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单词 expel
释义

expelv.

Brit. /ᵻkˈspɛl/, /ɛkˈspɛl/, U.S. /ɪkˈspɛl/, /ɛkˈspɛl/
Forms: Middle English expelle, 1500s–1600s expell, 1500s– expel.
Etymology: < Latin expellĕre, < ex- out + pellĕre to drive, thrust: compare compel v. Old French had espellir, and in 15th cent. expeller.
1. transitive. To drive or thrust out; to eject by force. Const. from (rarely out of) also with double object (by omission of from).
a. With object a person, etc.: To eject, dislodge by force from a position; to banish from, compel to quit, a place or country.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > exile or state of > exile [verb (transitive)]
flemeOE
forbana1250
exilec1330
forbanishc1450
banish1485
expel1490
exulate1535
vanquishc1540
relegate1561
extirpate1566
exul1568
seclude1572
confine1577
bandon1592
dispossess1600
vent1609
expose1632
deporta1641
disterr1645
transport1666
releage1691
expatriate1817
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel > specific people from a place, position, or possession
outshoveOE
to do out of ——OE
shovec1200
to put out of ——c1225
to cast out1297
void13..
usurpa1325
to put outa1350
outputa1382
outrayc1390
excludea1400
expulse?a1475
expel1490
to shut forth1513
to put forth1526
to turn out1546
depel?1548
disseisin1548
evict1548
exturb1603
debout1619
wincha1626
disseise1627
out-pusha1631
howster1642
oust1656
out1823
purge1825
the bum's rush1910
outplace1928
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xx. 446 Reynawd & his brethern were thus expelled out of it [sc. mountalban].
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 819/2 God..expelled those heretikes and scismatikes out of heauen.
1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. III. v. i. sig. Bbbb.vij/2 The apostles receiued power from the Lord..that they should expell and cast them [sc. the devils] out.
1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 8 The Bœotians..expelld Arne by the Thessalians seated themselues in that Country [Bœotia].
c1710 C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 266 Such a State takes Care..to Expel him their Dominions by proclamation.
1749 G. West tr. Pindar Odes Olympick xii. 36 Sedition's Civil Broils Expell'd thee from thy native Crete.
1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. 371 He sent..two knights..to expel them the convent.
1863 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation 31 Bidding the elder boys..expel the poultry.
b. With a material thing as object: To drive out from a receptacle, etc. by mechanical force; to discharge, send off (e.g. a bullet from a gun, †an arrow from a bow); to drive off or dislodge (a substance) from a chemical compound, mixture, solution, etc. Also, †to expel forth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel
afferreOE
warpc1000
outdriveOE
wreakc1100
to cast out1297
to cast fortha1382
out-chasec1395
flecchea1400
to shoot forth, out, awaya1400
propel?1440
expulse?a1475
scour1488
out-thrust1532
to catch forthc1540
propulse1548
pulsec1550
unplant1552
to turn out of ——1562
extrude1566
detrude?1567
eliminate1568
deturbate1570
detruse1571
unroost1598
to put by1600
deturb1609
bolt1615
run1631
disembogue1632
out of1656
expel1669
rout1812
to manage (a person) out of1907
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. v. xii. 80 The Shot is..expelled with no other thing, than by the Air's exaltation.
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 136 It [sc. water] is usualy expelled forth in vast quantities.
1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 111 The Virgin-Huntress was not slow T' expel the Shaft from her contracted Bow.
?1790 J. Imison School of Arts (ed. 2) 74 Expelling the water into the bason.
1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 394 Alcohol..absorbs about its own weight of nitrous gas, which cannot afterwards be expelled by heat.
1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 168 Not capable of being expelled by a stronger base.
1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) xi. §512 If still more heat be applied..the air will be entirely expelled.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 77 The matter..thus expelled from the powder by heat.
c. Of the body or its organs: To cast out, eject (the contents, any foreign substance, excrements, etc.); = exclude v. 7. Also said of the action of drugs, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excrete [verb (transitive)]
yetOE
to put outa1350
void1398
expelc1405
avoid1562
ejaculate1578
excern1578
regurgitate1578
egest1607
evacuate1607
vent1607
expurgate1621
excrete1669
pass1698
to put off1740
re-ejaculate1826
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1891 The vertu expulsyf or animal..Ne may the venym voyden ne expelle.
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth iii. sig. C.i To expell..all corrupt & contagyous ayre.
1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. Cxxxiiv Vnto the tyme the matter be expelled..out of the throte.
1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 395 Chervil expells wind.
1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds II. 216 Some months after, a piece of cloth was expelled, till which time the wound kept open.
1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 338 The child had been very recently expelled from the womb.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 519/2 There is an organ for..expelling an inky fluid.
absolute.1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §36 Other parts of the Body..are moued to expell by Consent.
d. With immaterial object. In Mathematics formerly = eliminate v.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > an immaterial thing
driveOE
exilea1393
to ding outc1400
banish1460
expela1500
pass1565
divorce1594
abstrude1628
to put by1634
abigate1657
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1271 Hir cusynace hath don al at she mycht..to expel that thing out of hir thocht.
a1569 M. Coverdale Fruitful Lessons (1593) sig. K3v To expell from vs all pride and presumptuousnes.
1611 J. Donne Ignatius his Conclaue sig. A9 Hee gloried of hauing expelled an old Religion.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) v. i. 76 You, brother mine, that..Expelld remorse, and nature. View more context for this quotation
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 14 These hardships quite expell'd the thoughts of an Enemy.
1828 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) II. 49 (note) The quantity c..must be expelled from this formula.
1862 H. Spencer First Princ. ii. v. §61. 226 Our ability to expel the idea from consciousness.
2. To turn out, eject (a person) from a society, community, etc. Const. as in 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > exclusion from society > exclude from society [verb (transitive)] > cast out from society
to cast out1297
outcasta1325
expel1534
abandon1548
1534 Anne Boleyn in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. i. 116 II. 46 Richard Herman..was..put and expelled from his fredome and felowshipe in the Englishe house there.
1648 Hunting of Fox 11 Yet were they..expell'd the University.
a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 215 His Scholar striving to expel all Poets his poetic Commonweal.
1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xvi. 108 The house of commons have a right to expel one of their own members.
1820 R. Southey Life Wesley II. 497 Whoever acted contrary..should be expelled the Society.
1884 D. Pae Eustace 57 You are expelled from the house which you have indelibly disgraced.
3. To reject from attention or consideration; to refuse. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject
awarpc1000
forwerpeOE
warpc1000
nillOE
warnc1300
reprovec1350
to put abacka1382
to throw awaya1382
repugnc1384
to put awaya1387
waivec1386
forshoota1400
disavowc1400
defyc1405
disprovec1430
repelc1443
flemea1450
to put backa1500
reject?1504
refutea1513
repulse1533
refel1548
repudiate1548
disallowa1555
project?1567
expel1575
discard1578
overrule1578
forsay1579
check1601
decard1605
dismiss1608
reprobate1609
devow1610
retorta1616
disclaimc1626
noforsootha1644
respuate1657
reluctate1668
negative1778
no-ball1862
basket1867
to set one's foot down1873
not to have any (of it, that, this)1895
to put down1944
eighty-six1959
neg1987
1575 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 365 The common welth are..utterly expeld and let goe for lacke of loking to.
1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 95 Would you not poor fellowship expel, Myself would offer you t'accompany.
1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 6 July (1855) 5 The said day the Committie expelles the resounes preponit be Borge and Johne Gordoun.
1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 190 Each fierce Logician still expelling Locke.
4. ‘To keep off, exclude, keep out’ (Johnson). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out
loukc1275
speara1300
beshutc1330
forbarc1330
warn?a1366
to close outa1382
to shut outc1384
steeka1393
again-louka1400
to keep outc1425
outshutc1450
seclude1498
to stop outc1530
to hedge out1549
confine1577
to hold out1583
out-bar1590
debar1593
excommunicate1602
expel1604
immurec1616
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 211 O that that earth [sc. Cæsar's dead body] which kept the world in awe, Should patch a wall t'expell the waters flaw. View more context for this quotation

Derivatives

exˈpelled adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [adjective] > expelling > expelled
expulsive1509
expelled1552
expulsed1605
unhoused1621
extruded1654
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [adjective] > expelling > expelled > specific people from a place, position, or possession
ousted?c1663
unkennelled1687
expelled1774
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Expelled, expulsus.
1774 O. Goldsmith Grecian Hist. I. iv.* 105 Hippias, the expelled tyrant of Athens.
exˈpelling n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [noun] > expulsion or driving out
outputtinga1387
outcastinga1398
outing1440
deboutement1481
expulsiona1513
expulsing1528
expelling1532
expulsement1537
propulsation1578
expulsure1598
ejectment1602
outcast1602
abandoning1611
unroosting1615
propulsion1626
eliminationa1631
chucking-out1881
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [adjective] > expelling
expulsivec1386
expulsatory1594
expulsitive1594
expelling1632
expulsative1659
expellent1858
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. (1557) 819/2 Receiuing of synne is expelling of grace.
1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxviiiv The expellynge of this seconde byrth.
1632 tr. G. Bruele Praxis Medicinæ 376 These stirre vp the expelling faculty.
1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §84 This expelling diuretic virtue consisted rather in the salts than the resin.
1846 W. Greener Sci. Gunnery (new ed.) 293 How get you an equal pressure of the expelling force?
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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