extraneousadj.

Brit.

/ᵻkˈstreɪnɪəs/,

/ɛkˈstreɪnɪəs/, U.S.

/ɪkˈstreɪniəs/,

/ɛkˈstreɪniəs/

Etymology: < Latin extrāneus external ( < extrā outside) + -ous suffix. (Compare strange, < Old French estrange < Latin extrāneus.)

a. Of external origin; introduced or added from without; foreign to the object in which it is contained, or to which it is attached.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > coming or operating from outside or extraneous

strangec1386

alienate1533

extern1533

unnative1568

extrinsical1578

implanted1595

adventitious1603

intervenient1605

acquired1609

extrinsic1613

foreign1621

extraneous1638

adnate1642

acquisititiousa1652

external1651

adventual1656

forinsecal1658

adventine1755

extranate1856

1638 A. Read Treat. 1st Pt. Chirurg. ix. 67 Such medicaments ought not onely to consume the extraneous humidity, but the natural also.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxv. 152 Relation..though it be not contained in the real existence of Things, but something extraneous, and superinduced.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 15 Fossil, or, as they are called, extraneous shells.

1793 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. xiv. 202 Any extraneous body..may..be introduced into the bladder.

1827 J. C. Hare & A. W. Hare Guesses at Truth I. 168 Many objects are made venerable by extraneous circumstances.

1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 187 I sought in vain..for a single fragment of any extraneous rock.

1879 J. Stainer Music of Bible 159 A slight melodic framework, almost hidden beneath a load of extraneous graces.

b. Of an action, etc.: Proceeding from without.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > coming or operating from outside or extraneous > of an action

extraneous1786

1786 E. Burke Articles of Charge against W. Hastings in Wks. (1842) II. 184 Hastings did for a long time..attribute the weakness of his government to an extraneous interference.

1834 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest (ed. 4) 26 The..application of the naked ear..gives rise to extraneous sounds.

1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) ii. 40 The Low-German dialects were..exposed to extraneous disturbing forces.

1867 J. Hogg Microscope (ed. 6) i. ii. 120 Excluding extraneous light.

c. Brought from abroad, ‘exotic’.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [adjective] > strange > and foreign

WelsheOE

exotical1608

exotic1629

extraneousc1750

Arabian-night1808

c1750 W. Shenstone Elegies xviii. 58 Rob'd in the Gallic loom's extraneous twine.

a. External to, not comprised in or forming part of, the object under consideration.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective]

extrinsical1593

extraneal1618

adscititious1620

extrinsic1622

ascititious1628

extraneous1662

1662 Bates in S. Pepys Diary 17 Aug. (1970) III. 167 It is not my manner to speak anything in the pulpit that is extraneous to my text and business.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxxi. 177 When ever the Mind refers any of its Ideas to any thing extraneous to them, they are then capable to be called true or false.

1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. iii. ii. 302 Of points clearly extraneous to the religion, nothing need be said.

1865 A. Maffei Brigand Life II. 121 The question of brigandage being extraneous to all political controversies.

b. Of a person: Not belonging to a specified community, country, or family.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > [adjective] > that is a stranger or outsider

uncouthc893

outcomeeOE

fremdc950

althedyOE

foreigna1325

aliena1382

barbarous1542

barbarianc1550

stranger1593

extraneous1656

outside1826

barbaric1849

extern1866

offcomed1879

1656 R. Vines Treat. Lords-supper (1677) 212 Heathens and Infidels are excluded from this Table, because they are extraneous and without.

1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. i. 50 If at any time there were any extraneous,..persons amongst them, the Men..signifi'd their meaning to one another by symbols.

1842 T. Arnold Lect. Mod. Hist. iii. 187 It has..to feed one or more extraneous persons besides.

a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1872) 3rd Ser. ii. 20 Nearly all who are of the world are extraneous to it [the church].

†c. Foreign in nature, having nothing in common. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > non-relation > [adjective]

frenne1556

unlinked1587

untouching1602

positive1609

unrespectless1614

unrelating1655

inconnexive1660

unaccessory1664

unconcerned1668

extraneous1671

unrelative1700

unkindred1701

unrelated1701

unconnected1745

irrelate1845

unrelational1863

unakin1864

inconsequent1869

relationless1878

irrelated1886

disrelated1893

1671 J. Webster Metallographia iv. 74 Mercury one thing, and Sulpher another, as extraneous bodies one to another.

d. Music. (See quots.)

ΚΠ

1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Extraneous, an epithet applied to those sharps and flats, and those chords and modulations, which, forsaking the natural course of the diatonic intervals, digress into abstruse and chromatic evolutions of melody and harmony.

1839 Penny Cycl. XV. 296/2 Modulation may be divided into Simple, Chromatic (or extraneous), and Enharmonic.

1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 162/1 Extraneous modulation, a modulation to an extreme or unrelated key.

1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 295/1 When a remote key is reached by relative keys, the modulation is by some said to be extraneous.

1938 Oxf. Compan. Music 590/1 Beethoven.., on occasion, leapt, with little notice to the listener, into unrelated keys (Extraneous Modulation).

Derivatives

exˈtraneously adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adverb] > as being outside something

extraneously1755

exteriorly1877

1755 Bp. E. Law Consid. State World iii. 237 (note) By their being extraneously overruled.

exˈtraneousness n. the quality or state of being extraneous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [noun]

outwardness1580

externality1673

outness1694

extraneity1849

extrinsicality1852

extraneousness1881

extrinsicism1934

1881 B. F. Westcott & F. J. A. Hort New Test. in Orig. Greek II. (Mark xvi. 9–20) App. 44 Without giving any sign of extraneousness.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	extraneous
释义	extraneousadj. Brit. /ᵻkˈstreɪnɪəs/, /ɛkˈstreɪnɪəs/, U.S. /ɪkˈstreɪniəs/, /ɛkˈstreɪniəs/ Etymology: < Latin extrāneus external ( < extrā outside) + -ous suffix. (Compare strange, < Old French estrange < Latin extrāneus.) 1. a. Of external origin; introduced or added from without; foreign to the object in which it is contained, or to which it is attached. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > coming or operating from outside or extraneous strangec1386 alienate1533 extern1533 unnative1568 extrinsical1578 implanted1595 adventitious1603 intervenient1605 acquired1609 extrinsic1613 foreign1621 extraneous1638 adnate1642 acquisititiousa1652 external1651 adventual1656 forinsecal1658 adventine1755 extranate1856 1638 A. Read Treat. 1st Pt. Chirurg. ix. 67 Such medicaments ought not onely to consume the extraneous humidity, but the natural also. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxv. 152 Relation..though it be not contained in the real existence of Things, but something extraneous, and superinduced. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 15 Fossil, or, as they are called, extraneous shells. 1793 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. xiv. 202 Any extraneous body..may..be introduced into the bladder. 1827 J. C. Hare & A. W. Hare Guesses at Truth I. 168 Many objects are made venerable by extraneous circumstances. 1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 187 I sought in vain..for a single fragment of any extraneous rock. 1879 J. Stainer Music of Bible 159 A slight melodic framework, almost hidden beneath a load of extraneous graces. b. Of an action, etc.: Proceeding from without. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > coming or operating from outside or extraneous > of an action extraneous1786 1786 E. Burke Articles of Charge against W. Hastings in Wks. (1842) II. 184 Hastings did for a long time..attribute the weakness of his government to an extraneous interference. 1834 J. Forbes tr. R. T. H. Laennec Treat. Dis. Chest (ed. 4) 26 The..application of the naked ear..gives rise to extraneous sounds. 1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) ii. 40 The Low-German dialects were..exposed to extraneous disturbing forces. 1867 J. Hogg Microscope (ed. 6) i. ii. 120 Excluding extraneous light. c. Brought from abroad, ‘exotic’.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [adjective] > strange > and foreign WelsheOE exotical1608 exotic1629 extraneousc1750 Arabian-night1808 c1750 W. Shenstone Elegies xviii. 58 Rob'd in the Gallic loom's extraneous twine. 2. a. External to, not comprised in or forming part of, the object under consideration. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] extrinsical1593 extraneal1618 adscititious1620 extrinsic1622 ascititious1628 extraneous1662 1662 Bates in S. Pepys Diary 17 Aug. (1970) III. 167 It is not my manner to speak anything in the pulpit that is extraneous to my text and business. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxxi. 177 When ever the Mind refers any of its Ideas to any thing extraneous to them, they are then capable to be called true or false. 1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. iii. ii. 302 Of points clearly extraneous to the religion, nothing need be said. 1865 A. Maffei Brigand Life II. 121 The question of brigandage being extraneous to all political controversies. b. Of a person: Not belonging to a specified community, country, or family. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > [adjective] > that is a stranger or outsider uncouthc893 outcomeeOE fremdc950 althedyOE foreigna1325 aliena1382 barbarous1542 barbarianc1550 stranger1593 extraneous1656 outside1826 barbaric1849 extern1866 offcomed1879 1656 R. Vines Treat. Lords-supper (1677) 212 Heathens and Infidels are excluded from this Table, because they are extraneous and without. 1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. i. 50 If at any time there were any extraneous,..persons amongst them, the Men..signifi'd their meaning to one another by symbols. 1842 T. Arnold Lect. Mod. Hist. iii. 187 It has..to feed one or more extraneous persons besides. a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1872) 3rd Ser. ii. 20 Nearly all who are of the world are extraneous to it [the church]. †c. Foreign in nature, having nothing in common. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > non-relation > [adjective] frenne1556 unlinked1587 untouching1602 positive1609 unrespectless1614 unrelating1655 inconnexive1660 unaccessory1664 unconcerned1668 extraneous1671 unrelative1700 unkindred1701 unrelated1701 unconnected1745 irrelate1845 unrelational1863 unakin1864 inconsequent1869 relationless1878 irrelated1886 disrelated1893 1671 J. Webster Metallographia iv. 74 Mercury one thing, and Sulpher another, as extraneous bodies one to another. d. Music. (See quots.) ΚΠ 1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Extraneous, an epithet applied to those sharps and flats, and those chords and modulations, which, forsaking the natural course of the diatonic intervals, digress into abstruse and chromatic evolutions of melody and harmony. 1839 Penny Cycl. XV. 296/2 Modulation may be divided into Simple, Chromatic (or extraneous), and Enharmonic. 1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 162/1 Extraneous modulation, a modulation to an extreme or unrelated key. 1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 295/1 When a remote key is reached by relative keys, the modulation is by some said to be extraneous. 1938 Oxf. Compan. Music 590/1 Beethoven.., on occasion, leapt, with little notice to the listener, into unrelated keys (Extraneous Modulation). Derivatives exˈtraneously adv. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adverb] > as being outside something extraneously1755 exteriorly1877 1755 Bp. E. Law Consid. State World iii. 237 (note) By their being extraneously overruled. exˈtraneousness n. the quality or state of being extraneous. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [noun] outwardness1580 externality1673 outness1694 extraneity1849 extrinsicality1852 extraneousness1881 extrinsicism1934 1881 B. F. Westcott & F. J. A. Hort New Test. in Orig. Greek II. (Mark xvi. 9–20) App. 44 Without giving any sign of extraneousness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1638
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