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exploitn.  Brit.  /ˈɛksplɔɪt/, U.S. /ˈɛkˌsplɔɪt/ (in sense 5 occasionally also) Brit. /ᵻkˈsplɔɪt/, /ɛkˈsplɔɪt/, U.S. /ᵻkˈsplɔɪt/, /ɛkˈsplɔɪt/Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: French espleit , exploit ; exploit v. Etymology: In branch I. < Anglo-Norman espleit, esplet, esplait, esplaite, esploite, Anglo-Norman and Middle French esploit, exploit, Middle French expleit, exploict (French exploit ) speed, haste (c1100 in Old French in a espleit energetically), deed, achievement (c1200; frequently with reference to feats in battle), execution of a warrant (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier), citation, summons, writ (1353), military expedition (late 14th cent. or earlier), in Anglo-Norman also progress (first third of the 13th cent. or earlier), success (first half of the 14th cent. or earlier), probably < espleiter , esploiter exploit v. In branch II. < exploit v. Compare post-classical Latin espletum , explectum , expletum (neuter), explecta (feminine), jurisdiction, power to exact fines (11th cent.), executory action (12th cent.), feat in battle (beginning of the 15th cent.); also Old Occitan esplech (late 12th or early 13th cent.), in similar senses to those of the English noun. Compare later esplees n., and also later exploit v.In γ. forms aphetic < β. forms. I. Senses relating to action or deeds. the world > action or operation > prosperity > [noun] > prosperity or success the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] c1300 Childhood Jesus (Laud) l. 371 in C. Horstmann (1875) 1st Ser. 14 (MED) On cam þere with gret espleit, Ake sone he was a freid..Ful smartliche aȝein he eode. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. l. 3924 The Sail goth up, and forth thei strauhte. Bot non espleit therof thei cauhte. 1417 in H. Nicolas (1834) II. 236 (MED) God the whiche..sendes you noble and gracious governance, expleyt & victorye of youre enemys. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 3444 For he was sori, with-outen any drede, Of þe expleyt and þe good[e] spede Of þis Iason. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) I. clxxvi. f. cii Of whose Exployt or spede myne Auctour maketh no mensyon. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart II. xci. [lxxxvii.] 272 His ambassadours hadde made no better exployte. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 57v For explait of þere spede þai spekyn in fere To chese hom a cheftayn. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer ii. 19 And casting for to make exployte and end without delayes, To spoyle the Troyan towne and line. †2. Law. 1419 in H. Nicolas (1834) II. 247 (MED) Comynd togidder at Norwich for þe exploit of the pryve seals þat wer y sent to us by þe avise of þe lordys of þe Conseil. society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons 1622 G. de Malynes 457 Any summons or arrest, exploit or assignement. ?c1682 J. Warburton (1822) 82 Exploits, which is the adjourning or citing of such persons, against whom any action is brought. 3. the world > action or operation > undertaking > [noun] > an undertaking c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 5381 (MED) To haue of hym [sc. Apollo]..Fynal answer in þis grete nede Of oure expleyt how þat it schal falle. a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull (1843) 107 (MED) To geve hym clerly enformacion Of her expleyte and of the chylde also. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Glendour f. xxiiv To kyll the kyng, and to enioye his land: For which exployt we bound our selues in band. 1600 W. Shakespeare iii. ii. 158 A trim exploit, a manly enterprise, To coniure teares vp, in a poore maides eyes. View more context for this quotation 1673 R. Ward i. ii. 48 Diomedes and Ulysses, two of the Grecian Worthies..; the latter strong, couragious and bold; yea, able to atchieve any feazible enterprise, or exploit. 1779 H. More v. 75 My next exploit must be to find out Rivers, And, as from Julia, give him a feign'd message. 1829 T. Flint iii. 41 A trip of sixteen miles, through dark forests, in which they would not pass a single house, was an exploit sufficiently daunting for two such young and inexperienced boys. 1879 A. Trollope 50 Thackeray had become big enough to give a special éclat to any literary exploit to which he attached himself. 1907 13 July 29/2 The history of any great money-making exploit is read with avidity. 2011 S. Anderson in K. F. Olwig & K. Paerregaard xi. 235 This physical synchrony of concerted action..is a complex exploit, demanding the attendance of all. the world > action or operation > endeavour > [noun] > attempt to gain mastery 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine f. lxxxvijv/2 He began to helpe them in theyr exployte of the see, And anon the tempest cessed. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus ii. iii. 133 Thei prophecied..vnto Alexandre victory, when he made his exploicte towarde Darius. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. i. 38 I must giue my selfe some hurts, and say I got them in exploit . View more context for this quotation a1627 J. Hayward (1840) 55 The Captaines drewe to consideration all the meanes for the exploit of the towne. 1692 N. Luttrell Diary in (1857) II. 495 Captain Mees..has undertaken the exploit of St. Maloes. the world > action or operation > carrying out > [noun] 1548 f. xxv But when all thynges wer prepared..he was by the French kyng and his councell (whiche put diffidence in the exploite of his glorious busines) countermaunded. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe 213 If..the whole exployt of thinges be governed by hym. 1605 E. Sandys sig. G4v Like stowt harted, selfe-witted Captaine, who scornes to imitate any stratageme before vsed by the enemie, though the putting of it in exploit, might give him assured victorie. 1632 H. Hawkins tr. G. P. Maffei 45 Greater was the exploit of this amendement, then was the recalling of the Gentlewoman spoken aboue from death to life. the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > an act or deed the world > action or operation > undertaking > [noun] > an undertaking > bold or chivalrous the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] > one who or that which is successful > that which is successful > an achievement the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > an act or deed > exceptional or remarkable c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 1747 (MED) This Anthenor haþ first made mencioun..Of his expleyt [sc. an embassy to Greece]. c1538 R. Cowley Let. in H. Ellis (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 96 They doo noo exployte not so moche as to shote oon gone. 1597 W. Shakespeare iv. ii. 36 Whom corrupting gold Would tempt vnto a close exploit of death. View more context for this quotation 1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine xxi. vi. 845 Magicians..can doe such [r]are exploytes by the deuills meanes. 1680 3 It could not be proved against the said Talbot that she did incence or hire the said Butler to do the Cruel exploit. 1725 D. Defoe i. 16 For many Years it was counted a great Exploit to pass this Streight. 1763 J. Collyer tr. F. G. Klopstock I. ii. 78 It was I, Herod, who prompted thee to perform this exploit. 1817 J. Mill II. iv. v. 166 The brilliancy of the exploit had no feeble attractions for the imagination of Clive. 1868 E. Edwards I. vii. 110 Drake's exploits strung the patriotism..of the sailors to a lofty pitch. 1928 Oct. p. xxvi/1 This account of his adventures..deals for the most part with his exploits in Africa. 1969 15 Aug. 213/2 This anxious unsuccess hangs about many of Hemingway's exploits, sometimes inclining them towards comedy. 1993 K. Norris 69 The drunken exploits that had taken place at a prairie party in the wee hours after the dance. 2012 10 May (Late ed.) b18/1 Few of Jackson's dunks have been televised, but his exploits above the rim caught the eye of the Harlem Wizards. II. Senses relating to exploiting a weakness. 1994 Re: Plea for Calm in comp.security.unix (Usenet newsgroup) 14 May If we write an exploit script for something, we obviously understand how it works. 1999 3 Oct. 36/1 A detailed description of the flaw—enough information for other hackers to duplicate the ‘exploit’. 2006 (Nexis) 6 Mar. Apple has released a security update to patch an exploit that left users of the Web browser Safari vulnerable to malicious shell scripts. 2009 C. Miller & D. D. Zovi v. 113 The reliability and robustness of an exploit depends greatly on the qualities of the vulnerability that it takes advantage of. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). exploitv. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French exploiter. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman espleiter, expleiter, explaiter, espliter, Anglo-Norman and Middle French espleitier, esploiter, esploitier, esploitier, exploitier, Middle French, French exploiter to accomplish, carry out (c1100 in Old French), (reflexive) to apply oneself, to endeavour (c1180), to hurry (c1230), to take advantage of (c1274), to assist, help (14th cent.), to fulfil (a need, requirement) (late 14th cent.), to travel, proceed (a1400) < an unattested post-classical Latin form *explicitare , frequentative formation (compare -itate suffix) < classical Latin explicāre explicate v. Compare post-classical Latin explectare to enjoy the revenue from a fund or office (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources; from 13th cent. in continental sources), and also Old Occitan esplechar to accomplish, fulfil (something), Catalan espletar (c1300 in the now obsolete sense ‘to use’). Compare earlier exploit n.With the development of sense 1 (which is not paralleled in French) compare explicate v. and perhaps also slightly later explain v. In early use in α. forms, this word is difficult to distinguish from explete v.1, especially in sense 2; spellings suggesting a reflex of the diphthong -ei- are given here, and those suggesting an original monophthong -e- are given at explete v.1 the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > expound, explain [verb (transitive)] c1390 (?c1350) [implied in: St. Augustine l. 1303 in C. Horstmann (1878) 83 (MED) He was..wondur war in expleyting Of holy mennes writyng [L. in explanandis scripturis]. (at exploiting n. 1)]. a1438 (1940) i. 152 (MED) He prechyd meche a-geyn þe seyd creatur, not expressyng hir name, but so he expleytyd hys conseytys þat men vndirstod wel þat he ment hir. 1440 J. Capgrave (1977) l. 439 Norbert..Made a sermone... As he þat ful weel and eke ful treuly can, Expleite þe message of Crist. c1450 J. Capgrave (Bodl. 423) (1911) 134 Be cause þis cherch is dedicate to seynt nycholas, sumwhat of his lyf wil we expleite her. †2. the mind > emotion > pleasure > contentment or satisfaction > be content or satisfied with [verb (transitive)] > content or satisfy > a desire or appetite a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) (1891) l. 6174 I dwelle with hem..That worship of this world coueiten And grete nede kunnen espleiten. a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) v. l. 713 Texpleite ther lust certeyne. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 139 (MED) Than Esploite he [sc. the king] the grete nedis. the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) Prol. l. 39 This wirke texsplyte that ȝe nat refuse. c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate (1934) ii. 837 Massageers..Texpleyte ther iourne al tymes of the yeere. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine f. ccclxiiv/2 They knewe wel, that they shold no thyng exployte of their entente. c1500 (1895) 81 I ordeyne the bataill to be to morow exploited. 1531 T. Elyot i. xxvi. sig. Mviv They departed without exploytinge their message. 1587 R. Holinshed et al. Hist. Eng. (new ed.) iv. xiiii. 46/1 in (new ed.) I The armie..sat still without exploiting anie notable enterprise. 1611 J. Speed ix. xi. 560/2 It is euident, that these tragedies against the Lords were exploited by others. 1674 No. 882/4 We doubt not..but something considerable will be exploited by them. 1687 A. Lovell tr. C. de Bergerac i. 127 The first thing they exploited, was to distribute my Body among them into several Provinces. a1529 J. Skelton Speke Parrot in (1843) II. 15 To exployte the man owte of the mone. †3. the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > promotion or help forward > promote or help forward (a person, plan, etc.) [verb (transitive)] a1439 J. Lydgate (Bodl. 263) viii. l. 1978 (MED) Of Theodosie texpleite the passage Fill a myracle to his auauntage. c1450 (?a1422) J. Lydgate (Durh.) (1961) ii. l. 435 So late thy grace to me discende..My rude tonge, to exployte and spede. a1456 (?1417) J. Lydgate (1934) ii. 657 (MED) My maystre Chaucyer goodely to convey, Him to expleyten, and firþerne on his way With holsome spede. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville (Vitell.) l. 12223 (MED) Yiff thow wylt in thy pylgrymage Be wel exspleyted. the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > prosper or be successful 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre (1913) 13 Peleus..not knowing how he might exploite for to attayne to execute his dampnable enuye. c1500 (1895) 188 The knight..reherced to them how he had exployted. 1592 W. Wyrley Capitall de Buz in 154 Some did to me vnfold..how at Arde Gomigines did hold, Exploiting well. 1602 W. Warner Epitome Hist. Eng. in (rev. ed.) 383 During the minoritie of this King Richard..brauely was it exployted in Fraunce by his Agents. the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself [verb (reflexive)] 1490 W. Caxton tr. xxvi. sig. Giij Why consumest thy self slepynge without exploityng ye in thy vyage. 1530 J. Palsgrave 542/1 They exployted them so faste that within shorte space they came to their journayes ende. 4. the world > action or operation > advantage > be advantageous or beneficial to [verb (transitive)] > take advantage of > turn to account > specific natural resources 1795 ‘Col. Frederick’ tr. Memorial Exploitation Woods Corsica in App. 208 The Petitioner, therefore, proposes, by way of trial, to exploit all the greater and lesser woods..in the Domain of Galeria. 1865 No. 115. 282/1 In exploiting mineral resources. 1894 3 Dec. 3/1 You had better leave the present occupiers..than encourage the gold-bug who would..exploit the land. 1915 J. Conrad i. i. 5 The company's object had been to get hold of all the outcrops..and exploit them locally. 1979 T. Benn iii. 74 Our job was to make sure that the resources of the North Sea were exploited for the benefit of the nation. 2011 (Nexis) 2 Sept. The Mapungubwe World Heritage site in Limpopo has been hit by a coal rush, with scores of mining companies applying for permission to exploit the area's coal deposits. society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > obtain (metals, minerals, etc.) by mining 1868 Aug. 383 He opened caravan-routes,..laid out roads, exploited for minerals, [etc.]. 1887 Apr. 857/2 Some two years ago..a Belgian engineer..proposed to exploit for petroleum. 1915 35 Such an application was made by Benjamin Vaughn, who desired to exploit for coal. 2009 S. Ariweriokuma ix. 136 An OPL grants a licensee the right to explore and exploit for oil and gas within an assigned Block. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [verb (transitive)] > exploit or take advantage of the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [verb (transitive)] > exploit or take advantage of > specifically a person 1838 July 306 The Humbughausens..have exploited the obscure (to use a French phrase where we have no proper equivalent) with..profit; making..great fools of all that believed and followed them. 1847 J. W. Carlyle Let. 13 Dec. in (1883) II. 25 Exploiting that poor girl for their idle purposes of curiosity. 1888 July 58 An association of capitalist shareholders, exploiting their wage-paid labourers. 1907 G. B. Shaw Major Barbara Pref. in 153 Mr Stuart-Glennie regards the slave-morality as an invention of the superior white race to subjugate the minds of the inferior races whom they wished to exploit. 1975 W. Kennedy 69 Her willingness to trivialize, monumentalize, exalt, and exploit her love for Jack by selling her memoirs to the tabloids. 2002 9 June 67/2 There are hit-and-run venture capitalists who will exploit your efforts and sell you down the river as soon as possible. 2014 12 Dec. 3/2 The poorest had suffered most from rising costs, while being exploited by ‘rip-off merchants’. 1840 26 Dec. 406/1 What is a ruined wall crowned with the verdure of time?—rubbish, to be removed as a nuisance, or exploited, if it will pay. 1912 (U.S. Dept. Commerce) 29 Aug. 1081 We are in every way more conveniently situated than other countries who would exploit the market. 1988 1 13/2 To exploit the remarkable opportunities which cell and molecular biology offer clinical medicine. 2014 27 June (Business section) 3/3 The merger will create a company ideally placed to exploit the emergence of the ‘internet of things’. Derivatives the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [adjective] > misused > manipulated or exploited 1867 Sept. 173 Exploitation, or profit making, has often been likened to slavery, in its efforts on the exploited class. 1936 1 336 The analysis of the..exploited and prostituted artists and workers in that Ford Factory of Illusion. 1970 E. B. Burns v. 240 The isolated, difficult life of the exploited seringueiro explained the recruitment problem. 2001 Oct. 55/2 (caption) His achievements relied on forced labor and an exploited peasantry. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1300 v.c1390 |