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单词 exception
释义

exceptionn.

/ɛkˈsɛpʃən/
Forms: Middle English–1600s excepcion, excepcioun, Middle English–1500s excepcyon, 1500s exceptioun, Middle English– exception.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman excepcioun (French exception ), < Latin exceptiōn-em , noun of action < excipĕre to except v.
1.
a. The action of excepting (a person or thing, a particular case) from the scope of a proposition, rule, etc.; the state or fact of being so excepted. Const. from, to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > [noun] > exception
exceptionc1385
out-taking1442
exemptiona1538
exceptinga1626
exceptation1662
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Hypermnestra. 2653 Al ȝoure wille..I shal fulfille So it to me be non confusioun. I nele quod he have non excepcioun.
c1400 Rom. Rose 4087 I shalle defende it..Withouten ony excepcioun Of ech maner condicioun.
1553 R. Horne tr. J. Calvin Certaine Homilies i. sig. Evijv Her js no exception or pretence of prevelege.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 92. ⁋1 I know no Manner of Speaking so offensive as that of giving Praise, and closing it with an Exception.
1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms xi. 94 This exception of women and children from the whole community.
b. The legal maxim, ‘Exception proves (or confirms) the rule in the cases not excepted’ (exceptio probat regulam in casibus non exceptis), which is in its original form an example of sense 1, is commonly quoted as ‘The exception proves the rule’, the noun being interpreted in sense 2.
ΚΠ
1617 S. Collins Epphata to F. T. 100 Indefinites are equivalent to vniversalls especially where one exception being made, it is plaine that all others are thereby cut off, according to the rule Exceptio figit regulam in non exceptis.]
1640 G. Watts tr. F. Bacon Of Advancem. Learning viii. iii. 440 As exception strengthens the force of a Law, in Cases not excepted; so enumeration weakens it, in Cases not enumerated.
1664 J. Wilson Cheats To Rdr. sig. A2v I think I have sufficiently justify'd the Brave man, even by this Reason, That the Exception proves the Rule.
1765 S. Johnson Pref. to Shakespear's Plays p. xxxvii The exception only confirms the rule.
1837 T. P. Thompson Lett. Representative 2nd Ser. 48 With a view of making (according to another of the expressions which I have heretofore found puzzling) one of those exceptions which confirm the rule.
1855 B. Jowett Ess. 468 We may except one solitary instance (an exception which eminently proves the rule).
2.
a. Something that is excepted; a particular case which comes within the terms of a rule, but to which the rule is not applicable; a person or thing that does not conform to the general rule affecting other individuals of the same class. Const. †from, to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > [noun] > exception > an exception
exception1483
fallency1603
exclusion1614
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > [noun] > deviation from rule or standard > one who or that which
exception1483
heteroclite1605
alternative1982
1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton I vj b This rewle is generalle wythout any excepcion.
1534 R. Whittington tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Tullyes Offyces i. sig. C.5 Nothynge is more accommodate..to the nature of man, but it hath many cautyons and excepcyons.
1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes iv. f. 184 Of which rule, neuerthelesse there be diuers exceptions.
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xxiv. 153 Egypt was an exception from the rules of all other countreys.
1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 841 Such rare exceptions, shining in the dark, Prove, rather than impeach, the just remark. View more context for this quotation
1829 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. (1837) I. 280 Only a little exception from the amiable tenor of their conduct.
1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 153 The only exceptions to this gradual diminution of the angle of declination, appear to have taken place in 1834.
1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) ii. 113 The Phenician cities sent forth their fleets. But they were the exception of the world.
b. the exception (predicatively): something abnormal or unusual; contrasted with the rule.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [noun] > quality of being atypical > something unusual
the exception1863
1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. xix. 425 The possession of the gift..was the rule, and not the exception.
1894 N.E.D. at Exception Mod. You occasionally get a comfortable bed; but it is quite the exception.
3. Phrases, partaking of senses 1, 2 to make (an) exception; with (the) exception (of, that); without exception; †in exception to.
ΚΠ
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §34. 43 Of comune, tretis of Astralabie ne make non excepcioun wheyth[er] the mone haue latitude, or non.
c1430 J. Lydgate Compl. Black Knight xxiii He was..without excepcioun, To speke of manhod, oon the best on lyve.
1529 T. More Supplyc. Soulys i. f. xiiii Excepcyon maketh he none, in thys worlde.
1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. (1629) 210 With exception of the crosse.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 140 A Law that obliges all the Subjects without exception.
1735 A. Pope Of Char. of Women 15 Heav'n..Blends, in exception to all gen'ral rules, Your Taste of Follies, with our Scorn of Fools.
1777 J. Priestley Disquis. Matter & Spirit x. 118 Here is no exception made of any part of the man that was not to die.
1778 R. Lowth Isaiah Notes 37 With exception..of certain ugly rings.
1780 E. Burke Speech Bristol previous to Election 10 Promises were made..without any exception or reserve.
1817 S. T. Coleridge Biogr. Lit. (1882) 73 With exception of one or two fundamental ideas.
1829 R. Southey Sir Thomas More II. 300 In exception to the..general course of feeling.
1841 G. Borrow Zincali I. ii. i. 221 All those in Badajoz were very poor, with the exception of one man.
4. Law. [after Latin exceptio in Roman Law; compare except v. 2.] (a) A plea made by a defendant in bar of the plaintiff's action; in Scots Law = defence n. peremptory exception: one tending to the dismissal of the action. dilatory exception: one tending to arrest its progress. declinatory exception: a dilatory exception consisting in a denial of the jurisdiction of the court; (b) an objection made to the ruling of a court in the course of a trial; (c) (in Courts of Equity (obsolete in England since 1875)) an objection by the plaintiff to the defendant's answer as insufficient. Bill of Exceptions: a statement of objections to the ruling or direction of a judge drawn up on behalf of the dissatisfied party, and submitted to a higher court. This procedure still exists in Scotland; in England it was abolished by the Judicature Acts of 1873–5.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun] > enrolment of jury > objection against jurymen
peremptory exception1413
peremptory challenge1530
peremptory1606
principal challenge1702
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > [noun] > a pleading or plea > plea objecting to jurisdiction or competence
exception1413
declinature1639
declinatory1693
declinatory plea1769
c1250 H. de Bracton De Legibus Angliæ v. v. i Sciendum quod exceptio est actionis elisio per quam actio perimitur vel differtur.
1292 Britton ii. xvii. §1 En plusours maneres est ceste assise destourbe que ele ne soit tauntost prise, sicum par excepcioun peremptorie, sicum..et par exceptiouns dilatories.]
1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1859) i. xviii. 19 Were it so that..by thyn excepcyon I personelly shold not be herde in thys present Court.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxvv Hauing no exception, they were caried to Paris.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus i. f. 15 Charge him compeir..[With] exceptionis, and causis defensall (Gif he sic hes) that may himself supple.
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland in Wks. (1862) V. 323 [A fellon] may have fifty-six exceptions peremptory against the jurors.
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 397 The Defendant makes his Exception to the Indictment, because he did not call him Ἀνδροϕόνον, which was the Word that was penal by Law.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 676 The first part of it was an exception to the authority of the Court.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 372 This bill of exceptions is in the nature of an appeal; examinable..in the next immediate superior court, upon a writ of error.
1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) (at cited word) Generally speaking, everything which one alleges for defending himself, and for eliding the action, is called an exception.
1877 C. C. Langdell Equity Pleading §82 [If the plaintiff thinks the answer insufficient] he must except to it, i.e. specify in writing the parts of the bill which are not sufficiently answered; and thereupon the bill, answer, and exceptions are referred to a master.
5. transferred. (a) A plea tending to evade the force of an opponent's argument. (b) A formal objection (to a proceeding, a person's status or fitness for office, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > objection > [noun] > an objection > formal
exception1562
1562 T. Cooper Answere Def. Truth f. 2v, in Apol. Priuate Masse Men that make exception to his possession, and claime the right therof them selues.
1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 4 a That these ill Hus-band-men the Iewes, should haue no credible or trueth~like exception left them (that they tooke him for a counterfeit).
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. ii. 25 'Tis positiue against all exceptions..That..our Pesants..were enow To purge this field of such a hilding Foe.
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §25 I cannot but wonder with what exceptions the Samaritans could confine their beliefe to the Pentateuch. View more context for this quotation
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1663 (1955) III. 362 The Chapell dores..were then set-open for any to enter, & give their exceptions.
1689 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 266 More time should have been allowed for their appearing to make their Exceptions.
6.
a. Objection, demur, faultfinding; an instance of this, an objection, adverse criticism, complaint. Obsolete or archaic except in phrases: see 7.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > objection > [noun]
objectionc1410
reprobation?c1500
protesting1582
demurring1593
exceptance1603
exceptiona1604
demur1639
demurral1808
demurrage1822
objectation1886
nay-saying1893
a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 17 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Many exceptions were made against them.
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 4 To expose themselues to many exceptions and cauillations.
1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 143 Diogenes presently gaue it to his sweetheart Lysiodos, and shee without exception ware it.
1662 P. Gunning Paschal or Lent-Fast 1 The Pharisees..came to our Saviour, and by way of exception said, ‘Why do the disciples of John..fast?’
1667 S. Pepys Diary 18 Feb. (1974) VIII. 72 Sir Ch. Sidlys exceptions against both words and pronouncing was very pretty.
1678 tr. A. de Courtin Rules Civility (rev. ed.) v. 43 Fooling..which produces exception and quarrels many times.
1738 T. Birch Life Milton in J. Milton Wks. I. 18 The Exception to Milton's Piety relates to his being a Protestant.
1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 57 It being..unreasonable, that the lord should extend his protection to a person to whom he had exceptions.
b. Dislike, dissatisfaction. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > dislike > [noun]
loathc1175
unlikinga1398
mislovinga1500
scunner?a1513
misliking1563
recess1567
mislikea1569
quarrel1579
underliking1581
ill liking1586
disaffection1599
dyspathy1603
exception1604
aversation1612
disrelish1613
unrelishness1615
misaffection1621
averseness1622
distastefulnessa1625
disaffectedness1625
disrelishing1692
eloinmenta1763
unwantedness1955
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 177 What I haue done That might your nature, honor, and exception Roughly awake, I heare proclame was madnesse. View more context for this quotation
c. A ground of objection; something that is or may be objected to. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] > ground of objection
exception1633
1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 110 The disciples made no open complaint of this their exception, and scandall.
1645 Direct. Lords & Com. 2 [For the election of Elders], In case no just exception, shall be proued against him.
c1665 L. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1973) 138 Having no exceptions against the Governor in his owne person.
7. Phrases belonging to sense 6.
a. above exception, beyond exception, †greater than exception, without (all) exception: above, etc., cavil, reproach, or suspicion.
ΚΠ
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 32 She that is veraily withoute ony excepcion.
1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 48 A grand Witnesse of their own, greater than exception.
1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. vii. 171 I produce two witnesses beyond exception.
1710 G. Berkeley Treat. Princ. Human Knowl. §10 Demonstrate beyond all exception.
1780 E. Burke Speech Bristol previous to Election 32 He is a witness without exception.
b. liable to exception, open to exception, subject to exception.
ΚΠ
1658 J. Bramhall Consecration Protestant Bishops Justified viii. 156 An Adversaries Testimony..is subject to exception and makes no full proofe.
1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) 147 A declaration..which in some parts of it is liable to exception.
1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. Pref. p. x The treatise of Nathaniel Bacon, itself open to much exception.
1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism vi. 255 Motion..liable to the most serious exception.
1850 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces (ed. 2) 74 The applications I have made of these terms may be open to some exception.
c. to take (an) exception (exceptions) against, at exception, †of exception, to exception, †unto exception: to make objection to, find fault with, disapprove; also (chiefly with at), to take offence at. Formerly sometimes without preposition, to take (an) exception: to make (an) objection, to object or complain (that).Now only with the object an action, statement, quality, etc., not a person or material thing.
ΚΠ
1542 King Henry VIII Declar. Causes Warre Scottis 204 The Scottis wyl take exception to the homages of theyr prynces.
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. f. 24 If any man take exception, and say, etc.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. vii. 13 Not able..to take any strong exception against.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) v. ii. 3 Th... What saies Siluia to my suit? Pro. Oh Sir..she take exceptions at your person.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. ii. i. i. 306 Galen takes exception at mutton.
a1680 J. Bargrave Pope Alexander VII (1867) i. vii. 15 They took exceptions of the quality of Illustrissimo.
1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test. Mark ii. 12 The Exception which the Scribes took against our Saviour.
1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xii. 238 There were not two Persons..who did not take some exception to it.
1715 T. Bennet Ess. 39 Articles 215 The animadvertor's stationer taketh exception, that I have printed all his book.
1822 Edinb. Rev. No. 74. 361 We must, as good Presbyterians take an exception to..the assertion.
1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. iv. 116 Some of the more haughty of the aristocracy did take exception at his neglecting to raise his cap to them.
1868 M. E. Grant Duff Polit. Surv. 190 Exception has..been taken to these figures.
8. Used for acception n. Cf. except v. 6.
ΚΠ
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xx. 24 Forsothe bi excepcioun of persone he shal leese hymself.
1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue A iv b With the sweat of thy face thou shalt eate they bread..And this without exception of persons.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

exceptionv.

Etymology: < exception n. (Anglo-Norman had excepcioner in sense 1).
Obsolete. rare.
1. intransitive. To lodge or state an exception.
ΚΠ
1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 90 There is no demurring, or exceptioning against his testimony.
2. transitive. To except (in quot. 1845 present participle used absol.: cf. excepting prep. 1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclude [verb (transitive)] > except
to take outc1175
out-takec1390
outnima1400
excludec1400
outcepta1470
reserve1523
except1530
exempt1548
to put by1594
abate1598
exemea1600
bate1619
rescinda1687
to tell out1812
to tell out of ——1812
exception1845
1845 Hobbes's Wks. VII. 290 He was the worst geometrician of all mortal men, not exceptioning [1656 excepting] so much as Orontius.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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