extraadj.adv.n.
/ˈɛkstrə/, U.S. /ˈɛkstrə/ A. adj.
a. Beyond or more than the usual, stipulated, or specified amount or number; additional.
ΚΠ
1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric I. ii. iii. 428 Instances..[of barbarisms] are, hyp for hypochondriac..penult for penultimate..extra for extraordinary.
1780 T. Jefferson Corr. in Wks. (1859) I. 245 Money..for any extra wants of our own troops.
1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iii. iii. 34 The extra interest I must pay one of those extortioners is absolutely so much money thrown away.
1818 Art of preserving Feet 19 The extra exercise which the person may have been taking.
1846 W. Greener Sci. Gunnery (new ed.) 217 Cost is a matter of very minor consideration, when contrasted with the extra safety obtained.
1878 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. II. v. 66 Soldiers were employed on extra pay to make the roads.
1888 M. E. Braddon Fatal Three I. ii. 21 She will have to put up with an extra bed in the housemaid's room.
b. (see quot. 1883).
ΚΠ
1834 Faraday in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1835) 125 47 The whole of this extra current might be made to pass at that place.
1883 J. E. H. Gordon Physical Treat. Electr. & Magn. I. xxx. 330 The transient currents in a coil are produced by the induction of each portion of the current on the neighbouring wires..these..are called the ‘Extra Currents’.
c. Prefixed to trade designations of sizes (esp. of paper), to denote a size somewhat larger than that indicated by the name.
ΚΠ
1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. ix. 134 These ‘extra-elephant folios’ had not always the most erudite compilers.
1892 Printer's Catalogue Sizes of Cards..Extra Thirds, 3 × 17/ 8 in. Thirds, 3 × 11/ 2 in.
1892 Publisher's Catalogue Extra foolscap octavo.
d. Of superior or unusual quality; in extra binding, etc. Hence extra binder.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being better or superior > [adjective] > surpassing the ordinary
surpassingc1580
supraordinarya1623
superordinary1630
extraordinary1649
higher1718
above par1776
extra1850
premium1856
plus1921
double dip1963
1850 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin iv Her corn-cakes isn't extra, not extra now, Jinny's corn-cakes isn't.
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 424 The cover of the book in extra binding is generally fitted on piecemeal.
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 425 The implement generally used by the extra binder for cutting the edges of single books is the plough.
e. extra cover (point), a fieldsman in cricket whose position is between cover-point and mid-off, but more distant than either from the batter's wicket; also, his position in the field. Also elliptical.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > cricketer > [noun] > fielder > fielders by position
middle wicket1772
long-stop1773
second stop1773
stop1773
long fieldsman1790
long field?1801
third man1801
outscout1805
leg1816
point1816
slip1816
backstop1819
long fielder1835
long leg1835
long field off1837
short leg1843
square leg1849
cover-point1850
long-stopper1851
middle-off1851
cover-slip1854
long off1854
left fielder1860
short square1860
mid-off1865
extra cover (point)1867
deep-fielder1870
mid-on1870
cover1897
leg trap1897
infield1898
deep field1900
slipper1903
slip fieldsman1906
midwicket1909
infieldsman1910
slip-catcher1920
infielder1927
leg slip1956
1867 G. H. Selkirk Guide to Cricket Ground ii. 26 Extra Cover, when the batsman hits much to cover-point an extra man is placed near to aid in fielding the balls.
1888 A. G. Steel in A. G. Steel & R. H. Lyttelton Cricket (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) iii. 112 If [the ground is] inclined to be slow, he [sc. third man] may be brought forward to extra cover-point, between cover-point and mid-off.
1897 K. S. Ranjitsinhji Jubilee Bk. Cricket ii. 52 There is no need to treat extra-cover separately. The position is a cross between cover and mid-off, and its duties are a mixture of the duties required in those two places.
1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 217 Extra cover point.
1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 217 For slow and medium paced bowling, a man at long on and extra cover is almost necessary.
1921 P. F. Warner My Cricketing Life xiv. 268 Skeet..is very quick on his feet at cover or extra cover.
1955 I. Peebles Ashes xv. 149 May hit the next ball splendidly past extra.
B. adv.
a. With adjectives or adverbs: Beyond the ordinary degree, unusually. Sometimes hyphenated in combinations; upon the resulting adjective a parasynthetic noun is occasionally formed, as extra-moral, extra-moralist.‘In recent years, the latest edition of several London evening papers has been called the extra-special edition, the latest but one being called “special”’ ( N.E.D., 1894). extra sec (or extra dry), of champagne: very slightly sweetened; also elliptical as n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > in or to a greater degree or extent > beyond the ordinary degree
extraordinary1686
extra1823
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > French wines > [noun] > champagne > types or brands
pink champagne1793
Moët1841
Heidsieck1853
Veuve Clicquot1854
Roederer1858
Mumm1861
oeil-de-perdrix champagne1872
Pommery1874
Krug1876
Perrier–Jouët1876
Pommery and Greno1881
Pol Roger1889
extra sec1891
Lanson1891
demi-sec1926
Taittinger1949
Dom Pérignon1956
1823 S. Smith Botany Bay in Wks. (1859) II. 15/2 Those extra-moralists..refuse to associate with a convict legally pardoned.
1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies i. 7 He must be an extra good boy that day.
1868 C. Darwin in F. Darwin Life & Lett. C. Darwin (1887) III. 80 Any such extra-sterile individuals..if they should here~after breed with other individuals.
1891 in C. Ray Compleat Imbiber (1967) IX. 122 Champagnes. Cuvée de Réserve. Extra Sec, Sec, and Brut 84/- per Doz. Bottles.
1894 N.E.D. at Extra Mod. Extra-superfine cloth. Extra fine tallow. Extra refined petroleum. Extra strong binding.
1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 98 Champagne…Ayala, extra quality, extra dry.
1916 A. Bennett Lion's Share xxxix. 303 He would always command a half-bottle of the extra dry for himself.
1930 A. Bennett Imperial Palace xxxvi. 247 Their mania for extra sec.
1951 R. Postgate Plain Man's Guide to Wine v. 95 ‘Brut’..should be really dry..‘Extra Sec’, ‘Extra Dry’..moderately dry.
1965 A. Sichel Penguin Bk. Wines iii. 151 The words ‘Brut’ or ‘Extra Dry’ or ‘Extra Sec’ represent the driest of all—a dosage of 1 per cent or 2 per cent of liqueur.
b. In excess of the usual or specified amount.
ΚΠ
1894 N.E.D. at Extra Mod. The larger edition contains three maps extra. Attendance is charged for extra.
C. n.
1.
a. What is extra or additional; an item beyond the school curriculum; one not included in a tradesman's contract, or a table d'hôte bill of fare; an additional piece of work; anything given in addition or for which an extra charge is made; the extra charge itself; an extra fee; an additional issue of a newspaper.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > running > not off bat
bye1744
extra1855
sundry1860
extra1884
boundary-bye1887
1793 Kentucky Gaz. 23 Mar.
1796 Herald Extra ii. 30 Mar.
1803 R. Pering in Naval Chron. 15 154 The extra was divided into nights and tides.
1832 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 1 409/1 A newsboy thrust a ‘Cholera extra’ between us.
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby iii. 19 Tell your uncle, my dear, how far you went in French and extras.
1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop xxxiv. 287 ‘What's the rent?’..‘One pound per week... The boots and clothes are extras.’
1861 W. M. Thackeray 100 Years Hence in Roundabout Papers 137 We supplied him with little comforts and extras.
1865 ‘L. Carroll’ Alice's Adventures in Wonderland ix. 143 ‘With extras?’..‘ Yes..we learned French and music.’
1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood iii. 13 They are neither of Miss Twinkleton's inclusive regulars, nor of her extras.
1876 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (1877) vi. 126 A confounding and baffling extra, which was not even formally provided for in his scheme.
1888 Harper's Mag. Oct. 690/1 Hourly extras were issued, and the circulation..reached upon one day of the riot..70,000 copies.
1889 Daily News 5 Aug. 7/6 The association figure for this class of iron becomes £7 5s., and hoops and strips are raised 10s...with ‘extras’ for special gauges.
a1894 Mod. The builder took the contract very low, hoping to recoup himself by extras.
1898 R. Kipling Day's Work 194 The newspaper extra—a slip printed on one side only, and damp from the press.
1912 A. Brazil New Girl at St. Chad's v. 86 The riding course was a special feature of the summer term... It was an ‘extra’, not part of the ordinary school curriculum.
1955 Times 26 May 9/7 It is just the important ‘extra’ given to the listener by this new two-sound track system which gives true relaxation and ease of listening.
b. Cricket. A run scored otherwise than off the bat, counting to a team's total but not credited to a batter's individual score. Cf. sundry n. 3.Extras currently include no-balls, wides, byes, leg byes, and (since 2000) penalty extras.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > running > not off bat
bye1744
extra1855
sundry1860
extra1884
boundary-bye1887
1855 Luton Times 3 July 5/3 St. John's College..Extras..10.
1858 Bell's Life in London 20 June 8/4 They..accomplished an innings of 161... It will be seen there were 26 extras!
1884 James Lillywhite's Cricketers' Ann. ii. ii. 55 The long total of 332 [runs], including 30 ‘extras’.
1920 Exeter & Plymouth Gaz. 28 June 6/2 Dr. Walters, of Chudleigh..was behind the stumps at the County Ground on Saturday, when only 21 extras were recorded in a score of 300 made by Exeter for five wickets.
1956 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack (ed. 93) 503 Extras, contributed no fewer than 73—more than any single batsman—to Northamptonshire’s first innings total.
2002 Sunday Times of India 22 Sept. 16/4 The extras (33) top scored for Holland—the first such instance in the ICC Champions Trophy.
2. A person engaged for a minor part, or to be present during a crowd scene, in a play, film, etc.; = supernumerary n. 2c. In full †extra lady, extra gentleman. Also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > actor > [noun] > actor playing specific type of part
ruffy1502
chorus1561
prologuer1570
prologue1579
turquet1625
woman actor1633
underpart1679
epilogist1716
prologist1716
epiloguizer1748
old man1762
prologuizer1762
buffo1764
extrac1777
jeune premier1817
primo buffo1826
character actor1841
utility man1849
deuteragonist1855
character comedian1857
bit playera1859
utility actor1860
serio-comic1866
juvenile lead1870
serio-comique1870
heavy1880
utility1885
thinker1886
onnagata1889
serio1889
juvenile1890
tritagonist1890
oyama1925
juve1935
c1777–8 in J. L. Hodgkinson & R. Pogson Early Manch. Theatre (1960) 82 Or more Extras [to be employed] than cannot be avoided—the Bill for them to be signed by the Prompter.
1880 D. K. Ranous Diary of Daly Débutante 16 May (1910) 185 Who should come to call on the Daly young ladies but one of the Philadelphia ‘extras’ at the theatre.
1888 G. Grossmith Society Clown vi. 114 The Marines [in ‘H.M.S. Pinafore’] were what is theatrically known as ‘extra-gentlemen’. They are not engaged to sing, and therefore do not hold such a good position as the chorus.
1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang II. 206/2 Scene rats (theatrical), extras engaged in ballets or pantomimes.
1895 G. B. Shaw in Sat. Rev. 28 Dec. 868/1 He..marched off..leaving the Republic and its army looking like the merest crowd of ‘extras’.
1896 G. B. Shaw in Sat. Rev. 4 July 13/2 ‘Extra’ Ladies and gentlemen (formerly called ‘supers’).
1916 ‘B. M. Bower’ Phantom Herd 125 Extras may be depended upon for carrying gossip from one studio to another.
1916 R. E. Welsh A-B-C of Motion Pict. iv. 42 If the story has scenes calling for the use of hundreds of characters,..he will call for ‘extras’, who are engaged by the day.
1938 P. G. Wodehouse Summer Moonshine xx. 176 After that [I was] a movie extra.
1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 12 Dec. 723/2 Is it that Mr. Crossman is so charmed by the performance of politics that he ignores the subject of the play, so busy in this particular book with the stars that he forgets the extras?
1964 C. Chaplin My Autobiogr. xvi. 272 One can..march twenty thousand extras into the Red Sea.
1964 C. Chaplin My Autobiogr. xviii. 317 I'd do anything—get a job—do extra work in films.
3. (See quot. 1838.) Chiefly U.S.
ΚΠ
1827 Mrs. B. Hall Let. 23 Oct. in Aristocratic Journey (1931) 106 We wished to get an ‘Extra’..but..the Stage Proprietor had the want of conscience to ask thirty-six for an ‘Extra’.
1838 J. F. Cooper Home as Found ii. 35 Mr. Howel informed him that an extra in America meant a supernumerary coach, to carry any excess of the ordinary number of passengers.
1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. vi. 161 There being no stage-coach next day..I hired ‘an extra’, at a reasonable charge.
1846 R. M. Ballantyne in E. Quayle Ballantyne the Brave (1967) iv. 67 The stage..was full..but..an ‘extra’ (or separate sleigh of smaller dimensions than the stage) had been provided for us.
1860 J. G. Holland Miss Gilbert's Career xx. 366 The coach and Cheek were detained as ‘an extra’ to take over the bridal party.
1944 E. M. Kahn Cable Car Days 103 After six hours of waiting an ‘extra’ arrived and we resumed our journey.
At a ball, a dance additional to those on the dance-programmes.
1885 C. M. Yonge Nuttie's Father I. xiii. 151 ‘Oh dear! I'm engaged all through [i.e. for all the dances].’.. ‘Give him one of the extras!’
1900 E. Glyn Visits of Elizabeth 276 When we got to the ball-room an extra was on.
1913 J. Vaizey College Girl xxvii. 369 Not until the three programmes were filled to the last extra did he..think of his own pleasure.
4. A spell of extra sentinel duty. U.S. Military slang.
ΚΠ
1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms Extra, (American cadet), an extra is a punishment imposed on Saturday and Sunday, when general leave is granted to all except those who are thus doomed to do extra sentinel duty.
Draft additions July 2002
extra time n. Sport (in some team games) an additional period of play entered into if scores are level at the end of the normal time limit and the match must be decided (except in North American use, where the usual term is overtime).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > game or definite spell of play > extra time or stoppage
timeout1900
extra time1911
overtime1921
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > association football > [noun] > time allowed for injury stoppages
extra time1911
injury time1960
1911 Daily Tel. 24 Apr. 14/1 As the rules of the competition do not permit of extra time at the first meeting in the final, the teams have to meet a second time.
1950 Sport 24 Mar. 11/1 Folk seem to have forgotten that, the year before Kippax, amateur centre-forward A. A. Turner led the Charlton eleven defeated 4-1 in extra time by Derby County.
1999 in D. Bolger Ladies' Night at Finbar's Hotel p. xiv Roddy Doyle had promised he would try to get along, provided the televised Chelsea match didn't go into extra time.
Draft additions March 2015
extra-large adj. very large; spec. (of an item of merchandise, esp. a garment) of a size bigger than large; (also) designating the size itself; abbreviated XL.
ΚΠ
1789 T. Smith Catal. Considerable Parcel Useful Bks 5 1 extra large do [sc. Nankin breakfast basin].
1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 196 A pair of ditto [sc. plain ovals] with extra large plated heads.
1841 in A. Smee Elements Electro-metall. 59 (advt.) Extra-large very superior Microscope, with tangent screw,..moveable stage, 2 condensers, frog plate, [etc.].
1959 Daily Times-News (Burlington, N. Carolina) 19 Nov. 7 a/3 Warm comfort without bulk for the outdoor man, shirt and drawers, size small, medium, large and extra large.
2002 Harper's Bazaar Jan. 22/1 Curve-hugging vests..and extra-large white shirts are some of the must have versions sent down the runways.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
extraprep.
/ˈɛkstrə/, U.S. /ˈɛkstrə/ rare.
Outside, externally to.
ΚΠ
1852 W. Grove in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 142 87 There was some effect exhibited extra the voltaic circuit.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
> see also
also refers to : extra-prefix
<
adj.adv.n.1776
prep.1852see also