finern.¹

Brit.

/ˈfʌɪnə/, U.S.

/ˈfaɪnər/

Forms:

β. Middle English–1500s fyner, 1600s– finer; Scottish pre-1700 fynnar, pre-1700 fynner.

α. late Middle English ffynour, late Middle English fynour; Scottish pre-1700 fineur, pre-1700 finour, pre-1700 fynour.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: fine v.³, -er suffix¹; French fynour.

Etymology: Partly < fine v.³ + -er suffix¹, and partly (in α. forms) < Anglo-Norman fynour, finor (1324 or earlier; 1199 as surname) refiner < finer fine v.³ + -our -our suffix.With the form fineur at α. forms compare -eur suffix. It is unclear whether the following earlier example should be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1384 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 134 John Hugyn, fynour.

Now chiefly historical and somewhat rare.

A person who or thing which refines or purifies a substance or substances, esp. metals; a refiner.Recorded earliest in gold-finer n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > [noun] > one who or that which

finer1437

trier1523

refiner1592

purifier1611

animal black1821

depurator1835

re-refiner1943

1437 Close Roll, 15 Henry VI (P.R.O.: C 54/287) m. 14^v Johanni Tysse Goldfyner.

c1450 (?a1400) Parl. Thre Ages (BL Add. 31042) 587 Arestotle he..was a fyne philozophire and a fynour noble..to..gete golde when hym liste.

a1456 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 802 (MED) Þe craffty ffynour cane þe golde wele fyne.

1489–90 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1489 §12. m. 4 Fynours and parters of gold and silver, by fyre and water.

1553 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 206 Twa Franchemen, fynnarres of leid.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 109 The Fyners rather desyre the coles that are made of the Pine tree.

1647 L. Haward Charges Crown Revenue 23 Chiefe Finer [in the Mint]: Fee, 10l. 0s. 0d.

1674 T. Jordan Goldsmiths Jubile 6 Finers melting, smelting, fining, and parting Gold and Silver, both by fire and water.

1745 S. M. Leake Hist. Acct. Eng. Money (ed. 2) 172 Regulation was made in the Allaying of Gold and Silver..under a Rule and Order, by the Finers at the King's Mints.

1763 N.Y. Gaz. 24 Oct. 4/3 (advt.) William Hawxburst still carries on the Stirling Iron works and gives the best encouragement for..finers of pigg, and drawers of bar.

1815 D. Mushet Specif. Patent 3944 Finers' iron, or metal of a quality fit for the purposes of the puddling furnace.

1858 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life 280 Is it a finer's fire?

1996 R. B. Gordon Amer. Iron 1607–1900 v. 126 Finers who had access to coke could save charcoal by first burning silicon out of their pig in a refinery..before fining.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

finern.²

Brit.

/ˈfʌɪnə/, U.S.

/ˈfaɪnər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fine v.², -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < fine v.² + -er suffix¹.

Now rare (English regional (Lancashire) in later use).

A person who fines another or others; spec. a factory inspector having the ability to impose fines or other penalties.

ΚΠ

1839 in G. L. Craik & C. MacFarlane Pict. Hist. Eng. II. vi. i. 308/2 Finers and commissioners appointed for the fining of all such as..could be convicted or suspected in partaking in the aid or comfort of Perkin or of the insurgents.

1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 41/2 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Finer, the one who fines; a name given to the inspector by Lancashire factory hands.

1937 J. B. Andrews Brit. Factory Inspection ii. 4 In the Lancashire section of England factory inspectors are still sometimes referred to as ‘finers’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	finer
释义	finern.¹ Brit. /ˈfʌɪnə/, U.S. /ˈfaɪnər/ Forms: β. Middle English–1500s fyner, 1600s– finer; Scottish pre-1700 fynnar, pre-1700 fynner. α. late Middle English ffynour, late Middle English fynour; Scottish pre-1700 fineur, pre-1700 finour, pre-1700 fynour. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: fine v.³, -er suffix¹; French fynour. Etymology: Partly < fine v.³ + -er suffix¹, and partly (in α. forms) < Anglo-Norman fynour, finor (1324 or earlier; 1199 as surname) refiner < finer fine v.³ + -our -our suffix.With the form fineur at α. forms compare -eur suffix. It is unclear whether the following earlier example should be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1384 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 134 John Hugyn, fynour. Now chiefly historical and somewhat rare. A person who or thing which refines or purifies a substance or substances, esp. metals; a refiner.Recorded earliest in gold-finer n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > [noun] > one who or that which finer1437 trier1523 refiner1592 purifier1611 animal black1821 depurator1835 re-refiner1943 1437 Close Roll, 15 Henry VI (P.R.O.: C 54/287) m. 14^v Johanni Tysse Goldfyner. c1450 (?a1400) Parl. Thre Ages (BL Add. 31042) 587 Arestotle he..was a fyne philozophire and a fynour noble..to..gete golde when hym liste. a1456 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 802 (MED) Þe craffty ffynour cane þe golde wele fyne. 1489–90 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1489 §12. m. 4 Fynours and parters of gold and silver, by fyre and water. 1553 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 206 Twa Franchemen, fynnarres of leid. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 109 The Fyners rather desyre the coles that are made of the Pine tree. 1647 L. Haward Charges Crown Revenue 23 Chiefe Finer [in the Mint]: Fee, 10l. 0s. 0d. 1674 T. Jordan Goldsmiths Jubile 6 Finers melting, smelting, fining, and parting Gold and Silver, both by fire and water. 1745 S. M. Leake Hist. Acct. Eng. Money (ed. 2) 172 Regulation was made in the Allaying of Gold and Silver..under a Rule and Order, by the Finers at the King's Mints. 1763 N.Y. Gaz. 24 Oct. 4/3 (advt.) William Hawxburst still carries on the Stirling Iron works and gives the best encouragement for..finers of pigg, and drawers of bar. 1815 D. Mushet Specif. Patent 3944 Finers' iron, or metal of a quality fit for the purposes of the puddling furnace. 1858 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life 280 Is it a finer's fire? 1996 R. B. Gordon Amer. Iron 1607–1900 v. 126 Finers who had access to coke could save charcoal by first burning silicon out of their pig in a refinery..before fining. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). finern.² Brit. /ˈfʌɪnə/, U.S. /ˈfaɪnər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fine v.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: < fine v.² + -er suffix¹. Now rare (English regional (Lancashire) in later use). A person who fines another or others; spec. a factory inspector having the ability to impose fines or other penalties. ΚΠ 1839 in G. L. Craik & C. MacFarlane Pict. Hist. Eng. II. vi. i. 308/2 Finers and commissioners appointed for the fining of all such as..could be convicted or suspected in partaking in the aid or comfort of Perkin or of the insurgents. 1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 41/2 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Finer, the one who fines; a name given to the inspector by Lancashire factory hands. 1937 J. B. Andrews Brit. Factory Inspection ii. 4 In the Lancashire section of England factory inspectors are still sometimes referred to as ‘finers’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1437n.²1839
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