feminizationn.

Brit.

/ˌfɛmᵻnʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌfɛmənəˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌfɛməˌnaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1800s– feminisation, 1800s– feminization.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: feminize v., -ation suffix.

Etymology: < feminize v. + -ation suffix. Compare French féminisation (1788). Compare femininization n.

a. The action or result of making a person or thing feminine (in various senses); an instance of this.Frequently, esp. in earlier use, with negative connotations.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > woman > [noun] > making or becoming

feminizing1834

femininization1844

feminization1844

femininizing1869

1844 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. (new Amer. ed.) Apr. 510/1 There is a sweetness, a softness, and feminization of tone, in the lower passages.

1886 H. James Bostonians III. ii. xxxiv. 52 ‘To save it [sc. the male sex] from what?’ she asked. ‘From the most damnable feminisation!’

1916 Statist. State Univ. & State Coll. (U.S. Bureau Educ.) 112 The criticism that our school system is tending toward a feminization of the children is a just one.

1960 20th Cent. May 401 The process of softening in the worker. I should..call it his feminization.

1998 Independent on Sunday 30 Aug. (Review Suppl.) 5/1 The ‘feminisation’ of our values, which are now thought to be softer and less aggressive.

b. The giving of a feminine form or inflection to a word; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > gender > [noun] > feminine > conversion into

feminization1891

1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians 115 Their [sc. Polish speakers'] careless and light-hearted feminisation of a verb.

1909 H. Charles Romance of Name Amer. 10 We have America—a simple but perfectly correct feminization of the word Americus.

1974 A. K. Mellor Blake's Human Form Divine i. 21 The possible reference to the Hebraic gods and the Christian angels in ‘Mne’ (perhaps a deliberate feminization of ‘Bne’) and ‘Seraphim’.

2001 L. Walsh tr. S. Agacinski Parity of Sexes p. xxiv The current promotion of women in our societies has sometimes brought with it..the feminization of masculine nouns.

2. The process by which an activity, condition, etc., becomes especially or increasingly associated with women. Chiefly with of, esp. (in later use) in feminization of poverty.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > [noun] > process > types of

cantonizing1611

diffusion1871

social differentiation1872

acculturation1880

feminization1901

mobilization1911

acculturalization1929

mimesis1934

schismogenesis1935

stimulus diffusion1940

transculturation1941

nativism1943

massification1946

villagization1954

the mind > possession > wealth > [noun] > process of associating poverty with women

feminization of poverty1978

1901 Liberty Rev. 15 July 152/2 The ever-widening influence of women in politics, and, indeed, in every department of life—the feminisation of our institutions, as it may be called.

1931 N.Y. Times 24 July 19/5 He decried the ‘almost complete feminization’ in the elementary schools, adding that in European schools a larger proportion of the teachers had been men.

1961 Libr. Q. 31 331/1 The feminization of librarianship in America has been a prominent development since 1887.

1978 D. Pearce in Urban & Social Change Rev. 11 i–ii. 35/1 The major implication for policy of both the feminization of poverty and the increasing labor-force participation of welfare mothers is that gender cannot be ignored.

1982 Sci. Amer. Sept. 145/1 The feminization of clerical work has continued: in 1980, 97 percent of typists in the U.S. were women, as were 89 percent of stenographers.

2001 Indiaweekly 16 Mar. 47/4 Due to the feminisation of poverty..women work as hard, if not harder than the men without any recognition from either the family, community or the government.

3. Biology and Medicine. The development of female sexual characteristics by a male animal or plant; the occurrence of female sexual characteristics in a person who is genetically male. Cf. feminism n. 2.testicular feminization: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > sex and gender > female > [noun] > feminization

feminization1916

1916 Science 28 Apr. 612/2 The results are analogous to Steinach's feminization of male rats and masculinization of females by heterosexual transplantation of gonads into castrated infantile specimens.

1957 New Biol. 23 16 The time of transition to female flower formation provides a convenient index of the ‘feminization’ of the plant.

1975 Metabolism 24 1017 Feminization occurring in chronic alcoholic men has not been fully explained.

1998 New Scientist 24 Jan. 5/3 Researchers from Brunel University found a direct correlation between the concentration of sewage in rivers and the severity of feminisation in male roach—including eggs in the testes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	feminization
释义	feminizationn. Brit. /ˌfɛmᵻnʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌfɛmənəˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌfɛməˌnaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1800s– feminisation, 1800s– feminization. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: feminize v., -ation suffix. Etymology: < feminize v. + -ation suffix. Compare French féminisation (1788). Compare femininization n. 1. a. The action or result of making a person or thing feminine (in various senses); an instance of this.Frequently, esp. in earlier use, with negative connotations. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > woman > [noun] > making or becoming feminizing1834 femininization1844 feminization1844 femininizing1869 1844 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. (new Amer. ed.) Apr. 510/1 There is a sweetness, a softness, and feminization of tone, in the lower passages. 1886 H. James Bostonians III. ii. xxxiv. 52 ‘To save it [sc. the male sex] from what?’ she asked. ‘From the most damnable feminisation!’ 1916 Statist. State Univ. & State Coll. (U.S. Bureau Educ.) 112 The criticism that our school system is tending toward a feminization of the children is a just one. 1960 20th Cent. May 401 The process of softening in the worker. I should..call it his feminization. 1998 Independent on Sunday 30 Aug. (Review Suppl.) 5/1 The ‘feminisation’ of our values, which are now thought to be softer and less aggressive. b. The giving of a feminine form or inflection to a word; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > gender > [noun] > feminine > conversion into feminization1891 1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians 115 Their [sc. Polish speakers'] careless and light-hearted feminisation of a verb. 1909 H. Charles Romance of Name Amer. 10 We have America—a simple but perfectly correct feminization of the word Americus. 1974 A. K. Mellor Blake's Human Form Divine i. 21 The possible reference to the Hebraic gods and the Christian angels in ‘Mne’ (perhaps a deliberate feminization of ‘Bne’) and ‘Seraphim’. 2001 L. Walsh tr. S. Agacinski Parity of Sexes p. xxiv The current promotion of women in our societies has sometimes brought with it..the feminization of masculine nouns. 2. The process by which an activity, condition, etc., becomes especially or increasingly associated with women. Chiefly with of, esp. (in later use) in feminization of poverty. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > [noun] > process > types of cantonizing1611 diffusion1871 social differentiation1872 acculturation1880 feminization1901 mobilization1911 acculturalization1929 mimesis1934 schismogenesis1935 stimulus diffusion1940 transculturation1941 nativism1943 massification1946 villagization1954 the mind > possession > wealth > [noun] > process of associating poverty with women feminization of poverty1978 1901 Liberty Rev. 15 July 152/2 The ever-widening influence of women in politics, and, indeed, in every department of life—the feminisation of our institutions, as it may be called. 1931 N.Y. Times 24 July 19/5 He decried the ‘almost complete feminization’ in the elementary schools, adding that in European schools a larger proportion of the teachers had been men. 1961 Libr. Q. 31 331/1 The feminization of librarianship in America has been a prominent development since 1887. 1978 D. Pearce in Urban & Social Change Rev. 11 i–ii. 35/1 The major implication for policy of both the feminization of poverty and the increasing labor-force participation of welfare mothers is that gender cannot be ignored. 1982 Sci. Amer. Sept. 145/1 The feminization of clerical work has continued: in 1980, 97 percent of typists in the U.S. were women, as were 89 percent of stenographers. 2001 Indiaweekly 16 Mar. 47/4 Due to the feminisation of poverty..women work as hard, if not harder than the men without any recognition from either the family, community or the government. 3. Biology and Medicine. The development of female sexual characteristics by a male animal or plant; the occurrence of female sexual characteristics in a person who is genetically male. Cf. feminism n. 2.testicular feminization: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > life > sex and gender > female > [noun] > feminization feminization1916 1916 Science 28 Apr. 612/2 The results are analogous to Steinach's feminization of male rats and masculinization of females by heterosexual transplantation of gonads into castrated infantile specimens. 1957 New Biol. 23 16 The time of transition to female flower formation provides a convenient index of the ‘feminization’ of the plant. 1975 Metabolism 24 1017 Feminization occurring in chronic alcoholic men has not been fully explained. 1998 New Scientist 24 Jan. 5/3 Researchers from Brunel University found a direct correlation between the concentration of sewage in rivers and the severity of feminisation in male roach—including eggs in the testes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1844
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