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单词 fireman
释义

firemann.

Brit. /ˈfʌɪəmən/, U.S. /ˈfaɪ(ə)rmən/
Inflections: Plural firemen.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fire n., man n.1
Etymology: < fire n. + man n.1
1. A person (esp. a man) employed to tend a fire or furnace, esp. (in later use) in a steam engine or steamship.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific tools or equipment > [noun] > with ovens or furnaces
fire beater1332
fireman1377
oven-stirrer1611
stoker1660
teaser1797
oven-man1832
coal passer1851
furnacer1853
furnaceman1883
fire beater1895
society > travel > rail travel > railway worker > [noun] > train-staff > fireman
fireman1849
bakehead1907
tallow pot1914
1377–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 587 Ric'o fireman bracine pro bonitate, 12d.
1436–7 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 624 (MED) Joh'i, Werkmanno coquine, et Joh'i Spurner, fireman de Brewhous, pro eorum naprons.
1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 53 One or two of these were Firemen that made the fires in the furnaces.
1784 J. Wedgwood in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 74 367 The fire about the oven was..kept as even and steady as possible, by an experienced fireman, under my own inspection.
1849 F. B. Head Stokers & Pokers vii. 62 It [sc. a locomotive] proceeds to the fire-pit, over which it stops. The fireman here opens the door of his furnace.
1885 Manch. Examiner 19 Feb. 4/7 The fireman jumped off..but the driver..and a brakesman..were killed.
1929 F. C. Bowen Sea Slang 102 Peggy, the man who looks after the seamen's and the firemen's messes in a modern liner.
1958 Times 9 June 10/4 Firemen damped down the engine furnace and reduced steam.
2005 J. McGahern Memoir 13 My aunt..kept lodgers, men who worked on the railway, firemen, drivers, repair linesmen, nearly all of them from Dublin.
2. A person (esp. a man) who uses firearms; a gunner. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > artilleryman
gunner1344
bombardier1562
cannoneer1562
artilleryman?1566
engineer1569
artillerist1579
bombarder1583
topchee1623
fireman1625
zumboorukchee1840
culverineer1881
red-leg1890
gun1896
horse gunner1896
society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > artilleryman
gunner1344
cannoner1517
bombardier1562
cannoneer1562
artilleryman?1566
engineer1569
artillerist1579
bombarder1583
topchee1623
fireman1625
pyrobolist1696
zumboorukchee1840
culverineer1881
red-leg1890
gun1896
mud hog1918
1625 W. C. Dutch Survay 6 Our Fire-men plye this place with their Shotte both great and small, and worke some remarkable dammage vpon the Enemies.
a1648 Ld. Herbert Life (1976) 35 Notwithstanding all that our Firemen speake against it [sc. archery].
1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 191 The Cannoniers and Firemen were killed.
1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xxii. 263 The fire Men place themselves at convenient Distances along the skirts of an Hill.
1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman July xvi. 84 It was believed his Endeavours would have proved successful, had not some Fire-men taken the Advantage of their [sc. pheasants'] straggling out of their Verge.
1817 E. Baines Hist. Wars French Revol. I. iii. vii. 502/1 The fire-man of each gun stood ready with a bucket full of water which, as soon as the gun was discharged, he dashed into the French ship.
3. A zealous or fervent man. Cf. fire n. 13d. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigorous or energetic person
pealerc1400
terrier1532
swinger1583
whipster1590
fireman1648
my (also me) hearty1735
whitherer1790
spunkie1806
vigorist1807
spunk1808
goer1811
smiter1823
hard hitter1831
blue hen's chicken (also chick)1859
stem-winder1875
vital force1886
live wire1896
towser1901
powerhouse1908
jazzer1912
the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle
heart1340
heart of oakc1384
bolda1400
doughtya1400
stalworthc1400
sternc1400
Ironsidea1470
stalwart1508
galliard1532
lada1556
stoutheart1556
hardydardy1593
valour1609
valiant1610
fireman1648
hearty1790
my (also me) hearty1839
1648 Mercurius Pragmaticus No. 21. sig. Aa1v An Accompt..of the Commissioners private conference with his Maiesty, and of the great Fury of the Firemen of Independency against the Gentlemen.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 61. ⁋1 I had last Night the Fate to drink a Bottle with Two of these Fire-men.
4. A person (esp. a man) employed to extinguish fires, esp. a member of a fire service trained to extinguish fires and to provide other emergency and rescue services; a firefighter. Cf. firewoman n. at fire n. and int. Compounds 2a.Now the most common sense.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > [noun] > fire-fighting > fireman
firedrake1601
waterman1615
fireman1668
fire quencher1690
Phoenix-man1699
watering-man1791
pompier1815
firefighter1839
sapper-pumper1841
firie1982
Phoenix waterman-fireman1992
1668 J. Winthrop Let. 12 Nov. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1968) V. 158 Those in the house all of them but one were preserved by a timely Firemen, being awakened, at the beginning of the fire.
1716 J. Gay Trivia iii. 77 The Fire-man sweats beneath his crooked Arms.
1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 262 This office keeps in its service 30 fire-men.
1855 O. W. Holmes Poems 140 I asked the firemen why they made Such noise about the town.
1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 July 7/2 The presence of several firemen with a standpipe in readiness was deemed desirable during the night.
1911 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 25 Apr. 1/6 Five firemen fighting a fire..were injured late today.
1958 M. Pugh Wilderness of Monkeys xii. 149 A born arsonist should never try to be a fireman.
1975 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 4 Apr. 13 In the event a woman would be hired as a fireman, the city would have to make arrangements for quarters for the female fireman.
1993 Weekly World News 21 Dec. 47 ‘We had never been called to get a cat from a tree and we were all eager to do it,’ one fireman was quoted as saying.
2008 C. Newkey-Burden in J. Burchill & C. Newkey-Burden Not in my Name 84 The courage of the firemen who rushed into the Twin Towers as they burned.
5. Mining. A person (esp. a man) with responsibility for checking for the presence of firedamp and dealing with it when found. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > making safe > person responsible for safety > specific
fireman1817
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > mine safety workers
fireman1817
fire boss1869
safety man1877
timber-leader1891
1817 Trans. Soc. Arts, Manuf., & Commerce 34 100 The expence of this process, besides the loss of many of the firemen, was immense.
1866 J. Hogg in Intellectual Observer 9 2 As there was no great quantity [of inflammable air] detected, the ‘fireman’ thought it sufficient precaution to put up a ‘danger-signal’.
1885 Law Times 79 119/2 The fireman should not allow any shot to be fired without seeing the charge put in, and without first carefully examining the place.
1915 J. B. Coppock & G. A. Lodge Introd. Mining Sci. v. 106 The men set off for this special kind of work were called firemen.
1972 M. Wakelin Patterns Folk Speech Brit. Isles ii. 48 The fireman in a mine used to crawl forward on hands and knees with a long taper exploding small pockets of gas.

Compounds

C1. Appositive, with the first element in the form fireman.
fireman–waterman n. British Obsolete a boatman or waterman (waterman n. 1b) who is also registered as a firefighter.
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1818 T. Hudson Comic Songs 7 Along with the Fireman Waterman; A lover besides she had got.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 291 ‘Did you want to be put on board a steamer, sir?’ inquired an old fireman-waterman.
1881 H. D. Miles Pugilistica III. vii. iii. 95 The ‘fireman-waterman’ is as extinct as the dodo.
C2. With the first element in the genitive (fireman's).
a. In sense 4, designating equipment intended for use by firemen, as fireman's axe, fireman's hose, fireman's mask, etc.Recorded earliest in fireman's pole n. 1. See also fireman's helmet n. at Compounds 2b.
ΚΠ
1825 J. A. Jones Refugee I. xiii. 265 A left-legged Yorkshireman was laid in lavender by a blow from a fireman's pole.
1826 Lancaster Gaz. 1 Apr. The wound on Mr. Price's head corresponded exactly with a fireman's axe.
1829 N. Arnott Elements Physics II. 42 A fireman's mask is usually covered with tin foil.
1834 Spectator 18 Oct. 982/2 A fireman's ladder was..put against the top window; and they descended one by one.
1854 Househ. Words 20 May 329/1 It is not in every one's power to be rational..at all times and in all places, discharging out sense at a given place, like water from a fireman's hose.
1921 Engin. World June 394/1 A fireman's mask which will protect against all forms of smoke and chemical fumes will soon be commercially available.
1988 G. Patterson Burning your Own (1993) 221 Buckled outside his tunic was a holster, so long you might almost have been forgiven for thinking it contained a fireman's hatchet.
2011 Star (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 4 Feb. 16 The water had reached the pipe's northern end and now it began to whiplash around the kitchen floor like an unattended fireman's hose.
b.
fireman's carry n. (a) = fireman's lift n.; (b) (Wrestling) a move in which a wrestler lifts an opponent over his or her shoulders before bringing the opponent to the ground.
ΚΠ
1916 Freeport (Illinois) Jrnl.-Standard 1 July 8/6 The program for the day is as follows..: Boy Scout Exhibition... Fireman's Carry. Broken Leg Stretchers. Resuscitation Exercises [etc.].
1954 Jrnl. Amer. Assoc. Health, Physical Educ., & Recreation Dec. 56/3 Takedowns are first shown, with the leg dive and fireman's carry featured.
1986 W. Gibson Count Zero (1987) xiv. 97 He was tugging her up, somehow, into a fireman's carry, and reeling in what he hoped was the direction of the jet.
2003 N.Y. Times 20 Apr. b2/3 The move on the mat that Mr. Rumsfeld perfected at Princeton University was the fireman's carry.
2011 J. Merrill & C. Filstrup Wedding Night Introd. p. x The fireman's carry is a more dramatic way to get the bride across the threshold.
fireman's helmet n. (a) a protective helmet worn by firemen; (b) (slang) the rounded part forming the end of the penis, thought to resemble the shape of such a helmet; the glans.
ΚΠ
1854 Notts. Guardian 21 Dec. They [sc. the soldiers] all looked very smart in their scarlet body frocks..and a kind of fireman's helmet.
1922 Fire Service 21 Jan. 7/3 Workmen..unearthed an old-time leather fireman's helmet.
1973 Penthouse (U.S. ed.) Feb. 76/2 Glans, sensitive head of the penis, known from its characteristic shape as ‘the fireman's helmet’.
1991 J. Cooper Polo xli. 395 Daisy unzipped his flies and slid her mouth over the rampant red fireman's helmet.
2009 Charleston (W. Va.) Gaz. (Nexis) 22 June 1 Firefighting clothing is far more than a rubber coat and the familiar fireman's helmet these days.
fireman's lift n. a method of carrying a person over one's shoulders, originally (and typically) used by firefighters in rescuing injured or unconscious people; cf. fireman's carry n. (a).
ΚΠ
1886 C. Heath Dict. Pract. Surg. I. 43/2 The fireman's lift. Standing in front, the bearer seizes the patient's right wrist in his left hand, then bending down until his right shoulder is below the patient's right hip-joint, he throws the patient across his shoulders and back, and grasps the legs with his right arm.
1914 Fortn. Rev. July 128 He [sc. the Boy Scout] must..have learnt the use of the fireman's ‘lift’.
1982 S. Townsend Secret Diary Adrian Mole 99 Pandora..gave me a fireman's lift up the stairs.
2014 Canberra Times (Nexis) 28 May Sensibly, the ability to carry a 120-kilogram adult using a fireman's lift is not the sole criteria for selection as a firefighter.

Derivatives

ˈfiremanship n. the practice or profession of a fireman (senses 1 and 4).
ΚΠ
1831 Constit. & By-laws Fire Dept., N.Y. 14 The Chief Engineer shall pay the Treasurer all the money in his possession that he may have received for certificates of Firemanship once every month.
1874 Daily News 17 Mar. 5 The amateur firemanship of a nobleman.
1881 M. Reynolds Engine-driving Life 66 Now is the time for the display of good enginemanship,—ah! and good firemanship.
1979 N. Wallington Fireman! ii. 28 At Southwark, an instructor also teaches his squad the beginnings of the considerable subject of ‘firemanship’.
2008 Mirror (Eire ed.) (Nexis) 22 Apr. 9 The competing Emergency Response Teams will be judged on firemanship, casualty handling, time and pace, achievement and overall control.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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