encephalizationn.

/ɛnˌsɛfəlʌɪˈzeɪʃən/

Etymology: < Greek ἐγκέϕαλος brain + -ization suffix.

An evolutionary increase in the complexity or relative size of the brain; a shift of function from non-cortical parts of the brain to the cortex.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > processes or types of evolution

transmutation1626

substitution1822

subspeciation1826

metamorphosis1835

phytogenesis1847

phytogeny1850

anamorphosis1852

correlation1859

advergence1861

convergence1861

phylogeny1869

ontogeny1872

recapitulation1874

ontogenesis1875

phylogenesis1875

biogenesis1876

abiogenesis1884

anagenesis1889

tachygenesis1893

orthogenesis1895

adaptive radiation1898

speciation1906

microevolution1911

subspeciation1921

raciation1934

orthogenetics1937

encephalization1938

proterogenesis1938

allomorphosis1941

cladogenesis1953

Wallace effect1966

metachromism1968

punctuation1976

speciational evolution1988

tachygen-

1938 J. F. Fulton Physiol. Nerv. Syst. p. viii Owing to greater encephalization, experimental evidence drawn from the primates is more immediately applicable to the human being than that drawn from studies of other mammals.

1940 C. S. Sherrington Man on his Nature 310 What is called ‘encephalization’ is an evolutionary change which is strikingly exemplified in ourselves. It is a shifting of the function in the brain from older and more primitive to newer and more complex parts.

1972 Science 19 May 804/1 A major trend in Cenozoic primate evolution has been the progressive neocortical encephalization.

1976 Sci. Amer. Jan. 95/2 The step from reptiles to mammals required a certain amount of encephalization (approximately a fourfold increase in relative brain size to transform a reptilian polygon into an archaic mammalian polygon).

Draft additions December 2002

encephalization quotient n. Biology the ratio of the actual size of an animal's brain to the size that would be expected for an animal of its weight according to the general scaling pattern of brain size to body weight in related taxa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > ratio of brain size

encephalization quotient1970

1970 H. J. Jerison in Science 11 Dec. 1224/2 We may now define our measure of relative brain size as the encephalization quotient EQ_i for species i, the ratio of its brain size E_i to the expected brain E_e in a living mammal of the same body size P_i.

1981 Sci. Amer. Feb. 95/2 Overall, the encephalization quotient of the pterosaur—the ratio of the volume or weight of its brain to that of the brain of an earthbound reptile of the same size—was relatively large.

1995 Current Anthropol. 36 200 Modern humans have an encephalization quotient..of 4.6 while other primates average 1.9 ± 0.6.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	encephalization
释义	encephalizationn. /ɛnˌsɛfəlʌɪˈzeɪʃən/ Etymology: < Greek ἐγκέϕαλος brain + -ization suffix. An evolutionary increase in the complexity or relative size of the brain; a shift of function from non-cortical parts of the brain to the cortex. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > processes or types of evolution transmutation1626 substitution1822 subspeciation1826 metamorphosis1835 phytogenesis1847 phytogeny1850 anamorphosis1852 correlation1859 advergence1861 convergence1861 phylogeny1869 ontogeny1872 recapitulation1874 ontogenesis1875 phylogenesis1875 biogenesis1876 abiogenesis1884 anagenesis1889 tachygenesis1893 orthogenesis1895 adaptive radiation1898 speciation1906 microevolution1911 subspeciation1921 raciation1934 orthogenetics1937 encephalization1938 proterogenesis1938 allomorphosis1941 cladogenesis1953 Wallace effect1966 metachromism1968 punctuation1976 speciational evolution1988 tachygen- 1938 J. F. Fulton Physiol. Nerv. Syst. p. viii Owing to greater encephalization, experimental evidence drawn from the primates is more immediately applicable to the human being than that drawn from studies of other mammals. 1940 C. S. Sherrington Man on his Nature 310 What is called ‘encephalization’ is an evolutionary change which is strikingly exemplified in ourselves. It is a shifting of the function in the brain from older and more primitive to newer and more complex parts. 1972 Science 19 May 804/1 A major trend in Cenozoic primate evolution has been the progressive neocortical encephalization. 1976 Sci. Amer. Jan. 95/2 The step from reptiles to mammals required a certain amount of encephalization (approximately a fourfold increase in relative brain size to transform a reptilian polygon into an archaic mammalian polygon). Draft additions December 2002 encephalization quotient n. Biology the ratio of the actual size of an animal's brain to the size that would be expected for an animal of its weight according to the general scaling pattern of brain size to body weight in related taxa. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > ratio of brain size encephalization quotient1970 1970 H. J. Jerison in Science 11 Dec. 1224/2 We may now define our measure of relative brain size as the encephalization quotient EQ_i for species i, the ratio of its brain size E_i to the expected brain E_e in a living mammal of the same body size P_i. 1981 Sci. Amer. Feb. 95/2 Overall, the encephalization quotient of the pterosaur—the ratio of the volume or weight of its brain to that of the brain of an earthbound reptile of the same size—was relatively large. 1995 Current Anthropol. 36 200 Modern humans have an encephalization quotient..of 4.6 while other primates average 1.9 ± 0.6. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.1938
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