ambagen.

Brit.

/ˈambɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈæmbɪdʒ/

Inflections: Plural ambages Brit.

/amˈbeɪdʒiːz/,

/amˈbeɪdʒᵻz/,

/ˈambɪdʒᵻz/, U.S.

/æmˈbeɪdʒiz/,

/æmˈbeɪdʒᵻz/,

/ˈæmbɪdʒᵻz/.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French ambage; Latin ambāgēs.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French ambage (chiefly in plural; French ambage ) circumlocution, long-winded speech (a1250 or earlier in Anglo-Norman; a1359 in continental French), circumvention, avoidance (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), (in plural) detours, twists and turns (1546 in Rabelais in an apparently isolated attestation), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin ambāgēs, plural (rarely singular) roundabout or circuitous path, meanderings, roundabout or circuitous movement, long and involved process, tortuous scheme, circumlocution, digression, evasion, enigmatic behaviour, mental confusion or uncertainty < amb- round, about (see ambi- prefix) + agere to drive (see act v.).Compare Catalan ambages (15th cent.), Spanish ambages (a1550), Portuguese ambages (1554), Italian ambage (a1321), plural nouns. In quot. a1413 probably via Italian ambage (plural noun), which occurs in Chaucer's apparent proximate Italian source, Boccaccio's Filostrato. Historical variation in pronunciation. The pronunciation of the plural form with first-syllable stress is attested from at least the 16th cent. Due to its literary character, the word was in later use usually apprehended as a borrowing purely from Latin, and hence an alternative pronunciation of the plural form developed with stress on the second syllable. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ·mbėdʒėz, or as L. æ̆mbēⁱ·dʒīz) /ˈæmbɪdʒɪz/, or as L. /æmˈbeɪdʒiːz/, remarking that the latter pronunciation is increasingly current.

Chiefly literary in later use. Now rare.Frequently in plural (occasionally with singular agreement; see e.g. quot. 1669 at sense 1).

I. Senses relating to language.

1. Evasive or misleading language; equivocation, verbal trickery or deception. Also as a count noun: an example of this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > [noun] > expression containing

amphibologyc1374

ambagea1413

ambiguity1583

ambiguea1592

amphibole1606

amphiboly1610

equivoque1614

dilogy1656

double entendre1673

amphilogy1731

amphibologism1813

equivocality1830

double entente1895

left-hander1920

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > in speech

ambagea1413

boutgate1591

fallaciloquence1656

evasivea1734

sidestepping1902

non-speak1960

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) v. l. 897 Yf Calkas lede vs with ambages [It. ambage], That is to seyn with dowble wordes sleye.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 859/1 Without ambages & sophistication of wordes.

1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I iii. x. 108 An Ambages of words is very deceitful.

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) i. ii. ⁋26. 43 Factious polemic Tricks, Ambages, and treacherous Counsels.

1857 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. II. 415 He commenced by a few politic ambages, or—to speak more plainly—lies.

1895 P. Jones Pobratim i. 2 The barber..had tried craftily and with many an ambage to get at the information we were all so anxious to know.

1998 P. B. Taylor Chaucer Translator v. 72 Chaucer's apology is..a brilliantly contrived and multilayered piece of ambage.

†2. Obscure, esoteric, or incomprehensible language; (deliberate) vagueness. Also: an example of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > unintelligibility > depth, obscurity > [noun] > instance of

subtletya1387

obscurity1495

difficulty?1504

ambage1520

profundities1582

abstrusity1632

concavity1650

mysterious1836

oracularity1840

Pickwickianism1860

in-reference1967

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > obscurity > [noun] > vagueness or inexplicitness

ambage1520

vagueness1799

imprecision1803

inexplicitness1869

impreciseness1907

1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria f. 1^v Tendre wittis with suche darke ambage be made as dull as a betle.

1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana Contents sig. c2 Aristotles Definition of Light, a meer Ambage, and incomprehensible.

1713 G. Berkeley Three Dialogues Hylas & Philonous iii. 131 To use some Ambages, and Ways of Speech not common.

a1846 A. De Vere in C. D. Warner et al. Libr. World's Best Lit. (1896) XI. 4611 Vague ambages and witless ecstasies Avail not.

3. Digressive or long-winded speech or writing; circumlocution; verbiage. Frequently: an example of this, a digression.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > periphrasis or circumlocution

circumlocution?1518

ambage1532

periphrasis1533

circuition1542

circuit1552

notation1555

compassing1580

periphrase1589

ambush1601

encompassment1604

circumambulation1606

circling1623

perambulationa1652

roundaboutness1810

roundaboutation1812

ambagiosity1819

circumambulating1837

peripherization1926

1532 L. Cox Art or Crafte Rhetoryke sig. B.vii^v We must promyse that we wyl nat vse great ambages, or to go..rounde about the bussh, but to be short and playne.

1607 T. Dekker Whore of Babylon sig. G^v Ya're ful of Ambage: I answere as my spirits leade me, thus.

1678 A. Behn Sir Patient Fancy v. i. 73 Without more Ambages Sir, I have consider'd your former desires, and have consented to marry him.

1724 W. Warburton Misc. Transl. 121 I..shall tell him, without more Ambage, the plain Matter of Fact.

1822 C. Lloyd Duke d'Ormond iv. iii. 239 Come! To the point. Why all these ambages?—A plain tale ever may be plainly told.

1872 ‘J. Larwood’ London Parks II. viii. 189 Lord Holderness, after many ambages, acquainted the King with this terrible fact.

2010 J. B. Altman Improbability of Othello vii. 211 The alleged misdeed having been lost in these verbal ambages.

†4. Rhetoric. A figure of speech in which a meaning is expressed by several words instead of by few or one; = periphrasis n. 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. iv. 24 Tedious ambage and long periods.

II. A path, a way, and related senses.

5. A winding, circuitous course, way, or path; (in plural) labyrinthine ways; twists and turns. Also (and in earliest use) in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > indirectness of course > moving in winding course > instance of or a winding course

windinga1387

anfractus?a1425

ambage1537

crank1572

error1594

indenture1598

maze1598

meander1631

circumvolution1633

anfracture1657

1537 tr. Erasmus Expos. xv. Psalme sig. E.vii The wycked do walke in a circuyte or ambage.

a1640 T. Risdon Chorograph. Descr. Devon (1714) 70 Of this Stream, the Head is distant seven Miles; but in its Ambage by Hills, and through Dales,..is become the Travel of twenty Miles.

1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 373 You will find it, through the windings and ambages, eight, or perhaps nine miles.

1884 Papers Manch. Literary Club 10 159 Very abundant are some of the above hostelries in long, dark passages, the ambages of which you might hesitate to explore.

1915 W. N. P. Barbellion Jrnl. 1 Aug. (1919) 209 It is impossible to set down here all the labyrinthine ambages of my will and feelings in regard to this event.

1993 ‘A. Burgess’ Dead Man in Deptford (2003) i. 71 A city of monstrous size to which London was but a market town. Its ambages of streets bewildered.

6. An indirect, roundabout, or involved process, practice, or proceeding; esp. one which causes a delay or complication.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] > delaying tactics

ambage1546

stall off1819

delaying tactic1867

waiting race1868

waiting game1890

foot-dragging1947

1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke iv. iv. f. 87^v When a Byshop was consecrated ther was used no other rytes or ambages.

1608 Epit. E. Stanhope (single sheet) Death did the ambage of the cause decide.

1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 65 The Ambages of Law Suits.

1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. iv. 18/2 There should be ambages in such a matter. The man who resolved to commit himself to such a task should come forward with apparent difficulty.

1919 G. Saintsbury Hist. French Novel II. iv. 145 At last, with ambages and minor peripeteias impossible to abstract, it so comes about that [etc.].

2010 ARMINFO News Agency (Nexis) 24 Sept. This initiative will reduce the bureaucratic ambages for entrepreneurs.

7. A secret, mysterious, or incomprehensible act or practice. Formerly also: †a stratagem, a trick (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > [noun] > something concealed, a secret > action

ambage1570

underworking1613

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1062/2 All is done in hugger mugger, & in close corners, by ambages, by couert wayes, and secrete counsailes.

a1626 F. Bacon Theol. Wks. (1838) I. 337 The ways and ambages of God.

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub 220 The other cost me so many Strains, and Traps, and Ambages to introduce.

?1757 G. S. Green Life J. Van II. v. 67 Under the Ambage of this Fugitive the rest of the Rout sheltered their Gold.

1989 Observer 23 July 44/3 It was irrationality, the ambages of the unconscious, that fascinated Bowles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	ambage
释义	ambagen. Brit. /ˈambɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈæmbɪdʒ/ Inflections: Plural ambages Brit. /amˈbeɪdʒiːz/, /amˈbeɪdʒᵻz/, /ˈambɪdʒᵻz/, U.S. /æmˈbeɪdʒiz/, /æmˈbeɪdʒᵻz/, /ˈæmbɪdʒᵻz/. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French ambage; Latin ambāgēs. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French ambage (chiefly in plural; French ambage ) circumlocution, long-winded speech (a1250 or earlier in Anglo-Norman; a1359 in continental French), circumvention, avoidance (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), (in plural) detours, twists and turns (1546 in Rabelais in an apparently isolated attestation), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin ambāgēs, plural (rarely singular) roundabout or circuitous path, meanderings, roundabout or circuitous movement, long and involved process, tortuous scheme, circumlocution, digression, evasion, enigmatic behaviour, mental confusion or uncertainty < amb- round, about (see ambi- prefix) + agere to drive (see act v.).Compare Catalan ambages (15th cent.), Spanish ambages (a1550), Portuguese ambages (1554), Italian ambage (a1321), plural nouns. In quot. a1413 probably via Italian ambage (plural noun), which occurs in Chaucer's apparent proximate Italian source, Boccaccio's Filostrato. Historical variation in pronunciation. The pronunciation of the plural form with first-syllable stress is attested from at least the 16th cent. Due to its literary character, the word was in later use usually apprehended as a borrowing purely from Latin, and hence an alternative pronunciation of the plural form developed with stress on the second syllable. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ·mbėdʒėz, or as L. æ̆mbēⁱ·dʒīz) /ˈæmbɪdʒɪz/, or as L. /æmˈbeɪdʒiːz/, remarking that the latter pronunciation is increasingly current. Chiefly literary in later use. Now rare.Frequently in plural (occasionally with singular agreement; see e.g. quot. 1669 at sense 1). I. Senses relating to language. 1. Evasive or misleading language; equivocation, verbal trickery or deception. Also as a count noun: an example of this. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > [noun] > expression containing amphibologyc1374 ambagea1413 ambiguity1583 ambiguea1592 amphibole1606 amphiboly1610 equivoque1614 dilogy1656 double entendre1673 amphilogy1731 amphibologism1813 equivocality1830 double entente1895 left-hander1920 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > in speech ambagea1413 boutgate1591 fallaciloquence1656 evasivea1734 sidestepping1902 non-speak1960 a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) v. l. 897 Yf Calkas lede vs with ambages [It. ambage], That is to seyn with dowble wordes sleye. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 859/1 Without ambages & sophistication of wordes. 1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I iii. x. 108 An Ambages of words is very deceitful. a1734 R. North Examen (1740) i. ii. ⁋26. 43 Factious polemic Tricks, Ambages, and treacherous Counsels. 1857 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. II. 415 He commenced by a few politic ambages, or—to speak more plainly—lies. 1895 P. Jones Pobratim i. 2 The barber..had tried craftily and with many an ambage to get at the information we were all so anxious to know. 1998 P. B. Taylor Chaucer Translator v. 72 Chaucer's apology is..a brilliantly contrived and multilayered piece of ambage. †2. Obscure, esoteric, or incomprehensible language; (deliberate) vagueness. Also: an example of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > unintelligibility > depth, obscurity > [noun] > instance of subtletya1387 obscurity1495 difficulty?1504 ambage1520 profundities1582 abstrusity1632 concavity1650 mysterious1836 oracularity1840 Pickwickianism1860 in-reference1967 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > obscurity > [noun] > vagueness or inexplicitness ambage1520 vagueness1799 imprecision1803 inexplicitness1869 impreciseness1907 1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria f. 1^v Tendre wittis with suche darke ambage be made as dull as a betle. 1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana Contents sig. c2 Aristotles Definition of Light, a meer Ambage, and incomprehensible. 1713 G. Berkeley Three Dialogues Hylas & Philonous iii. 131 To use some Ambages, and Ways of Speech not common. a1846 A. De Vere in C. D. Warner et al. Libr. World's Best Lit. (1896) XI. 4611 Vague ambages and witless ecstasies Avail not. 3. Digressive or long-winded speech or writing; circumlocution; verbiage. Frequently: an example of this, a digression. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > periphrasis or circumlocution circumlocution?1518 ambage1532 periphrasis1533 circuition1542 circuit1552 notation1555 compassing1580 periphrase1589 ambush1601 encompassment1604 circumambulation1606 circling1623 perambulationa1652 roundaboutness1810 roundaboutation1812 ambagiosity1819 circumambulating1837 peripherization1926 1532 L. Cox Art or Crafte Rhetoryke sig. B.vii^v We must promyse that we wyl nat vse great ambages, or to go..rounde about the bussh, but to be short and playne. 1607 T. Dekker Whore of Babylon sig. G^v Ya're ful of Ambage: I answere as my spirits leade me, thus. 1678 A. Behn Sir Patient Fancy v. i. 73 Without more Ambages Sir, I have consider'd your former desires, and have consented to marry him. 1724 W. Warburton Misc. Transl. 121 I..shall tell him, without more Ambage, the plain Matter of Fact. 1822 C. Lloyd Duke d'Ormond iv. iii. 239 Come! To the point. Why all these ambages?—A plain tale ever may be plainly told. 1872 ‘J. Larwood’ London Parks II. viii. 189 Lord Holderness, after many ambages, acquainted the King with this terrible fact. 2010 J. B. Altman Improbability of Othello vii. 211 The alleged misdeed having been lost in these verbal ambages. †4. Rhetoric. A figure of speech in which a meaning is expressed by several words instead of by few or one; = periphrasis n. 1. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. iv. 24 Tedious ambage and long periods. II. A path, a way, and related senses. 5. A winding, circuitous course, way, or path; (in plural) labyrinthine ways; twists and turns. Also (and in earliest use) in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > indirectness of course > moving in winding course > instance of or a winding course windinga1387 anfractus?a1425 ambage1537 crank1572 error1594 indenture1598 maze1598 meander1631 circumvolution1633 anfracture1657 1537 tr. Erasmus Expos. xv. Psalme sig. E.vii The wycked do walke in a circuyte or ambage. a1640 T. Risdon Chorograph. Descr. Devon (1714) 70 Of this Stream, the Head is distant seven Miles; but in its Ambage by Hills, and through Dales,..is become the Travel of twenty Miles. 1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 373 You will find it, through the windings and ambages, eight, or perhaps nine miles. 1884 Papers Manch. Literary Club 10 159 Very abundant are some of the above hostelries in long, dark passages, the ambages of which you might hesitate to explore. 1915 W. N. P. Barbellion Jrnl. 1 Aug. (1919) 209 It is impossible to set down here all the labyrinthine ambages of my will and feelings in regard to this event. 1993 ‘A. Burgess’ Dead Man in Deptford (2003) i. 71 A city of monstrous size to which London was but a market town. Its ambages of streets bewildered. 6. An indirect, roundabout, or involved process, practice, or proceeding; esp. one which causes a delay or complication. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] > delaying tactics ambage1546 stall off1819 delaying tactic1867 waiting race1868 waiting game1890 foot-dragging1947 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke iv. iv. f. 87^v When a Byshop was consecrated ther was used no other rytes or ambages. 1608 Epit. E. Stanhope (single sheet) Death did the ambage of the cause decide. 1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 65 The Ambages of Law Suits. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. iv. 18/2 There should be ambages in such a matter. The man who resolved to commit himself to such a task should come forward with apparent difficulty. 1919 G. Saintsbury Hist. French Novel II. iv. 145 At last, with ambages and minor peripeteias impossible to abstract, it so comes about that [etc.]. 2010 ARMINFO News Agency (Nexis) 24 Sept. This initiative will reduce the bureaucratic ambages for entrepreneurs. 7. A secret, mysterious, or incomprehensible act or practice. Formerly also: †a stratagem, a trick (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > [noun] > something concealed, a secret > action ambage1570 underworking1613 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1062/2 All is done in hugger mugger, & in close corners, by ambages, by couert wayes, and secrete counsailes. a1626 F. Bacon Theol. Wks. (1838) I. 337 The ways and ambages of God. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub 220 The other cost me so many Strains, and Traps, and Ambages to introduce. ?1757 G. S. Green Life J. Van II. v. 67 Under the Ambage of this Fugitive the rest of the Rout sheltered their Gold. 1989 Observer 23 July 44/3 It was irrationality, the ambages of the unconscious, that fascinated Bowles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1413
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