| 释义 |
findaln. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of find v. + the Germanic base of -le suffix (compare -le suffix 1).In Old English apparently a strong feminine (fyndel ), with i-mutation of the stem vowel (y < earlier u ) caused by the original i of the suffix. The β. forms may partly show suffix substitution (compare -els suffix) and partly show the reflex of a parallel development < find v. + -els suffix or their Germanic bases; compare Danish †findelse finding, discovery, invention (early 17th cent.). Use in the plural with collective sense may have acted as a motivating factor for the former development, but such evidence is late (compare sense 2b). The early Middle English form findles (from a south-west midland text in which a mid front rounded stem vowel (spelt u ) is expected: see quot. ?c1225 at sense 1) would appear to suggest the latter development. the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > invention, devising > [noun] > an invention, device the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > inventive or creative faculty > [noun] > creative design or product OE tr. Defensor (1969) xxix. 211 Da altissimo secundum datum eius, et in bono oculo ad inuentionem, id est lucrum uel conpositionem, fac manuum tuarum : syle þam hehstan æfter sylene his & on godum eage to fyndele do handa þinra. OE (Tiber.) (1993) vi. 7 Ne..singuli, si suam..adinuentionem suapte presumptuosi eligerent, excellentissimum sancte obedientię fructum..amitterent : þæt na..syndrige gif hi hyra..fyndele on hyra wisan þristfulle gecuran þæne mærustan halige [prob. read haligre] hyrsumnysse wæstm..forleton. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 4 Þeo vttere riwle..is monnes findles [c1230 Corpus fundles, a1400 Pepys fyndels], for nan þing elles nis heo italt bute to seruin þe inre. c1230 (?a1200) (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 104 Herto limpeð alswa luðere neowe fundles [L. adinuentiones] & leasunges ladliche. 2. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 155 (MED) Teouðen mis, edhalde quide, fundles [c1230 Corpus Cambr. fundles, a1400 Pepys fyndels; L. inuentum] oðer lane, nis þis ȝiscunge, þeofðe? a1325 (2011) xxiii. 83 Ant ȝif ani vindeles ben ifunden; ant also, if ani comeling be withholde. 1808 J. Jamieson Findle, any thing found; also the act of finding [northern Scots]. 1879 G. F. Jackson at Fundless I 'ad sich a fundless this mornin'... I fund our paas'n's pus, an' 'e gid me 'afe-a-crownd fur the findin'. 1896 G. F. Northall 79 Findless, Fundless, anything found by accident; treasure-trove. the mind > possession > acquisition > [noun] > that which is obtained or acquired > an acquisition or gain > treasure trove 1524 in W. Holloway (1847) iii. ii. 482 Received for a findal of a master of a ship in the church 0 6 8. 1525 in W. Boys (1792) 775 Findalls to be ordered by the mayor, bailiff, and jurats, where they happen [etc.] 1570 in W. Boys (1792) 775 Wrecks and fyndalls floating, and the half of all wrecks and fyndalls jottsome. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Charter Edward I in (new ed.) I. 117 And that they [sc. Barons] shall haue their findelles in the sea and in the land. 1629 in W. Boys (1792) 775 Wrecks and findals. 1813 J. Lyon I. xv. 274 They again admitted, that he might take one-third of all wrecks and findals floating, and one-half of all jetsan wrecks. 1897 R. G. Marsden II. p. xxxiii A ship in distress was probably treated as a findall, without a very close examination as to whether or no her crew had abandoned her as derelict. 1935 K. M. E. Murray vii. 124 By the fifteenth century the Warden's claim to these profits was officially recognised and his commission entitled him to all shares, findals, emoluments and profits whatsoever. 1993 G. Brice (ed. 2) i. 6 The right of salvors seems to have been a precarious right to a half or some other share of findals, derelict or waifs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.OE |
