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单词 exclusion
释义

exclusionn.

/ɛkˈskluːʒən/
Etymology: < Latin exclusiōn-em, noun of action < exclūdĕre : see exclude v.
The action of excluding in various senses.
1.
a. Shutting from a place, a society, etc., debarring from privilege, omitting from a category, from consideration, etc.; an instance of the same.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > [noun] > keeping or shutting out
shuttingc1440
non-admission1575
excluding1581
exclusion1614
disclusion1656
keeping1835
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > [noun] > exclusion from a category, etc.
exclusion1614
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > [noun] > exception > an exception
exception1483
fallency1603
exclusion1614
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. vi. §7. 94 The most high God is also an infinite God, not only by exclusion of place, but by the dignitie of nature.
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 93 To haue the disposing of the Marriage of Britaine with an exception and exclusion, that he should not marry her himselfe.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §318 All exclusion of open Air..maintaineth the Body in his first freshness.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 525 To dare The Fiend..or aggravate His sad exclusion from the dores of Bliss. View more context for this quotation
1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa iii. ii. 276 There were 32 Cardinals in the Conclave for the Election of that person, and twenty for his Exclusion.
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. iv. 49 Solidity consists in repletion, and so an utter Exclusion of other Bodies out of the space it possesses.
1698 Mem. E. Ludlow (1751) I. 14 An Act for the exclusion of the Bishops out of the House of Lords.
a1732 F. Atterbury Serm. Several Occas. (1734) I. 126 Their Exclusion from Offices and Honours.
1791 E. Burke Appeal New to Old Whigs 28 I cannot be of opinion, that by his [sc. Burke's] exclusion they have had any loss at all.
1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. viii. 188 Cromwell was wont to invest his meaning..in such a mist of words, surrounding it with so many exclusions and exceptions.
a1859 J. Austin Lect. Jurispr. (1879) II. xlix. 832 That [mode of property]..which implies the largest power of user and exclusion.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. iii. iii. 619 The..exclusion of the female line..from succession to fiefs in England.
b. Phrases, †in exclusion of, to; to the exclusion of.
ΚΠ
1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 87 Establishing this Method of sheathing, in Exclusion to all that had been till then used in the Navy.
1716 J. Addison Freeholder No. 5 To the Exclusion of all common Humanity to Strangers.
1774 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. (1876) v. 391 I take this study in aid and not in exclusion of the other.
1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. iii. 15 He spoke in the singular number, to the express exclusion of Eugene.
1871 B. Stewart Heat (ed. 2) §116 Two vessels entirely filled with water and vapour of water to the exclusion of air or any other gas.
c. bill of exclusion, Exclusion Bill: a bill brought before parliament in the reign of Charles II (1679) for excluding or preventing James, Duke of York, the king's brother, from succeeding to the crown, on the ground of his being a Roman Catholic. So Exclusion Parliament.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > English or British parliament > [noun] > a particular English or British parliament
parliamenta1513
Unlearned Parliament1643
Exclusion Parliament1700
Parliament of bats1875
Parliament of Dunces1889
1700 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) IV. 667 Sir William Williams, speaker of the exclusion parliaments in the reign of King Charles the 2d, is dead.
1729 J. Bramston Art Politicks 15 When the Exclusion-Bill was in suspense.
1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. II. xii. 300 The bill of exclusion was drawn with as much regard to the inheritance of the duke of York's daughters as they could reasonably demand.
1872 J. S. Brewer Stuarts in Eng. Stud. (1881) 197 Halifax had spoken with great energy against the Exclusion Bill.
Categories »
2. Method or process of Exclusion(s): the process of discovering the cause of a phenomenon, or the solution of a problem, by successively disproving all but one of the conceivable hypotheses. In Mathematics, applied to a method, now obsolete, devised by Frenicle c1666 for solving problems in the Theory of Numbers.
3. The action of putting or thrusting forth from any receptacle; of laying (eggs), hatching (chickens), bringing forth (a fœtus). †Also concrete that which is excluded.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > [noun] > childbirth or delivery
teamOE
childinga1275
birtha1325
childc1330
deliverancea1375
childbearinga1400
kindlinga1400
birth-bearingc1426
forthbringing1429
childbirth?a1450
parturitya1450
bearinga1500
delivery1548
parture1588
infantment1597
puerpery1602
exclusion1646
parturition1646
venter1657
outbirth1691
clecking1815
parturience1822
birthing1928
natural childbirth1933
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > egg(s) > laying eggs
blow?1611
exclusion1646
ovation1656
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [noun] > egg > hatching from egg
disclosinga1513
disclose1548
hatch1622
disclosure1640
extrication1797
exclusion1835–6
hatch-out1895
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. vi. 117 That the..time of the Beares gestation..lasting but a few dayes..the exclusion becomes precipitous..There may..from this narrow time of gestation ensue a minority or smalnesse in the exclusion. View more context for this quotation
1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. v. 17 The strange sagacity of little Insects in choosing fit Places for the Exclusion of their Eggs.
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. 176 The Exclusion of the Fœtus.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 629/2 The larva of the Newt..a few days after its exclusion from the egg.
4. The action of discharging (excrement). Also concrete matter excluded, excrement. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun]
purgationa1387
shitting1386
officec1395
outpassinga1398
subduction?a1425
easementa1438
cuckingc1440
siegea1475
evacuation?1533
stool1541
egestion1547
dunging1558
purging1579
stooling1599
cackc1600
motion1602
dejection1605
excretion1640
exclusion1646
purgament1650
exoneration1651
disenteration1654
orduring1654
crapping1673
passage1681
seat1697
opening1797
defecation1825
excreting1849
poopc1890
movement1891
job1899
shit?1927
crap1937
dump1942
soiling1943
gick1959
jobbie1981
pooh1981
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > faeces > [noun]
gorec725
mixeOE
quedeeOE
turdeOE
dungOE
worthinga1225
dirta1300
drega1300
naturea1325
fen1340
ordurec1390
fimea1475
merd1486
stercory1496
avoidc1503
siegec1530
fex1540
excrement1541
hinder-fallings1561
gong1562
foil1565
voiding1577
pilgrim-salvec1580
egestion1583
shita1585
sir-reverence1592
purgament1597
filinga1622
faecesa1625
exclusion1646
faecality1653
tantadlin1654
surreverence1655
draught1659
excrementitiousness1660
jakes1701
old golda1704
dejection1728
dejecture1731
shitea1733
feculence1733
doll1825
crap1846
excreta1857
excretes1883
hockey1886
dejecta1887
job1899
number two1902
mess1903
ming1923
do1930
tomtit1930
pony1931
No. 21937
dog shit1944
Shinola1944
big job1945
biggie1953
doo-doo1954
doings1957
gick1959
pooh1960
pooh-pooh1962
dooky1965
poopy1970
whoopsie1973
pucky1980
jobbie1981
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. iii 110 The salt and lixiviated serosity..hath but a single descent, by the guts, with the exclusions of the belly.
1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 10 The excrements in the Louse, there reposited just before exclusion.

Compounds

exclusion principle n. Physics the hypothesis that no two particles of the same kind can exist in states designated by the same quantum numbers, found to be true for the particles known as fermions.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > symmetry, conserved properly > [noun] > exclusion principle
Pauli('s) (exclusion) principle1926
exclusion principle1928
1928 Chem. Abstr. 22 4351 (heading) The Pauli exclusion principle.
1930 Physical Rev. 35 580 Pauli's exclusion principle..was stated in the form that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.
1946 J. R. Partington Gen. & Inorg. Chem. x. 257 For an atom containing more than one electron, the maximum number of electrons in each shell is fixed by Pauli's exclusion principle.
1948 Mind 57 539 Broadly speaking, the Exclusion Principle comprises two distinct features concerning the individuality of electrons and their occurrence in atomic systems: (a) electrons are regarded as intrinsically indistinguishable, and (b) in a given atom, no two electrons can occupy the same ‘energy level’.
exclusion zone n. an area into which entry is restricted or prohibited, esp. a maritime zone forbidden to enemy ships.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > [noun] > defined or limited portion of space > a particular extent or region > distinguished by some quality or condition > from which something is excluded
exclosure1920
safety zone1939
exclusion zone1976
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > [noun] > keeping or shutting out > area from which
exclusion zone1976
1976 Power at Sea (Internat. Inst. Strategic Studies) 31/1 The Blue moderates have declared a maritime exclusion zone.
1977 Federal Register (U.S.) 21 Apr. 20781/2Exclusion zone’ means an area surrounding an lng facility in which the operator has the authority..to control all activities..including the exclusion or removal of persons and property.
1982 Peace News 9 July 7/2 At an early stage in the conflict, Britain declared a maritime exclusion zone with a radius of 200 miles from the Falklands.
1985 Financial Times 30 Sept. 3/5 The Vega, a 34-foot Greenpeace ketch.., is just outside the atoll's 12-mile exclusion zone, shadowed by a French naval vessel.

Draft additions 1993

5. An item or eventuality specifically not covered by an insurance policy or other contract; an exclusion clause.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal obligation > [noun] > legal liability > that which is excluded as a liability
exclusion1920
society > law > legal obligation > contract > [noun] > written contract or text of > specific clauses in contract
penalty clause1893
waiver clause1894
exclusion clause1937
exclusion1977
1920 Dominge & Lincoln Fire Insurance (ed. 2) 211 Exclusions, certain portions or kinds of property permitted by the companies to be excluded from the cover of their policies.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XV. 919/2 Exclusions most commonly found are those avoiding liability where: (1) passengers are transported for a consideration; [etc.].
1977 Lancashire Life Mar. 101/1 The kind of fine print usually reserved for package holiday exclusions.
1990 Which? Apr. 195/3 Exclusions can be added to your policy after you've taken it out.

Draft additions 1993

exclusion clause n. a clause in a contract disclaiming liability for something (cf. sense Compounds above).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal obligation > contract > [noun] > written contract or text of > specific clauses in contract
penalty clause1893
waiver clause1894
exclusion clause1937
exclusion1977
1937 All Eng. Law Rep. 1 May 567 In examining the general principles according to which the court construes an exclusion clause.
1988 Daily Tel. 4 Mar. 5/2 Holiday Which? says booking conditions in brochures are ‘little more than a collection of exclusion clauses strung together’.

Draft additions 1993

exclusion order n. U.K. Law an order issued under any of various Acts of Parliament excluding a person from a particular location, esp. as a means of preventing the commission of certain criminal acts.
ΚΠ
1946 Palestine Gaz. 28 Jan. Suppl. ii, in Palestine Regulations 163 The High Commissioner shall have power to make an order under his hand (hereinafter in these regulations referred to as ‘an Exclusion Order’) requiring any person who is out of Palestine to remain out of Palestine.
1976 Law Commission Rep. Matrimonial Proc. in Magistrates' Courts iii. 28 in Parl. Papers 1975–6 XX. 795 The first condition which should be fulfilled before the court makes an exclusion order is that the court should be satisfied that the wife or children are in danger of being physically injured by the respondent.
1989 Independent 27 Dec. 20/4 Exclusion Orders made under Section 30 of the Public Order Act 1986.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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