ambann.

Brit.

/ˈamban/, U.S.

/ˈæmˌbæn/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Manchu. Partly also a borrowing from Russian. Etymons: Manchu amban; Russian amban.

Etymology: < Manchu amban minister, governor ( > Chinese ángbāng , ànbān , etc., Tibetan ʔam-ban ). In early use via Russian amban (1824 in the passage translated in quot. 1827).The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) was of Manchu origin. A forerunner of the Manchu word is already reflected by a separate borrowing into early modern Chinese, ànbǎn (12th or 13th cent.). Compare the following earlier use of the Chinese or Manchu word in an English context (probably also transmitted via Russian):1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. ii. iii. 219 The Chinese give him the title of Amban, which signifies commander in chief.

Now historical.

Under the rule of the Qing dynasty in China: an imperial resident (resident n.¹ 2a) representing Chinese authority in Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, or Inner Mongolia.The first ambans were appointed to Tibet in 1727, and the office continued to exist until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador > resident representative

residencer1541

resident1641

proxenos1794

amban1827

1827 H. E. Lloyd tr. E. F. Timkovskiĭ Trav. Russian Mission Mongolia to China I. iii. 99 The amban announced to the people the order of the emperor of China, to pay to the koutouktou the honours due to his rank.

1894 C. A. Murray Pamirs (ed. 2) I. xxi. 287 The morning after our arrival, we sent our cards (Chinese) by our interpreter to the Amban, informing him of our intention to do ourselves the honour of calling upon him.

1950 L. Petech China & Tibet in Early 18th Cent. xv. 236 There was a senior and a junior amban, but the distinction has been always a purely formal one, both enjoying in point of fact the same authority.

2014 S. Dabringhaus in J. Duindam & S. Dabringhaus Dynastic Centre & Provinces 116 The Qianlong emperor instructed the ambans to interfere directly in the government of Tibet.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	amban
释义	ambann. Brit. /ˈamban/, U.S. /ˈæmˌbæn/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Manchu. Partly also a borrowing from Russian. Etymons: Manchu amban; Russian amban. Etymology: < Manchu amban minister, governor ( > Chinese ángbāng , ànbān , etc., Tibetan ʔam-ban ). In early use via Russian amban (1824 in the passage translated in quot. 1827).The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) was of Manchu origin. A forerunner of the Manchu word is already reflected by a separate borrowing into early modern Chinese, ànbǎn (12th or 13th cent.). Compare the following earlier use of the Chinese or Manchu word in an English context (probably also transmitted via Russian):1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. ii. iii. 219 The Chinese give him the title of Amban, which signifies commander in chief. Now historical. Under the rule of the Qing dynasty in China: an imperial resident (resident n.¹ 2a) representing Chinese authority in Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, or Inner Mongolia.The first ambans were appointed to Tibet in 1727, and the office continued to exist until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador > resident representative residencer1541 resident1641 proxenos1794 amban1827 1827 H. E. Lloyd tr. E. F. Timkovskiĭ Trav. Russian Mission Mongolia to China I. iii. 99 The amban announced to the people the order of the emperor of China, to pay to the koutouktou the honours due to his rank. 1894 C. A. Murray Pamirs (ed. 2) I. xxi. 287 The morning after our arrival, we sent our cards (Chinese) by our interpreter to the Amban, informing him of our intention to do ourselves the honour of calling upon him. 1950 L. Petech China & Tibet in Early 18th Cent. xv. 236 There was a senior and a junior amban, but the distinction has been always a purely formal one, both enjoying in point of fact the same authority. 2014 S. Dabringhaus in J. Duindam & S. Dabringhaus Dynastic Centre & Provinces 116 The Qianlong emperor instructed the ambans to interfere directly in the government of Tibet. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1827
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