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单词 ewe
释义

ewen.1

/juː/
Forms: α. Old English eowu (Middle English awe, ouwe), Middle English hew, 1500s–1700s ew, (1500s eawe), Old English– ewe. β. Middle English yeue, yoo, 1500s dialect yeowe, you, ȝow, ( ȝown), 1500s–1600s Scottish ȝoue, 1500s–1700s yew(e, Middle English– Scottish and northern dialect yow(e.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Common Germanic and Aryan: Old English eowu (? éowu), corresponding to Old Frisian ei (Middle Dutch oie, eie, Dutch ooi), Old High German ouwi, au, ou (Middle High German awe, ou, modern High German dialect au- in aulamm ewe-lamb), Old Norse ær < Old Germanic *awi-z < Old Aryan *owi-s; compare Latin ovis, Greek ὀ(ϝ)ίς, Old Irish oi, Old Church Slavonic ovĭ-ca, Lithuanian avì-s, Sanskrit avi. The Old English represents a type *ęwwi < West Germanic *awwi, the word having assumed the ending of the short a- stems; compare dęnu from Old Germanic *dani-z. It is disputed whether the diphthong is long (éo < eu < ęw) or short (eo, a modification of ę due to the influence of the following w; compare eo as u- umlaut of e). The latter view is favoured by the retention of the final -u, which is normal only in short stems.
1.
a. A female sheep.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > female
ewea700
sheder1579
α.
a700 Laws of Ine lv Eowu biþ, mid hire geonge sceape scilling weorþ.
c1000 Ælfric Gen. xxxiii. 13 Ic hæbbe..g eeane eowa and gecelfe cy mid me.
a1100 in Cod. Dipl. IV. 307 To eastran two ewe mid twam lamban.
a1240 Cuckoo Song in Ritson Anc. Songs 3 Sumer is icumen in..Awe bleteþ after lomb.
a1300 Debate Soul & Body in Map's Poems (Camd.) 335 I scholde have ben dumb as a schep, or as a nouwe.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xviii. 21 (MS. T.) By meris mylk lyuede & Ewis.
1465 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 296 For a ram and xix ewes, pryse the pece, xx.d.
?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 758 Hec verbica, a hew..Hec erna, a hewlambe.
1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered ii. 8 It is a poore flocke of sheepe where the Ew must beare the bell.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 649 Ewes and thir bleating Lambs. View more context for this quotation
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd ii. iv. 30 When..I to milk the Ews first try'd my Skill.
1842 J. Bischoff Comprehensive Hist. Woollen Manuf. II. 293 They seldom mistake the ewe to which each lambkin belongs.
β. c1340 Nominale (Skeat) 404 Ram blismyth a yeue.c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 199 Sche sendeth here As meek as ever was eny lamb to yow.?a1400 Chester Pl., Shepherds I. 120 Be it weither or be it yoo.1459–60 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 320 Pro emendacione unius muri juxta le yowecote.1521–2 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 36 Ed. Wynsor geve unto the chorch ij. yows the prisse iijs. iiijd.1523–4 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 37 The whych you scheppes beth delyvered unto Hew Morganne.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxvii. 71 As he was folowinge the yowes greate with yonge.1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. x. sig. Ciii She can wynk on the yew, and wery the lam.1547–8 in E. Green Somerset Chantries (1888) 32 Six yeowe shepe.1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados v. xiii. 22 In wourschip of Erix..ane blak ȝow, to god of tempestis fel.1566 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1584, 208/2 Pastura lie yow-flokkis sive aliarum ovium quarumcunque de Pawinshill.1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus Prol. sig. Aijv The Watter is comparit to the Ȝown.1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxxv. 540 The Cheese that they use to make of Yeowes and Goates mylke.1587 L. Mascall Bk. Cattell: Sheep (1627) 249 There is also in the teats of..yeaws a certaine stopping in some of their teats.1616–61 B. Holyday tr. Persius Sat. 305 Bless thou my lambs! And make my tender yews the happy dams Of many young-ones.1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 51 Sheep, Yews per Head.1786 R. Burns Poems 65 Warn him..To stay content wi' yowes at hame.1903 ‘T. Collins’ Such is Life v. 196 He went out back, Cooper's Creek way, with three thousand Gunbar yowes.1925 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Sangschaw 2 Ae weet forenicht i' the yow-trummle I saw yon antrin thing.1978 Jrnl. Lakeland Dial. Soc. xl. 14 I' a field wid sum yows in ther was a crab apple tree.1979 L. Derwent Border Bairn i. 15 Her brother, the shepherd..accepted me more or less as one of his flock. A yowe or a glimmer, a stirk or a stot.
b. (See quot)
ΚΠ
1879 A. Galletly Wool in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 260/1 The term..‘ewes’ is applied in long-stapled wools, to the short, tender, inferior fleeces.
2. transferred.
ΚΠ
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist v. v. sig. M4 [To his sister] Kas. Come on, you Yew, you haue match'd most sweetly, ha' you not? View more context for this quotation
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Ewe, or the White Ewe, a Top-woman among the Canting Crew, very Beautiful.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Strowling-morts..Travel the Countries, making Laces upon Ewes.
1725 New Canting Dict. Yews.
1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) ii. 12 Tha cortst tha natted Yeo now-reert,..laping o'er the Yeoanna Lock.
18.. J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Rotten yow, metaph., Applied to a person..subjected to much expectoration.

Compounds

C1. In the names of various plants.
ewe-bramble n. dialect, the common bramble, Rubus fruticosus.
ΚΠ
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Ewe-brimble, the common bramble, Rubus fruticosus.
ewe-daisy n. Potentilla Tormentilla.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > tormentil plant or root
septfoilOE
seven-leafOE
nutheada1300
tormentila1400
tormentine14..
turmeric1538
seven-leaves1640
tormentil-root1712
bloodroot1811
ewe-daisy1853
flesh and blood1853
shepherd's knot1884
1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 72 The Cheviot herds call the Tormentil the Ewe-Daisy.
ewe-flower n. ? the daisy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > daisy
daisyc1000
bruisewortOE
primerolea1350
Margaretc1425
gowan1570
primrose1579
marguerite1605
bruise root1698
dog daisy1821
ewe-flower1825
marguerite1847
1825 J. Hogg Queen Hynde 14 The little ewe-flower starr'd the lea.
ewe-gowan n. Scottish, the common daisy, Bellis perennis.
ΚΠ
1818 J. Hogg Brownie of Bodsbeck I. 215 Enough to mak the pinks an' the ewe gowans blush to the very lip.
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Ewe-gowan, the common daisy. North.
1876 in J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names
C2. General attributive.
ewe-mutton n.
ΚΠ
1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida v. sig. H2 A good fat legge of ewe mutton.
1888 Daily News 1 Nov. 7/3 (Meat) Ewe mutton..improved in value.
ewe-trade n.
ΚΠ
1890 Daily News 2 Sept. 2/7 The ewe trade was extremely dull.
C3.
ewe-bught n. Scottish (see bought n.2).
ΚΠ
1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 88 Will ye go to the ew-bughts Marion And wear in the sheep wi' me?
1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake iii. xv. 266 At ewe-bught, or at evening fold.
1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet I. 157 Comes dancing in from the ewe-bughts the bright-eyed Bessie.
ewegang n. (see quot. 1769 and gang n.).
ΚΠ
1413 in A. H. Smith Place-names E. Riding Yorks. & York (1937) 323 [Field name] Yowgang.
1769 Bp. Wilton Inclos. Act 7 A certain sheep-walk called ewegang..the said ewegang shall remain.
ewe-hog n. (see quot. 1614 and hog n.1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > defined by age
hog1306
ewe-hog1531
tup-hog1591
one shear1614
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > lamb > female
ewe lamba1425
ewe-hog1531
sheder1579
chilver1815
1531 in F. W. Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 29 My sister-in-law Marg. Pinare a youhoge.
1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husb. (1623) 106 The first year a male Lambe is called a weather-Hog and a female Lambe an Ewe-Hog.
1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 314 Theaves; ewe hogs.
1937 A. Fraser Sheep Farming iv. 46 The ewes can be helped if the hill is cleared as much and as early as possible..by getting the ewe hoggs to their wintering at the earliest possible date.
1986 Sheep Farmer Sept.–Oct. 9/3 Totalling some 1750 ewes and ewe hoggs the flock is integrated with suckler cows.
ewe lamb n. a female lamb; also figurative (with spec. reference to 2 Samuel xii.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > lamb > female
ewe lamba1425
ewe-hog1531
sheder1579
chilver1815
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. xxi. 28 Abraham settide seuene ewe lambren of the flok asidis.
1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. xii. 3 Nothing saue one litle ewe lambe . View more context for this quotation
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth v, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 120 I cannot afford the church my only and single ewe-lamb.
1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket i. iv. 81 The black sheep baaed to the miller's ewe-lamb.
ewe-lease n. a pasture for ewes (see lease n.1).
ΚΠ
1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd I. xiv. 168 Over the snowy down or ewe-lease on Weatherbury Upper Farm.
ewe-milk n. milk of ewes; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [noun] > milk > ewe's milk
ewe-milkc1550
the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [adjective] > made from ewe's milk
ewe-milk1818
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 34 Thai maid grit cheir of euyrie sort of mylk baytht of ky mylk & ȝoue mylk.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian i, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 10 Maybe ye may like the ewe-milk..cheese better.
ewe-milker n. one who milks ewes.
ΚΠ
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 35 A half-dressed ewe-milker..shut it [the door] in their faces.
ewe-milking n.
ΚΠ
1728 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd ii. iv When..I at ewe-milking first sey'd my young skill.
ewe-teg n. a ewe in its second year (see teg n.1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > female > in first or second year
gimmer1424
theave1465
pug1610
ewe-teg1696
1696 London Gaz. No. 3194/4 There is 2 Rams..and 7 or 8 Ewe Tegs among them.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

ewen.2

Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown.
dialect.
(See quot. 1863.)
ΚΠ
1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) in J. Britten Old Country & Farming Words (1880) 142 White ewe is a shelly kind of earth in the fens.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

Eweadj.n.3

Brit. /ˈeɪweɪ/, /ˈɛweɪ/, /ˈeɪveɪ/, U.S. /ˈeɪˌweɪ/, /ˈeɪˌveɪ/, West African English /ˈɛve/, /ˈɛwe/
Etymology: Self-designation.
A. adj.
Of or relating to a people of West Africa or their language.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of West Africa > [adjective]
Akani1686
Ashantian1705
Igbo1732
Mandingo1744
Nago1775
Temne1791
Wolof1828
Nupe1829
Kru1835
Gola1843
Mpongwe1844
Efik1849
Yoruban1853
Mossi1854
Fulbe1857
Ewe1861
Fan1861
Ibibio1862
Akan1863
Fon1864
Soninke1870
Mende1872
Ijo1883
Mande1883
Yoruba1883
Mitshi1892
Benin1893
Munchi1908
Yakö1926
Tallensi1936
Tiv1939
Limba1954
Kissi1957
Loma1957
1861 (title) Nya nyuĩe h'akpãle ene le ὡegbe me. The Four Gospels in the Ewe language.
1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 319/1 Ewe Group: Acra (Ga), Fantee, Ashantee, [etc.].
1950 D. Jones Phoneme 100 The Ewe word ma (not) is indistinguishable from mã (to divide).
B. n.3
a. A member of this people; also collective.
ΚΠ
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 115/1 Upper Guinea family... Ewe (Awuna, Agbosimi, Togo, Dahoman, Krepe, Fra, Appi).
1962 Listener 25 Jan. 156/1 There should be no reference to Fantis, Ashantis, Ewes, Gas, Dagombas, ‘strangers’, and so forth, but we should all call ourselves Ghanaians.
b. The language of this people.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages
Kissi1884
Ewe1890
Senufo1911
Dagbani1913
Limba1925
1890 A. B. Ellis Ew̔e-speaking Peoples p. v Tshi, Ga, Eẃe, and Yoruba are now four distinct languages.
1936 Discovery June 168/2 The Twi-, Ewe-, and Yoruba-speaking peoples succeed each other from west to east.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ewev.

Etymology: < ewe n.1
1. transitive. To yean, give birth to (a lamb). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [verb (transitive)] > give birth
eanOE
yeana1387
ewe1579
lamba1642
tup1721
sling1750
1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Feb. 83 Gloss. Rather lambes, that be ewed early.
1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Spade geboren, a Lambe Late ewed.
2. transitive. To give a ‘ewe-neck’ look to.
ΚΠ
1848 G. F. Ruxton in Blackwood's Mag. 63 730 The severities of a prolonged winter..had robbed his bones of fat and flesh..and ‘ewed’ his neck.

Derivatives

ewed adj.
ΚΠ
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads iv. 116 The God of Light..To whom a hundred first-ewed lambs vow thou.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
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n.1a700n.21863adj.n.31861v.1579
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