animusn.

Brit.

/ˈanᵻməs/, U.S.

/ˈænəməs/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin animus.

Etymology: < classical Latin animus mind, soul, mind as the organ of thought, mind as the originator of intentions, design, purpose, intention, mind as the seat of desire or volition, desire, inclination, enthusiasm, mind as the seat of feelings and emotions, anger, animosity, pride, courage, disposition, character < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek ἄνεμος wind < a suffixed form of the Indo-European base of Sanskrit an- to breathe, Early Irish anaid stays, remains, Gothic -on (preterite; in uzon died, literally ‘breathed out’) and (with different suffixes) Early Irish anál , Old English anda , anoða strong emotion (compare onde n.).On distinctions in antiquity and later between animus and anima see discussion at anima n.

1. Chiefly Philosophy. The rational soul; mind, will, spirit. Contrasted with anima n. 1. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > ontology > [noun] > being or entity > vital principle in

animaOE

animusOE

soulc1300

three souls1587

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 20 Heo [sc. the soul] is on bocum manegum naman gecyged be hyre weorces þenungum. Hyre nama is anima, þæt is sawul, and seo nama gelympð to hire life... Heo is animus, þæt is mod, þonne heo wat.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iii. v. 94 Þe soule þat is on is inempned by diuers names in diuers respectis and hatte anima while he is in þe body and ȝeueþ it lif, mens while he haþ mynde, animus while he haþ wille.

1599 R. Allott Wits Theater Little World 37 The Soule is called Anima whilst it is in the body and giueth lyfe, Mens while it mindeth, Animus hauing will.

1657 W. Charleton Immortality Human Soul ii. 68 We insist a little on the examination of that vulgar Opinion, which admitteth a real distinction betwixt Animus and Anima, the Mind and the Soul.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. xix. 169 There are two souls in every man living,—the one according to the great Metheglingus, being called the Animus, the other the Anima.

1888 Science 2 Mar. 106/1 He [sc. Swedenborg] assumes that we posses a lower mind or animus..and a soul or anima.

1947 Mod. Lang. Notes 62 317 The contrasting qualities with which the poet [sc. Lucretius] endows the anima and animus might well lead them to be symbolized..by Man and Woman joined in matrimony.

2. Feeling or intention that motivates a person to act in a particular (esp. hostile) way; animosity, hostility, esp. as shown in speech or action.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun]

unthankc893

witherwardnessc897

witherOE

wrakea1023

ungrithlOE

feythhed1297

grill13..

ill1303

unfriendshipa1340

enmity?a1400

feuda1400

despitec1400

unkindnessc1400

ingratitude1477

barrace1488

disfriendship1493

hostility1531

dislovea1533

adversation1543

diskindness1596

disaffection1599

ill blood1624

disaffectedness1625

inimicalness1651

unfriendlinessa1684

animus1795

inimicality1797

virus1866

negativism1977

1795 T. Peake Cases Nisi Prius 125 The only intent in proving such was to shew the animus and malice of the Defendant.

1820 Ann. Reg. 1819 (Otridge ed.) Gen. Hist. 74/2 The original design..was demonstrative of the animus of the projectors.

1831 T. P. Thompson Exercises I. 424 The animus is to impress upon the British soldiery the duty of putting down the liberties of their country.

1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. II. 198 From the animus with which the case has been conducted,..it was easy to see the result.

1863 I. Taylor Pentateuch 16 An intense feeling, or..animus; this is the word we use when a speaker or writer, who is labouring to substantiate a defamation, finds it more than he can do to repress emotions, that are not of the most amiable sort, and which he does not choose to avow.

1867 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. (new ed.) ii. 45 They have an instinctive appreciation of the animus that actuates the policy of a foreign country.

1911 M. Beerbohm Zuleika Dobson 333 I hope you will now, despite your rather evident animus against her, set this to her credit.

1926 J. Devanny Butcher Shop xviii. 219 She held no animus against Jimmy for repulsing her.

2003 Isis 94 515/2 Lichter and Rothman contend that the activists..have a basic animus against capitalism and industrial progress.

3. Psychology. C. G. Jung's term for: an archetype present in a man or woman from which the male aspects of the personality are derived (as opposed to the anima, see anima n. 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Jung > [noun] > male part of female

animus1923

1923 H. G. Baynes tr. C. G. Jung Psychol. Types xi. 595 If, therefore, we speak of the anima of a man, we must logically speak of the animus [Ger. Animus] of a woman.

1943 Horizon 8 262 The dominating animus peeping through the light-heartedness of the young girl.

1943 H. Read Educ. through Art iv. 95 According to Jung, the conscious aspect of the individual's personality..is balanced..by a contra-sexual counterpart—that individual's animus (the male counterpart in the case of a woman) or anima (the female counterpart in the case of a man).

1962 J. Jacobi Psychol. C. G. Jung (ed. 6) iii. 111 The animus-possessed woman, opinionated and argumentative, the female know-it-all, who reacts in a masculine way and not instinctively.

1990 A. Stevens On Jung vii. 147 Sexuality..is the energy which fuels both animus and anima in their quest for completion through discovery and acceptance by a soulmate.

2003 L. Shlain Sex, Time, & Power xv. 209 As we would expect, women have, in general, a better-developed anima than animus; the converse holds for men.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	animus
释义	animusn. Brit. /ˈanᵻməs/, U.S. /ˈænəməs/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin animus. Etymology: < classical Latin animus mind, soul, mind as the organ of thought, mind as the originator of intentions, design, purpose, intention, mind as the seat of desire or volition, desire, inclination, enthusiasm, mind as the seat of feelings and emotions, anger, animosity, pride, courage, disposition, character < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek ἄνεμος wind < a suffixed form of the Indo-European base of Sanskrit an- to breathe, Early Irish anaid stays, remains, Gothic -on (preterite; in uzon died, literally ‘breathed out’) and (with different suffixes) Early Irish anál , Old English anda , anoða strong emotion (compare onde n.).On distinctions in antiquity and later between animus and anima see discussion at anima n. 1. Chiefly Philosophy. The rational soul; mind, will, spirit. Contrasted with anima n. 1. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > ontology > [noun] > being or entity > vital principle in animaOE animusOE soulc1300 three souls1587 OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 20 Heo [sc. the soul] is on bocum manegum naman gecyged be hyre weorces þenungum. Hyre nama is anima, þæt is sawul, and seo nama gelympð to hire life... Heo is animus, þæt is mod, þonne heo wat. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iii. v. 94 Þe soule þat is on is inempned by diuers names in diuers respectis and hatte anima while he is in þe body and ȝeueþ it lif, mens while he haþ mynde, animus while he haþ wille. 1599 R. Allott Wits Theater Little World 37 The Soule is called Anima whilst it is in the body and giueth lyfe, Mens while it mindeth, Animus hauing will. 1657 W. Charleton Immortality Human Soul ii. 68 We insist a little on the examination of that vulgar Opinion, which admitteth a real distinction betwixt Animus and Anima, the Mind and the Soul. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. xix. 169 There are two souls in every man living,—the one according to the great Metheglingus, being called the Animus, the other the Anima. 1888 Science 2 Mar. 106/1 He [sc. Swedenborg] assumes that we posses a lower mind or animus..and a soul or anima. 1947 Mod. Lang. Notes 62 317 The contrasting qualities with which the poet [sc. Lucretius] endows the anima and animus might well lead them to be symbolized..by Man and Woman joined in matrimony. 2. Feeling or intention that motivates a person to act in a particular (esp. hostile) way; animosity, hostility, esp. as shown in speech or action. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun] unthankc893 witherwardnessc897 witherOE wrakea1023 ungrithlOE feythhed1297 grill13.. ill1303 unfriendshipa1340 enmity?a1400 feuda1400 despitec1400 unkindnessc1400 ingratitude1477 barrace1488 disfriendship1493 hostility1531 dislovea1533 adversation1543 diskindness1596 disaffection1599 ill blood1624 disaffectedness1625 inimicalness1651 unfriendlinessa1684 animus1795 inimicality1797 virus1866 negativism1977 1795 T. Peake Cases Nisi Prius 125 The only intent in proving such was to shew the animus and malice of the Defendant. 1820 Ann. Reg. 1819 (Otridge ed.) Gen. Hist. 74/2 The original design..was demonstrative of the animus of the projectors. 1831 T. P. Thompson Exercises I. 424 The animus is to impress upon the British soldiery the duty of putting down the liberties of their country. 1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. II. 198 From the animus with which the case has been conducted,..it was easy to see the result. 1863 I. Taylor Pentateuch 16 An intense feeling, or..animus; this is the word we use when a speaker or writer, who is labouring to substantiate a defamation, finds it more than he can do to repress emotions, that are not of the most amiable sort, and which he does not choose to avow. 1867 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. (new ed.) ii. 45 They have an instinctive appreciation of the animus that actuates the policy of a foreign country. 1911 M. Beerbohm Zuleika Dobson 333 I hope you will now, despite your rather evident animus against her, set this to her credit. 1926 J. Devanny Butcher Shop xviii. 219 She held no animus against Jimmy for repulsing her. 2003 Isis 94 515/2 Lichter and Rothman contend that the activists..have a basic animus against capitalism and industrial progress. 3. Psychology. C. G. Jung's term for: an archetype present in a man or woman from which the male aspects of the personality are derived (as opposed to the anima, see anima n. 2b). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Jung > [noun] > male part of female animus1923 1923 H. G. Baynes tr. C. G. Jung Psychol. Types xi. 595 If, therefore, we speak of the anima of a man, we must logically speak of the animus [Ger. Animus] of a woman. 1943 Horizon 8 262 The dominating animus peeping through the light-heartedness of the young girl. 1943 H. Read Educ. through Art iv. 95 According to Jung, the conscious aspect of the individual's personality..is balanced..by a contra-sexual counterpart—that individual's animus (the male counterpart in the case of a woman) or anima (the female counterpart in the case of a man). 1962 J. Jacobi Psychol. C. G. Jung (ed. 6) iii. 111 The animus-possessed woman, opinionated and argumentative, the female know-it-all, who reacts in a masculine way and not instinctively. 1990 A. Stevens On Jung vii. 147 Sexuality..is the energy which fuels both animus and anima in their quest for completion through discovery and acceptance by a soulmate. 2003 L. Shlain Sex, Time, & Power xv. 209 As we would expect, women have, in general, a better-developed anima than animus; the converse holds for men. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OE
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