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单词 fleck
释义

fleckn.1

Brit. /flɛk/, U.S. /flɛk/
Etymology: Not found before 16th cent.; though the related fleck v.1 and flecked adj.1 occur earlier; adopted from or cognate with Old Norse flekkr (Swedish fläck, Middle Danish flække), corresponding to Middle Dutch vlecke (feminine) (Dutch vlek (feminine), neuter), Middle Low German vlecke (feminine), vlek neuter, Old High German flec(ch, fleccho, blow, mark of a blow, speck, spot, place (Middle High German vlec, vlecke, modern German fleck, flecken speck, spot, hamlet) < Old Germanic *flekko-, -kon-. Compare the derivative German flicken to patch. The ulterior affinities are somewhat obscure; some of the senses strongly suggest connection with flake n.1 and the Old Aryan root plāg- or plāk- to strike; but the root vowels seem to belong to different ablaut-series. Further, the sense ‘patch’, found in continental Germanic, points to connection with Old Norse flík patch, rag, the form of which implies (neither e nor a) as the root vowel. Possibly two distinct Old Germanic words have coalesced.
1.
a. A mark in the skin; a blemish, freckle, spot; also, a sore or abrasion of the skin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > spot or mark
spotOE
markOE
tachea1400
macula?a1425
ruby1542
plotch1548
flea-biting1552
fleck1598
blanch1608
staina1616
naeve1619
neve1624
dark1637
sunspot1651
pip1676
liver spot1684
beauty spot1795
heat-spot1822
spilus1822
ink-spot1839
punctation1848
punctuation1848
macule1864
soldier's spots1874
pock1894
mouche1959
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount
speckc725
littleOE
somethingc1200
lutewihtc1230
little whatc1384
ouncec1387
lap1393
smalla1400
modicumc1400
nekedc1400
spota1413
tinec1420
nieveful?a1425
handfulc1443
mouthful?c1450
smatchc1456
weec1480
quern1503
halfpennyworth1533
groatsworth1562
dram1566
shellful1578
trickle1580
snatch1592
sprinkling1594
fleck1598
snip1598
pittance1600
lick1603
fingerful1604
modicum1606
thimbleful1607
flash1614
dasha1616
pipa1616
pickle1629
drachm1635
cue1654
smack1693
starn1720
bit1753
kenning1787
minikin1787
tate1805
starnie1808
sprat1815
harl1821
skerrick1825
smallums1828
huckleberry1832
scrimp1840
thimble1841
smite1843
nattering1859
sensation1859
spurt1859
pauchlea1870
mention1891
sketch1894
sputterings1894
scrappet1901
titch1937
tad1940
skosh1959
smattering1973
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > spotted condition > spot
speckc725
moleeOE
spot?c1225
wen1340
spleck1398
tachea1400
motec1400
macule?a1425
smot1532
fleck1598
iron mould1638
flecket1684
sye1781
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > sore
sorec1000
cweise?c1225
sorancec1440
shoyn1527
uncome1542
sorance1592
rawness1607
button farcy1673
fleck1695
raw1825
cold sore1842
bed-sore1861
fox1862
pressure sore1889
Queensland sore1892
salt sore1908
salt-burn1917
pressure point1929
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Varo, a fleck, or freckle in ones face.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 377 The greace of a swan is commended.. for to cleanse the skin of the face from all flecks and freckles.
1695 W. Kennett Parochial Antiq. at Flesche-Axe Fleck is..a sore in the flesh, from whence the skin is rubbed off.
1866 A. C. Swinburne Laus Veneris in Poems & Ballads 4 Her neck..wears yet a purple speck..fairer for a fleck.
1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) (at cited word) Them harvist-bugs hes maade big flecks cum oot all oher my airms.
figurative.1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam li. 74 Fret not..That life is dash'd with flecks of sin. View more context for this quotation1879 ‘H. Stretton’ Through Needle's Eye I. 196 There was not a fleck upon his reputation.
b. A patch, spot, or streak of colour, light, etc.
ΘΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > [noun] > fleck
fleck1804
freak1870
1804 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VI. 120 They have been badly painted..as it is all run in flecks.
1849 H. W. Longfellow Building of Ship in Seaside & Fireside 23 Shadows..Broken by many a sunny fleck.
1863 Macmillan's Mag. Jan. 172 The universal blue from Earth to Heaven was filled with flecks of fire.
1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland 208 The red gable of Hlitharfyall..with a fleck of white on its apex.
1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) at Fleck Black marble wi' yalla flecks in it.
2. A small particle; a flake, speck.
ΘΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > a particle
grotc888
crumba1387
motec1390
particlea1398
pointa1400
specka1400
atomy1584
moment1594
dust1597
pickle1604
mite1605
atom1626
iota1636
ramentum1658
bodikin1668
part1669
dustling1674
scintilla1674
minim1686
fleck1753
molecule1799
heartbeat1855
particule1889
1753 H. Walpole in Philos. Trans. 1751–2 (Royal Soc.) 47 47 I never perceived, that I voided..any flecks of a stone.
1841 R. W. Emerson Circles in Ess. 1st Ser. (London ed.) 304 As we see flecks and scraps of snow left in cold dells..in June.
1861 Sir T. Martin Catullus, Lam. Ariadne 202 And flecks of wool stick to their wither'd lips.
1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 92 A fleck of rust on a bright surface of steel will steadily enlarge.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

fleckn.2

Etymology: Origin unknown; the meaning is clear from Isidore Etym. xii. xxix, where the Latin word is vulpes.
Obsolete. rare.
A fox.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > [noun] > genus Vulpes > vulpes vulpes (fox)
foxc825
toda1200
Reynardc1400
laurence?a1500
lowrie?a1500
tod lowrie?a1500
fleck1567
pug1812
puggy1827
Charley1857
red fox1875
alopecoid1880
redskin1905
1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 86 The Fleck..saith Isidore..is naturally subtile, and hath many fetches to deceiue one.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

fleckn.3

Forms: Also flick.
Obsolete exc. dialect.
= flare n.2
ΘΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > lard
spickc832
lardc1420
fleck1575
larding1582
leaf lard1797
bladder lard1872
suine1880
jippo1929
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [noun] > defined by parts > fat round kidneys
midgeneOE
leaf1552
fleck1575
leaf fat1702
flare1847
1575 G. Turberville tr. F. S. Vicentino Treat. Cure Spanels in Bk. Faulconrie 364 Barrowes flicke, or Larde.
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Enxúndia Fat, flicke, sewet.
1630 J. Taylor Great Eater of Kent in Wks. i. 144/2 What say you to the Leafe or Flecke of a Brawne new kild..to be eaten hot out of the Bores belly raw?
1881 H. Smith & C. R. Smith Isle of Wight Words Flick or Vlick, the lard of the inside of a pig.
1883 W. H. Cope Gloss. Hampshire Words Fleck, the fat of a pig before it is boiled down into lard.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

fleckn.4

Etymology: ? proper name.
Obsolete.
Used in proverbial phrase fleck and his make, a contemptuous designation for a man and his paramour.
ΘΠ
the mind > emotion > love > love affair > [noun] > pair of lovers
yleofa1000
ménagea1393
couple1393
twosomec1480
fleck and his make1529
coupling1961
1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i. xvii. 22 b/1 I tell you nothyng now of..many a flekke and hys make that maketh theyre metyng at these holsum hallows.
1532 T. More Confut. Barnes in Wks. (1557) 780/2 What would the general counsail..haue sayed vnto that frere, and what vnto flecke hys make?
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. v. sig. Hiii I dyd..here, How flek and his make, vse theyr secrete hauntyng.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

fleckv.1

Brit. /flɛk/, U.S. /flɛk/
Forms: Also Middle English flek(k)e, 1600s flecke.
Etymology: < fleck n.1; compare Old Norse flekka (perhaps the source), Danish flække, Swedish fläcka, German flecken.
a. transitive. To spot, streak or stripe; to dapple, variegate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > variegate [verb (transitive)]
chequer?a1400
fleckc1430
engrail1483
shoot1532
begary1538
intermingle1553
enchase1590
diaper1592
sinew1592
motley1602
intercolour1607
damask1610
particolour1610
inshade1613
freta1616
enamel1650
discolour1656
variegatea1728
jasper1799
intershoot1845
patchwork1853
pattern1898
strand1914
harlequin-
the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > spot [verb (transitive)] > fleck
fleckc1430
flake1602
flecker1828
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 199 The whyght flekkyd with the brown.
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie iv. 10 Their legges streaked and flecked with redde and blacke.
1641 G. Sandys Paraphr. Song Solomon iv. i Vntill the Morning fleck the sky.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 8 Two Kids..Both fleck'd with white.
1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere iii, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 17 The Sun was fleck'd with bars.
1830 Ld. Tennyson Love & Sorrow in Poems The first green leaf With which the fearful springtide flecks the lea.
1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton x. 139 Overhead the still blue is scarcely flecked by a cloud.
1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets viii. 250 The feathers of the soaring bird were flecked with gold and crimson grain.
b. To force in flecks or patches into. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > spot [verb (transitive)] > fleck > force flecks into
fleck1886
1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 68 The wind..flecked the blood into the face.

Derivatives

ˈflecking n. Also concrete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > variegation > spot of colour > [noun] > fleck > flecked condition
fleckiness1833
flecking1892
1892 Daily News 3 May 2/4 In other materials this flecking with irregularly recurrent hints of colour is confined to stripes.
1893 Westm. Gaz. 9 Feb. 6/1 White spots and fleckings in the waistcoats.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

fleckv.2

Etymology: ? variant of flag v.1
Obsolete exc. dialect.
intransitive. To fly low; to flit, flutter about.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > cause to move in a direction [verb (transitive)] > hither and thither
fleck1567
ballotte1680
tig-tag1846
to pillar and post1901
the world > animals > by locomotion > locomotion of animals > [verb (intransitive)] > fly
flusha1300
soarc1384
fly1480
flitter1483
flit1535
fleck1567
flirt1582
wagtail1606
waft1682
to take to wing1693
flaffer17..
to take (its, etc.) wing1807
skirl1859
the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > motion in the air > move in the air [verb (intransitive)] > flutter
flickerc1000
flackerc1400
flitter1483
quitter1513
flack1567
fleck1567
flusker1660
flaffer17..
flit1700
skimmer1824
flutter1853
volitate1866
flurry1883
1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) viii. f. 100 [She] flecketh nere the ground.
1621 G. Markham Hunger's Prevent. (1655) 200 The old Cocke, the old Henne, and all their poots..flecke and runne together.
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis viii. 156 They..fleck as lowe as earth, And lay their egs in tufts.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Fleck, to fly.
figurative and in extended use.1648 Earl of Westmorland Otia Sacra (1879) 154 The Relict..Doth voluntary fleck into Deaths armes.1652 J. Shirley Sisters Prol. 11 The Town will still be flecking, and a Play..will starve the second day.1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 208 He flecks from one Egge to another, so hatcheth nothing.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

fleckv.3

Brit. /flɛk/, U.S. /flɛk/
Categories »
dialect and U.S. variant flick v.2
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online June 2018).
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n.11598n.21567n.31575n.41529v.1c1430v.21567v.3
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