单词 | famine |
释义 | faminen. 1. a. Extreme and general scarcity of food, in a town, country, etc.; an instance of this, a period of extreme and general dearth. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > productiveness > unproductiveness > [noun] famine1362 barrentya1382 poverty?1440 infertility1610 unfertileness1611 non-production1656 non-productiveness1848 unfructuosity1884 zero growth1907 the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine hungerc1000 dear1297 deartha1325 fault1340 famine1362 barrennessa1425 affaminea1450 enfaminea1450 wantc1450 scarceness1481 Lang Reeda1525 famishment1526 cleanness of teeth1560 breadlessness1860 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vii. 309 Famyn schal a-Ryse Þorw Flodes and foul weder. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxxvi. f. cixv By reason wherof ensued a great famyne. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iv. f. 20v The violent famine dyd frustrate all these appoyntmentes. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 157 If in a great famine he take the food by force. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. 285 A long and general famine was a calamity of a more serious kind. 1860 R. W. Emerson Fate in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 17 Famine..war..and effete races, must be reckoned calculable parts of the system of the world. b. personified. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine > personified famine1610 1610 Histrio-mastix vi. 16 Thin Famine needs must follow Poverty. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 185 He calls for Famine, and the meagre fiend..taints the golden ear. 2. transferred. An extreme dearth or scarcity of something specified, material or immaterial. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything littleOE dear cheapc1325 dearth1340 scanta1350 scantityc1386 scarcenessa1387 scarcitya1400 chertea1420 penury?a1425 poverty?1440 penuritya1500 geason1509 carity1530 scantness1543 famishment1569 fewty1596 famine1611 stint1651 grutch1815 1611 Bible (King James) Amos viii. 11 I will send a famine in the land, not a famine of bread..but of hearing the words of the Lord. View more context for this quotation 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 184 These Negroes..haue no famine of Natures gifts and blessings. 1681 R. Knox Hist. Relation Ceylon 153 I..lamented under the Famine of Gods Word and Sacraments. 1888 Liverpool Daily Post 26 June 4/8 The threatened water famine. 1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Nov. 3/3 The perennial talk of an ivory famine has as yet come to nothing. 3. Want of food, hunger; hence, starvation. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > starvation or action of starving hungerc825 faminec1405 pininga1450 famishmentc1470 famishing1490 starving1549 pine1567 affamishment1588 hunger-starving1592 starvation1762 clemming1773 starvation1775 c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) Prol. l. 123 Sholde hir children sterue for famyne. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xiv. 224 The Citee..was right stronge, that nothynge ne dowted, saf only for famyn. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 541 That auncient and vsuall punishment of famine. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. v. 38 If thou speak'st false [printed fhlse], Vpon the next Tree shall thou hang aliue Till Famine cling thee. View more context for this quotation 1773 Observ. State Poor 8 More really die of famine than those who are found. 1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville III. 101 Their horses..had recovered from past famine and fatigue. 4. Violent appetite, as of a famished person; chiefly figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > extreme hunger famine1393 ragec1515 ravina1657 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 32 Of love the famine I fonde..To fede. 1600 T. Dekker Old Fortunatus sig. K4v The famine of base gold Hath made your soules to murders hands be sold. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 847 Death Grinnd horrible a gastly smile, to hear His famine should be fill'd. View more context for this quotation 1858 Middleton Shelley I. xvii. 168 He..shall never cease thirsting, but, striving ever to quench his thirst..shall only render it so much the more the famine of his nature. CompoundsGeneral attributive. C1. Simple attributive. famine-blight n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > environmental disorders > [noun] > famine famine-blight1845 the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck > instance of misfortune or ill-luck > dreadful or severe > caused by famine famine-blight1845 1845 C. Norton Child of Islands 111 Famine-blights that swept from east to west. famine-prices n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > high price or rate > [noun] > high prices dear cheapc1325 famine-prices1847 1847 Builder 29 May 256/2 The famine prices of provisions. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits x. 171 Bread rose to famine prices. famine relief n. (cf. relief n.2 3a.) ΚΠ 1876 Correspondence on Famine in W. & S. India i. 13 in Parl. Papers 1877 (C. 1707) LXV. 1 In my letter of 25th August last..I pointed out the necessity of starting famine relief works. 1963 Listener 17 Jan. 108/2 Such young people seek their own expression in such positive forms of political action as work projects and famine relief. famine-wolf n. ΚΠ 1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 Sept. 7/1 Russia at present is..anxious to muzzle the famine wolf. C2. Instrumental. famine-hollowed adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > [adjective] > thin leanc1000 thinc1000 swonga1300 meagrea1398 empty?c1400 (as) thin (also lean, rank) as a rakec1405 macilent?a1425 rawc1425 gauntc1440 to be skin and bone (also bones)c1450 leany?a1475 swampc1480 scarrya1500 pinched1514 extenuate1528 lean-fleshed1535 carrion-lean1542 spare1548 lank1553 carrion1565 brawn-fallen1578 raw-bone1590 scraggeda1591 thin-bellied1591 rake-lean1593 bare-boned1594 forlorn1594 Lented1594 lean-looked1597 shotten herring1598 spiny1598 starved1598 thin-belly1598 raw-boned1600 larbar1603 meagry?1603 fleshless1605 scraggy1611 ballow1612 lank-leana1616 skinnya1616 hagged1616 scraggling1616 carrion-like1620 extenuated1620 thin-gutted1620 haggard1630 scrannel1638 leanisha1645 skeletontal1651 overlean1657 emaciated1665 slank1668 lathy1672 emaciate1676 nithered1691 emacerated1704 lean-looking1713 scranky1735 squinny-gut(s)1742 mauger1756 squinny1784 angular1789 etiolated1791 as thin (also lean) as a rail1795 wiry1808 slink1817 scranny1820 famine-hollowed1822 sharp featured1824 reedy1830 scrawny1833 stringy1833 lean-ribbeda1845 skeletony1852 famine-pinched1856 shelly1866 flesh-fallen1876 thinnish1884 all horn and hide1890 unfurnished1893 bone-thin1899 underweight1899 asthenic1925 skin-and-bony1935 skinny-malinky1940 skeletal1952 pencil-neck1960 1822 Ld. Byron Werner i. i. 119 This..famine-hollow'd brow. famine-pinched adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > [adjective] > thin leanc1000 thinc1000 swonga1300 meagrea1398 empty?c1400 (as) thin (also lean, rank) as a rakec1405 macilent?a1425 rawc1425 gauntc1440 to be skin and bone (also bones)c1450 leany?a1475 swampc1480 scarrya1500 pinched1514 extenuate1528 lean-fleshed1535 carrion-lean1542 spare1548 lank1553 carrion1565 brawn-fallen1578 raw-bone1590 scraggeda1591 thin-bellied1591 rake-lean1593 bare-boned1594 forlorn1594 Lented1594 lean-looked1597 shotten herring1598 spiny1598 starved1598 thin-belly1598 raw-boned1600 larbar1603 meagry?1603 fleshless1605 scraggy1611 ballow1612 lank-leana1616 skinnya1616 hagged1616 scraggling1616 carrion-like1620 extenuated1620 thin-gutted1620 haggard1630 scrannel1638 leanisha1645 skeletontal1651 overlean1657 emaciated1665 slank1668 lathy1672 emaciate1676 nithered1691 emacerated1704 lean-looking1713 scranky1735 squinny-gut(s)1742 mauger1756 squinny1784 angular1789 etiolated1791 as thin (also lean) as a rail1795 wiry1808 slink1817 scranny1820 famine-hollowed1822 sharp featured1824 reedy1830 scrawny1833 stringy1833 lean-ribbeda1845 skeletony1852 famine-pinched1856 shelly1866 flesh-fallen1876 thinnish1884 all horn and hide1890 unfurnished1893 bone-thin1899 underweight1899 asthenic1925 skin-and-bony1935 skinny-malinky1940 skeletal1952 pencil-neck1960 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. xxi. 206 These famine-pinched wanderers of the ice. C3. famine-bread n. a species of lichen ( Umbilicaria arctica). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > other lichens cup-moss1597 ground liverwort1597 Usnea1597 perelle1712 oak moss1728 necklace moss1759 rag1759 thrush-lichen1759 Iceland lichen1777 Iceland moss1785 map lichen1796 scripture-wort1835 letter lichen1846 dog lichen1853 fairy cups1855 velvet moss1858 manna lichen1864 tree-hair1866 famine-bread1887 old man's beard1888 sea ivory1966 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 409 The so-called ‘famine-bread’..which has maintained the life of so many arctic travellers. famine-fever n. (a) typhus; (b) relapsing fever. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > typhus or typhoid putrid fever1597 pestilential fever1617 tabardillo1624 synochus1625 Hungaric fever1661 typhus1664 military fever1736 jail distemper1745 hospital fever1750 jail-fever1754 ship-fever1758 typhus fever1780 typhoid fever1789 gastric fever1802 dothinenteritis1826 enteric fever1833 typhoid1837 pythogenic fever1858 thanatotyphus1860 typh fever1861 enteric1872 famine-fever1876 Red River fever1878 laryngo-typhus1888 laryngo-typhoid1896 typh fever1900 paratyphoid1904 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > other fevers fever hectica1398 emitrichie1398 hectic1398 etisie1527 emphysode fever1547 frenzy-fever1613 purple fever1623 prunella1656 marcid fever1666 remittent1693 feveret1712 rheumatic fever1726 milk fever1739 stationary fever1742 febricula1746 milky fever1747 camp-disease1753 camp-fever1753 sun fever1765 recurrent fever1768 rose fever1782 tooth-fever1788 sensitive fever1794 forest-fever1799 white leg1801 hill-fever1804 Walcheren fever1810 Mediterranean fever1816 malignant1825 relapsing fever1828 rose cold1831 date fever1836 rose catarrh1845 Walcheren ague1847 mountain fever1849 mill fever1850 Malta fever1863 bilge-fever1867 Oroya fever1873 hyperpyrexia1875 famine-fever1876 East Coast fever1881 spirillum fevera1883 kala azar1883 black water1884 febricule1887 urine fever1888 undulant fever1896 rabbit fever1898 rat bite fever1910 Rhodesian sleeping sickness1911 sandfly fever1911 tularaemia1921 sodoku1926 brucellosis1930 Rift Valley fever1931 Zika1952 Lassa fever1970 Marburg1983 1876 ‘Ouida’ In Winter City iii. 45 Is it not a famine fever which never comes near a well-laden table? 1877 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 132 Relapsing fever prevails generally during periods of famine, and has hence been called famine-fever. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † faminev. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To distress with famine; to kill or subdue with hunger; to starve. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by starving asterveOE famine1520 starve1570 to famish to deatha1649 the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > hunger for [verb (transitive)] > starve famec1384 hunger-starve1390 enfamisha1400 famisha1400 forclemc1400 famine1520 starve1570 hunger1575 clem?c1600 effamisha1603 affamish1615 1520 Chron. Eng. vi. f. 69v/2 He was put in the castell Aungell, and was famyned to dethe. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccviii. 711 The flemynges thought by this siege to famyne them within. 2. intransitive. To suffer, or die of, hunger; to starve. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > manner of death > die in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > die of hunger astervec1000 enfamine138. bursta1440 famish1530 famine1553 starve1578 affamish1622 the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > be hungry [verb (intransitive)] > be starving starvelOE enfaimlec1475 to have cold at the teeth1484 to have the teeth cold1484 famish1535 to famish away1535 famine1553 starve1578 clem1600 affamish1622 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Hvv For wante of vitayles & foode, they begonne to famyne. 1596 T. Bell Suruey Popery iii. x. 412 It grieueth him to behold others famine. DerivativesΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [adjective] > hungry > starving or starved hungryc950 ofhungeredOE hungeredc1425 famylousc1475 forhungered1481 hunger-starvena1533 starven1546 hunger-bit1549 hunger-bitten1549 affamished1554 starved1563 starving1581 gaunted1582 famishing1587 food-sick1587 hunger-starving1592 famined1622 gut-foundered1647 hunger-starved1647 starved-gut1653 half-starved1667 clemmed1674 nushed1691 pinch-gutted1704 starve-gutted1726 clemming1773 clung1807 1622 H. Sydenham Serm. (1637) 178 Rather..than sacrifice the remainder of a famin'd body to an honourable death. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。