ephialtesn.

/ɛfɪˈaltiːz/

Etymology: < Greek ἐϕιάλτης. Usually believed to be agent-noun < *ἐϕιάλλεσθαι, variant of ἐϕάλλεσθαι to leap upon, < ἐπί on + ἄλλεσθαι to leap. But the phonological difficulties are considerable (compare, however, ἐϕίορκος = ἐπίορκος, < ἐπί + ὅρκος); and the synonymous ἠπιαλής, ἐϕέλης, etc. suggest that the word may have been affected by popular etymology.

A demon supposed to cause nightmare; nightmare itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] > nightmare or nocturnal demon

mareeOE

nightmarec1300

witch1440

night fury1552

incubus1561

night spirit1562

hag1598

ephialtes1601

tenebrio1656

night spectre1707

nocturnal1861

witch-riding1883

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > dream > [noun] > nightmare > nightmare itself

ephialtes1601

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 214 The diseases called Ephialtes or Incubus, i.e. the night-Mare.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. xxi. §21. 272 To prevent the Ephialtes or night-Mare we hang up an hallow stone in our stables.

1656 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian Enlarged 296 Such as in their sleep are troubled with the Disease called Ephialtes or Incubus.

1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. 324 Ephialtes, or Night Mare is called by Common People Witch-riding.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

单词	ephialtes
释义	ephialtesn. /ɛfɪˈaltiːz/ Etymology: < Greek ἐϕιάλτης. Usually believed to be agent-noun < ἐϕιάλλεσθαι, variant of ἐϕάλλεσθαι* to leap upon, < ἐπί on + ἄλλεσθαι to leap. But the phonological difficulties are considerable (compare, however, ἐϕίορκος = ἐπίορκος, < ἐπί + ὅρκος); and the synonymous ἠπιαλής, ἐϕέλης, etc. suggest that the word may have been affected by popular etymology. A demon supposed to cause nightmare; nightmare itself. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [noun] > nightmare or nocturnal demon mareeOE nightmarec1300 witch1440 night fury1552 incubus1561 night spirit1562 hag1598 ephialtes1601 tenebrio1656 night spectre1707 nocturnal1861 witch-riding1883 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > dream > [noun] > nightmare > nightmare itself ephialtes1601 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 214 The diseases called Ephialtes or Incubus, i.e. the night-Mare. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. xxi. §21. 272 To prevent the Ephialtes or night-Mare we hang up an hallow stone in our stables. View more context for this quotation 1656 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian Enlarged 296 Such as in their sleep are troubled with the Disease called Ephialtes or Incubus. 1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. 324 Ephialtes, or Night Mare is called by Common People Witch-riding. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2020). < n.1601
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