fatherlessadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈfɑːðələs/, U.S.

/ˈfɑðərləs/

Forms: see father n. and -less suffix; also early Old English feadurleas (Mercian).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: father n., -less suffix.

Etymology: < father n. + -less suffix. Compare Middle Dutch vāderloos (Dutch vaderloos), Middle Low German vāderlōs, Old High German faterlōs (Middle High German vaterlōs, German vaterlos), Old Swedish faþurlös (Swedish faderlös), and also (with the first element in the genitive) Old Icelandic fǫðurlauss.With Old English (early Mercian) feadurlēas compare the early Mercian genitive singular form feadur and also Old Icelandic fǫðurlauss (with the first element fǫður , genitive of faðir ); compare discussion of the genitive forms at father n. Such forms probably reflect the origin of the suffix as a separate adjective governing the genitive (see discussion at -less suffix).

A. adj.

1. Without a father (in various senses of the noun); having no father. Also: involving or characterized by the lack of a father.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > having (specific) parents > having a father > fatherless

fatherlessOE

unfathereda1586

sireless1605

dadless1606

OE Homily: Sermonem Angelorum Nomina (Corpus Cambr. 419) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 228 Gif ge willað..fylstan widewum and fæderleasum and moderleasum cildum.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 8 Helpen widewen & federlase children.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10927 Þu hauest..vre children imaken faderlese.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 6739 (MED) To him þat faderles is.

1424–5 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 57 (MED) When Almyghty god list to take me oute of þis wreched world to his mercy, þan shall he be left faderles and moderles.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 35 Sholde ye not haue sought the fadirles childe.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III ii. ii. 64 Our fatherlesse distresse was left vnmoand.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. ii. 76 The commonwealth was half fatherlesse as it were, for the losse of a Consull.

a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 31 Ghuest-houses, one for impovered and impotent persons, another for fatherless children.

1719 J. Richardson Sci. Connoisseur 127 We can be satisfied we are not..exposed here in a Fatherless World.

1778 F. Burney Evelina II. xix. 165 Though motherless, though worse than fatherless, bereft from infancy of the two first and greatest blessings of life, never has she had cause to deplore their loss.

1809 R. Southey Thalaba (ed. 2) I. i. 4 The widowed mother and the fatherless boy.

1882 Cent. Mag. Feb. 619/2 The fellow-beings whom she saw as orphans with her in a fatherless universe.

1915 Brownwood (Texas) Bull. 14 Nov. 8/4 The shrapnelled cripple, the war widow and the fatherless children.

1975 Times 12 Nov. 17/4 All this he ascribes to Swift's fatherless and penniless beginnings.

2004 New Yorker 19 Jan. 83/2 He had always been fatherless; now, with the fall of Austria-Hungary at the end of the war, he was stateless.

2. figurative. Of a book, statement, etc.: without a known author; anonymous. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > naming > anonymity or lack of a name > [adjective] > of unknown authorship or provenance

nameless1529

fatherless1541

authorless1613

anon.?1696

unassigned1868

masterless1899

unattributable1967

1541 R. Whitford Dyuers Holy Instrucyons & Teachynges Pref. sig. A.ii Be you ware therfore of all suche fatherles bokes, that nother haue the name of the auctour, nor of the translatour.

1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 43 There's already a thousand fatherlesse tales amongst vs.

1641 R. Greville Disc. Nature Episcopacie ii. i. 67 A fatherlesse Treatise of Timothy's Martyrdome.

1677 W. Wycherley Plain-dealer ii. 20 He a Wit! hang him, he's only an Adopter of stragling Jests, and fatherless Lampoons.

1732 London Mag. 1 78 To call that a fatherless Story.

1803 Pic Nic No. 14. 7 She humanely adopted several fatherless essays..that were wandering about the world.

1840 Sheffield & Rotherham Independent 19 Dec. 8/5 Those who send their spawn of lies fatherless into the world..are a pitiful, skulking, anonymous coterie.

1921 Washington Hist. Q. 12 52 This article will deal with the reason for its fatherless appearance and will hazard a guess—if such it can be called—as to the identity of the author.

1968 L. R. N. Ashley Authorship & Evid. xv. 53 The debate is most often joined when a critic sees in a fatherless work some characteristics which he thinks he recognizes as those of a known author.

B. n.

With plural agreement. Usually with the. Fatherless people or fatherless children as a class. Formerly also with singular agreement: a fatherless person or child.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > fatherless children

fatherlesseOE

eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xciii. 6 Viduam et aduenam interfecerunt et pupillos occiderunt : widwan & wrecan ofslogun & feadurlease [OE Cambridge Psalter fædyrlease] ofslogun.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 75 To þe faderles was he rath.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 62 (MED) Helpiþ in ȝor dome to þe faderles and moderles, and defendiþ þe widow.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xciii. A They murthur the widdowe and the straunger, and put the fatherlesse to death.

1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. F4^v To patronage the fatherles and poore.

1611 Bible (King James) Psalms lxviii. 5 A father of the fatherlesse .

1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man Priv. Devot. 568 Be a Father to the fatherless,..and administer to every one according to their several necessities.

1745 R. Dodsley Trifles 227 Ask the cries of the Fatherless, they shall tell thee.

1776 J. Wesley Let. 26 Feb. (1931) VI. 208 Visit the poor, the widow, the sick, the fatherless in their affliction.

1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab iii. 32 Hearest thou not The curses of the fatherless?

1852 Jrnl. Senate of State N.Y. 13 The paternal guardianship of the Legislature has been extended to the fatherless, the insane, and even to the idiotic.

1901 Amer. Jewish Yearbk. 3 216 Appeals for material assistance for the poor, the suffering, and the fatherless have always met with a ready response.

1944 Rotarian Dec. 33/3 New Zealand's memorial of gratitude to the fallen and its legacy of duty to the fatherless.

2014 Australian (Nexis) 2 Aug. 21 Hip hop was a readymade culture for the fatherless, those born of fracture.

Derivatives

ˈfatherlessness n. the lack of a father.

ΚΠ

1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (cix. 8) ii. f. 128^v/1 The widowhoode of the wife, and the fatherlesnesse of the children.

a1631 R. Bolton Short Disc. conc. Vsury (1637) 49 Widow-hood, and Fatherlesnesse, in respect of the former state of having Husband and Parents, are a state of Humiliation, for the outward condition of this life.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. I Fatherlessness, the State or Condition of being without a Father.

1874 Temperance Rec. 10 Oct. 483 He..recollected the suffering of the young widow and the fatherlessness of the children.

1925 Social Forces Sept. 88/2 The disorganization attending fatherlessness and the absence of working mothers.

2013 USA Today (Nexis) 22 Mar. 1 a Inner-city neighborhoods plagued by fatherlessness and all the suffering it produces.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	fatherless
释义	fatherlessadj.n. Brit. /ˈfɑːðələs/, U.S. /ˈfɑðərləs/ Forms: see father n. and -less suffix; also early Old English feadurleas (Mercian). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: father n., -less suffix. Etymology: < father n. + -less suffix. Compare Middle Dutch vāderloos (Dutch vaderloos), Middle Low German vāderlōs, Old High German faterlōs (Middle High German vaterlōs, German vaterlos), Old Swedish faþurlös (Swedish faderlös), and also (with the first element in the genitive) Old Icelandic fǫðurlauss.With Old English (early Mercian) feadurlēas compare the early Mercian genitive singular form feadur and also Old Icelandic fǫðurlauss (with the first element fǫður , genitive of faðir ); compare discussion of the genitive forms at father n. Such forms probably reflect the origin of the suffix as a separate adjective governing the genitive (see discussion at -less suffix). A. adj. 1. Without a father (in various senses of the noun); having no father. Also: involving or characterized by the lack of a father. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > having (specific) parents > having a father > fatherless fatherlessOE unfathereda1586 sireless1605 dadless1606 OE Homily: Sermonem Angelorum Nomina (Corpus Cambr. 419) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 228 Gif ge willað..fylstan widewum and fæderleasum and moderleasum cildum. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 8 Helpen widewen & federlase children. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10927 Þu hauest..vre children imaken faderlese. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 6739 (MED) To him þat faderles is. 1424–5 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 57 (MED) When Almyghty god list to take me oute of þis wreched world to his mercy, þan shall he be left faderles and moderles. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 35 Sholde ye not haue sought the fadirles childe. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III ii. ii. 64 Our fatherlesse distresse was left vnmoand. View more context for this quotation 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. ii. 76 The commonwealth was half fatherlesse as it were, for the losse of a Consull. a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 31 Ghuest-houses, one for impovered and impotent persons, another for fatherless children. 1719 J. Richardson Sci. Connoisseur 127 We can be satisfied we are not..exposed here in a Fatherless World. 1778 F. Burney Evelina II. xix. 165 Though motherless, though worse than fatherless, bereft from infancy of the two first and greatest blessings of life, never has she had cause to deplore their loss. 1809 R. Southey Thalaba (ed. 2) I. i. 4 The widowed mother and the fatherless boy. 1882 Cent. Mag. Feb. 619/2 The fellow-beings whom she saw as orphans with her in a fatherless universe. 1915 Brownwood (Texas) Bull. 14 Nov. 8/4 The shrapnelled cripple, the war widow and the fatherless children. 1975 Times 12 Nov. 17/4 All this he ascribes to Swift's fatherless and penniless beginnings. 2004 New Yorker 19 Jan. 83/2 He had always been fatherless; now, with the fall of Austria-Hungary at the end of the war, he was stateless. 2. figurative. Of a book, statement, etc.: without a known author; anonymous. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > anonymity or lack of a name > [adjective] > of unknown authorship or provenance nameless1529 fatherless1541 authorless1613 anon.?1696 unassigned1868 masterless1899 unattributable1967 1541 R. Whitford Dyuers Holy Instrucyons & Teachynges Pref. sig. A.ii Be you ware therfore of all suche fatherles bokes, that nother haue the name of the auctour, nor of the translatour. 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 43 There's already a thousand fatherlesse tales amongst vs. 1641 R. Greville Disc. Nature Episcopacie ii. i. 67 A fatherlesse Treatise of Timothy's Martyrdome. 1677 W. Wycherley Plain-dealer ii. 20 He a Wit! hang him, he's only an Adopter of stragling Jests, and fatherless Lampoons. 1732 London Mag. 1 78 To call that a fatherless Story. 1803 Pic Nic No. 14. 7 She humanely adopted several fatherless essays..that were wandering about the world. 1840 Sheffield & Rotherham Independent 19 Dec. 8/5 Those who send their spawn of lies fatherless into the world..are a pitiful, skulking, anonymous coterie. 1921 Washington Hist. Q. 12 52 This article will deal with the reason for its fatherless appearance and will hazard a guess—if such it can be called—as to the identity of the author. 1968 L. R. N. Ashley Authorship & Evid. xv. 53 The debate is most often joined when a critic sees in a fatherless work some characteristics which he thinks he recognizes as those of a known author. B. n. With plural agreement. Usually with the. Fatherless people or fatherless children as a class. Formerly also with singular agreement: a fatherless person or child. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > fatherless children fatherlesseOE eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xciii. 6 Viduam et aduenam interfecerunt et pupillos occiderunt : widwan & wrecan ofslogun & feadurlease [OE Cambridge Psalter fædyrlease] ofslogun. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 75 To þe faderles was he rath. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 62 (MED) Helpiþ in ȝor dome to þe faderles and moderles, and defendiþ þe widow. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xciii. A They murthur the widdowe and the straunger, and put the fatherlesse to death. 1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. F4^v To patronage the fatherles and poore. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Psalms lxviii. 5 A father of the fatherlesse . View more context for this quotation 1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man Priv. Devot. 568 Be a Father to the fatherless,..and administer to every one according to their several necessities. 1745 R. Dodsley Trifles 227 Ask the cries of the Fatherless, they shall tell thee. 1776 J. Wesley Let. 26 Feb. (1931) VI. 208 Visit the poor, the widow, the sick, the fatherless in their affliction. 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab iii. 32 Hearest thou not The curses of the fatherless? 1852 Jrnl. Senate of State N.Y. 13 The paternal guardianship of the Legislature has been extended to the fatherless, the insane, and even to the idiotic. 1901 Amer. Jewish Yearbk. 3 216 Appeals for material assistance for the poor, the suffering, and the fatherless have always met with a ready response. 1944 Rotarian Dec. 33/3 New Zealand's memorial of gratitude to the fallen and its legacy of duty to the fatherless. 2014 Australian (Nexis) 2 Aug. 21 Hip hop was a readymade culture for the fatherless, those born of fracture. Derivatives ˈfatherlessness n. the lack of a father. ΚΠ 1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (cix. 8) ii. f. 128^v/1 The widowhoode of the wife, and the fatherlesnesse of the children. a1631 R. Bolton Short Disc. conc. Vsury (1637) 49 Widow-hood, and Fatherlesnesse, in respect of the former state of having Husband and Parents, are a state of Humiliation, for the outward condition of this life. 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. I Fatherlessness, the State or Condition of being without a Father. 1874 Temperance Rec. 10 Oct. 483 He..recollected the suffering of the young widow and the fatherlessness of the children. 1925 Social Forces Sept. 88/2 The disorganization attending fatherlessness and the absence of working mothers. 2013 USA Today (Nexis) 22 Mar. 1 a Inner-city neighborhoods plagued by fatherlessness and all the suffering it produces. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.eOE
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