Austral.) (Nexis) Nov. Some arc electrodes would weld more readily through rust than would MIG welding applications.
Compounds
C1.
electrode holder n.
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1859 Patents for Inventions: Abridgm. Specif. Electr. & Magn. 127 The lower electrode holder has a long screw cut on its lower portion.
1936 Discovery July 221/1 A ferruled electrode holder of the clamp type.
2005 Macon (Georgia) Tel. (Nexis) 10 Apr. Chest braced against an angle iron, his gloved left hand gripping an electrode holder, Whatley is arc-welding a vertical bead.
electrode material n.
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1889 U.S. Patent 400,226 1/2 My invention has for its object, first, the making of an electrode possessing the largest possible surface area with a given quantity of electrode material.
2000 Science 4 Feb. 836/2 Electrical actuators were made from films of dielectric elastomers..coated on both sides with compliant electrode material.
electrode efficiency n.
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1911 U.S. Patent 999,720 3/1 By the electrode efficiency is meant the ratio of the energy set free in the interior of the furnace, that is, between the hot ends of the two electrodes, divided by the total energy between the two cold ends.
2002 Design News (Nexis) 7 Jan. 72 The electrode efficiency in the Toronto-based company's proton electron membrane (PEM) fuel cells allows it to produce a 100W hand-held fuel cell for portable equipment.
C2.
electrode potential n. Physical Chemistry the potential of an electrode of a given element in contact with an electrolyte; spec. one measured relative to that of a standard electrode (usually a hydrogen electrode) under standard conditions.
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1901 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 80 ii. 2 (heading) Electrode potentials.
1931 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 123 742 The electrode potentials of pearlitic steels of various carbon contents..were also measured.
1944 S. Field Princ. Electrodeposition (new ed.) xiii. 167 Two of these electrode potentials, or ‘single’ potentials as they are sometimes called, contribute to the e.m.f. of the Daniell cell.
2004 Aircraft Maintenance Technol. (Nexis) May Because the aluminum has a higher electrode potential than the stainless steel its corrosion rate will be accelerated.
Derivatives
eˈlectrodeless adj. having no electrodes, operating without electrodes.
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1893 Proc. Physical Soc. 12 3 Fig. 1, a, b represents a partially exhausted electrodeless tube, placed in a uniform electric field.
1899 Daily News 29 June 6/5 The electrode-less or ring discharge in various gases.
1953 K. J. Hume & G. H. Sharp Pract. Metrol. (1965) ii. xliii. 226 A mercury-198 cold-cathode or electrodeless lamp may be provided.
2005 Process Engin. (Nexis) 31 Jan. 33 The key to the range is a high performance photometer with a long-life electrodeless discharge lamp.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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