单词 | flood |
释义 | floodn. 1. The flowing in of the tide. Often in phrases, ebb and flood, †tide of flood; also quarter flood, half flood, full flood, top of flood. Cf. young flood n. at young adj. and n.1 Compounds 6. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > tide > type of tide > [noun] > ebb and flow ebb and flooda1000 tidea1500 recourse1549 flux and reflux1612 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > tide > type of tide > [noun] > high main floodc1303 full flooda1375 full sea1390 high water1422 full water1498 full tide1538 high tide1546 tide1570 headwater1594 young flood1611 pleni-tide1617 top of flood1867 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > tide > type of tide > [noun] > newly-flowing flood1559 young flood1611 OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1031 Whenne þæt flod byþ ealra hehst & ealra fullost. a1000 Battle of Maldon 65 Þar com flowende flod æfter ebban. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 177 For swiche flode, and for swich ebbinge þe prophete nemmeð þis woreld se. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 20 Heo..wende uorþ with god wynd & wel dryuyng flode. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2745 At þe fulle flod þei ferden to sayle. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. iii. 47 For Swlway was at þare passyng All Eb, þat þai fand þan on Flud. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xcii. 114 They cast anker and abode the fludde. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. x. 47 Flood is when the water beginneth to rise, which is young flood as we call it, then quarter flood, halfe flood, full Sea, still water, or high water. 1769 E. Bancroft Ess. Nat. Hist. Guiana 323 The fish enter with the tide of flood. 1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 175 The flood runs 3 hours. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) Top of flood or high-water. 2. A body of flowing water; a river, stream, usually, a large river. Obsolete exc. poetic. †against the flood: against the stream. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > [noun] > river floodc825 streamc875 eaeOE water streamOE flumec1175 fleamc1300 riverc1300 currentc1380 reea1500 ford1563 fluent1598 draught1601 nymph1605 amnic1623 flux1637 nullah1656 R1692 currency1758 silent highway1841 c825 Vesp. Psalter lxxix [lxxx]. 12 Ðu aðenedes..oð flod [L. flumen] setene his. c1000 Ælfric Genesis ii. 10 Þæt flod eode of stowe þære winsumnisse. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10612 O ȝonnd hallf flod wass sannt iohan. Bapptisste forr to fullhtnenn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5624 Þe kings doghter plaiand yod And sagh þe vessel on þe flodd. c1485 Digby Myst. v. 491 I wyll no more row a-geyn the fflode. 1530 tr. Caesar Commentaryes xii. 15 A flod called the Thames. 1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. f. 3v, in 2nd Pt. Herball The bathes of Baden..are betwene the famous flode the Rene and the black or martian wood. 1605 T. Sparke Brotherly Perswasion (1607) 59 The water of the flood Iordan. 1735 W. Somervile Chace iv. 407 Ev'ry..hollow Rock, that o'er the dimpling Flood Nods pendant. 1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone ii. 37 She will to her peaceful woods Return, and to her murmuring floods. 3. In wider sense: Water as opposed to land, often contrasted with field and fire. Also plural: cf. waters. Now poetic or rhetorical. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > [noun] watereOE streamc950 floodOE water floodc1175 wave1590 open water1790 OE Genesis 204 Cynn, ða ðe flod wecceð geond hronrode. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14817 Swa þatt te king wiþþ all hiss ferd. Wass drunncnedd unnderr flodess. c1325 Metr. Hom. 135 Schip fletes on the flode. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13323 ‘Petre’ he said, ‘þou has ben god Fissar hiddir-til on flod’. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aviv The roy..socht to the ciete of criste our the salt flude. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 5 Thorough flood, thorough fire: I do wander euery where. View more context for this quotation a1668 W. Davenant Distresses iv. i, in Wks. (1673) iii. 55/1 Those..cold and slippery Creatures that Possess the restless Flood. 1788 W. Cowper Morning Dream 25 Thus swiftly dividing the flood, To a slave-cultured island we came. 1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms i. 42 My spirit..Looks down on the far-off Flood. 1857 G. A. Lawrence Guy Livingstone iv The accidents of flood and field were discussed. [After Shakespeare Othello i. iii. 134.] 4. a. An overflowing or irruption of a great body of water over land not usually submerged; an inundation, a deluge. in flood, †on (a) flood: (of a river, etc.) overflowing its banks; (of land) in an inundated condition. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun] streamc950 water floodOE floodc1000 waterOE diluvya1325 waterganga1325 flowinga1340 delugec1374 diluvec1386 Noah's floodc1390 overflowing1430 inundation1432 flowa1450 surrounding1449 over-drowninga1500 spate1513 float1523 drowning1539 ravine1545 alluvion1550 surundacion1552 watershot1567 overflow1589 ravage1611 inunding1628 surroundera1642 water breach1669 flooding1799 debacle1802 diluviation1816 deluging1824 superflux1830 whelm1842 come1862 floodage1862 sheet-flood1897 flash flooding1939 flash-flood1940 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > in flood [phrase] > flooded on (a) floodc1374 on (a) float1523 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > in flood [phrase] on (a) float1523 in flood1874 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) vii. 25 Þa com þær ren, & mycele flod. 1125 Anglo-Saxon Chron. anno 1125 On ðes ilces geares wearð swa micel flod..þæt feola tunes & men weorðan adrencte. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 591 Campsall MS. (640) Syn it ron, and al was on a flode. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1042 Þis paradis es sett sua hei, þat moght neuer flod ani þar nei. 1496 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 283 For bering of the Kingis treis that the flude hed away. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. iv. 441 By sudden floud, and fall of water, The Duke of Buckinghams armie is disperst. View more context for this quotation 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 8 Great Rivers, which..in times of Floods brought down with them abundance of Earth. 1781 W. Cowper Charity 282 Shipwreck..fire, and flood, Are mighty mischiefs. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 78 On one occasion, when the floods were out, he exposed his life to imminent risk. 1874 Froude in S. Afr. Notes 13–19 Dec. The rivers in the colony are reported to be in flood. b. the flood: the great deluge recorded in the book of Genesis as occurring in the time of Noah; hence often Noah's flood; also, the great, general or universal flood. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun] > Biblical Noah's floodOE the floodOE diluvya1325 delugec1386 diluvec1386 sin-flood1550 cataclysm1637 Noachian deluge1711 society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > [noun] > the flood Noah's floodOE the floodOE Yore-flood1876 OE Beowulf 1689 Flod ofsloh..giganta cyn. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xvii. 27 Flod com and ealle forspilde. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 93 Hit itimode efter noes flode. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xiv. iv. 697 Ararat is þe hiȝest hille of Armenye. Þerinne þe shippe restede aftir þe flode. c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. xxxvi Euery flesshe had corrupte his wey, and þer fore folowed þe gret flode. 1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 32 b The vniuersall deluge or floudde. c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. vii. 27 Thre hundred yeres after the generall flood. 1734 A. Pope Ess. Man: Epist. IV 202 If your ancient but ignoble blood Has crept thro' Scoundrels ever since the Flood. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) I. 199 You would have sworn..He had fished in the flood with Ham and Shem! c. Deucalion's flood n. a great deluge said, in Greek mythology, to have occurred in Thessaly. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun] > ancient or classical Deucalion's flood1653 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler i. 12 Some say, it [Angling] is as ancient as Deucalions Floud . View more context for this quotation 5. a. A profuse and violent outpouring of water; a swollen stream, a torrent; a violent downpour of rain, threatening an inundation. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > torrent floodc1275 floodgatea1425 waterfall1578 torrent1609 torrent-stream1728 rattle1770 lavant1774 fiumara1820 torrent-flood1825 skookum chuck1888 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > a or the fall of rain > downpour floodc1275 spate1513 spout1554 gourder1565 squata1640 downpouring1669 deluge1720 pash1722 plout1740 on-ding1776 pelt1785 soaker1789 pelter1791 teem1793 pour1794 oncome1808 downpour1811 plash1820 slashing1829 plungec1841 dispunging1876 steeper1878 splurge1879 soak1891 drencher1892 toad-strangler1938 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1943 From heouene her com a sulcuð flod þre dæȝes hit rinde blod. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xii. sig. Ti A lande flode runnynge downe of a mountayne after a storme. 1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xii. 15 The serpent cast out of his mouth water as a flood . View more context for this quotation 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxii. 369 The melting of the snows in the mountains brought a flood down the Segre. 1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall (at cited word) It's raining a flood. b. transferred in various uses: Applied e.g. to a profuse burst of tears, a copious outpouring of flame or light, a torrent of lava, an overwhelming concourse or influx of persons. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > copious or continuous > instance of streamc900 wellOE outstreaminga1398 flood1589 profluvium1603 shower1656 gush1704 outgushing1823 outgush1835 outwelling1852 out-flood1859 society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > continuous stream of people > overwhelming flood1589 the world > matter > light > [noun] > flood or diffusion beyond focus flood1860 spill1952 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 214 I haue heard of the flouds of teares. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. i. 42 You see this confluence, this great flood of visitors. View more context for this quotation 1715 A. Pope Temple of Fame 40 Tow'rs and Temples sink in Floods of Fire. 1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxxiv. 382 Miss Bolo..went straight home in a flood of tears, and a sedan chair. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. ii. 12 Floods of golden light were poured down the sides of the mountain. c. figurative in various applications. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > [noun] > superabundance flood1340 overabundancea1382 abundancec1384 excessa1387 superfluitya1387 surcarka1400 superabundance?a1475 superfluencea1477 abundancy?1526 superfluousnessa1540 pleurisya1550 inundation1589 exsuperance1603 plethory1606 overplus1609 exuberancy1611 redoundancy1623 superabundancy1628 exsuperancy1638 exuberance1638 floodings1674 plethora1700 embarrassment1815 profligacy1834 overfullness1884 the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [noun] > profuseness, luxuriousness, or lushness > a profusion or lavish abundance > viewed as flowing or falling stream971 flood1340 affluencec1390 showera1425 spatec1425 delugec1430 rain1590 spring tide1592 cataract?1614 flux1678 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 247 Huanne god ssel do come ope his urendes ane ulod of pays. c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 4856 What flodes thurgh thyn hert ran of trewest sorow and wepyng. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 214 I haue heard of..the flouds of eloquence, or of any thing that may resemble the nature of a water-course. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iii. ii. 206 Let me not stirre you vp To such a sodaine Flood of Mutiny. View more context for this quotation 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 324 The Flood of Joy in my Breast. 1877 M. Oliphant Makers of Florence (ed. 2) x. 241 A preacher who..poured forth what was in him in floods of fiery words. 1894 H. H. Gibbs Colloquy on Currency (ed. 3) 73 How do we know that there will be a flood of silver rather than of gold? ΚΠ 1666 G. Harvey Morbus Anglicus xxxii. 97 Others that have the good fortune of..being delivered, escape by means of their Floods. 1755 in S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. ; and in mod. Dicts. 7. Usually in plural, colloquial abbreviation of flood-lamp, flood-light. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > floodlight flood-lamp1916 flood-light1924 flood1930 1930 Punch 19 Feb. 198/2 Spool is the dramatic society's honorary electrician. His conversation was full of floods, floats, spots, battens, and dimmers. 1933 P. Godfrey Back-stage i. 14 The up-stage O.P. flood isn't properly masked. 1967 Punch 16 Aug. 242/3 For Figaro and Verdi's Macbeth at the first [Edinburgh] festival twenty-one years ago, John Christie had to bring in a lighting bridge and sixty floods and perches from Glyndebourne. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 1.) flood-stream n. ΚΠ 1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 366 The flood stream..sets E. by N. flood-wave n. ΚΠ 1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 157 Driving the water against both banks like a flood wave. b. (In sense 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Brachyura (crab) > fresh-water crab flood crabc1420 c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 862 Floode crabbes here & ther to crucifie He seth, is goode. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > stony material > [noun] > gravel or shingle > gravel > type of flood gravelc1420 river gravel1600 blue metal1699 slither1811 flint-gravel1865 plateau gravel1872 duck-gravel1885 peastone1909 pea gravel1911 c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 368 Floode gravel is goode for coveryng. c. (In sense 3.). flood-bickerer n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > [noun] shipc725 beamOE boardOE bargea1300 steera1300 vessela1300 treea1382 loomc1400 man1473 ark1477 bottom1490 keela1547 riverboat1565 craft1578 pine1592 class1596 flood-bickerer1599 pitchboard1599 stern-bearer1599 wooden horse1599 wooden isle1603 water treader?1615 water house1616 watercraft1618 machine1637 prore1642 lightman1666 embarkation1690 bark1756 prowa1771 Mudian1813 bastiment1823 hooker1823 nymph1876 M.F.V.1948 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 32 A..hoast of vnfatigable flud bickerers and foame-curbers. d. (In sense 4a.) flood-bank n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun] wharf1038 causeyc1330 wall1330 bulwark1555 scut1561 weir1599 mound1613 staithe1613 breastwork1641 embankment1786 bund1813 sheath1850 fleet-dyke1858 sheathing1867 causeway1878 flood-bank1928 stopbank1950 1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 31 Aug. 178/3 The building of floodbanks, or levees, along the river banks. 1945 Finito! Po Valley Campaign 23 A battalion fought its way to the near floodbank. flood control n. ΚΠ 1943 J. S. Huxley TVA iii. 22 Power as a by-product of flood control. 1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 116 The whole system has recently been modified by flood-control works. flood-dam n. ΚΠ 1879 Lumberman's Gaz. 11 June 5 They plan to build a flood-dam. flood-discharge n. ΚΠ 1878 Macmillan's Mag. Jan. 245/1 The flood discharge of the Polar River. flood-sluice n. ΚΠ 1791 W. Jessop Rep. River Witham 14 Flood-sluices. flood-water n. ΚΠ 1791 W. Jessop Rep. River Witham 11 Regulate the passage of Flood waters. 1893 G. D. Leslie Lett. to Marco xxii. 144 The gulls..settled on the meadow by the flood-water. e. (In sense 4b.) flood-tradition n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > transmitted from one generation to another > folklore or folk culture > specific tradition flood-tradition1865 society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > legend or folk tale > [noun] > types of legend or folk tale Ossianism1820 flood-tradition1865 aretalogy1912 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind xi. 324 The flood-traditions of remote regions of the world. f. flood-beat adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > seashore or coast > [adjective] > sea-lashed sea-beat1579 flood-beatc1602 sea-washed1764 sea-beaten1793 tortured1815 c1602 C. Marlowe tr. Ovid Elegies ii. xvii. sig. D3v Floud-beate Cithera. flood-compelling adj. ΚΠ 1736 J. Thomson Prospect: 5th Pt. Liberty 473 The flood-compelling Arch. flood-like adj. ΚΠ 1855 H. Clarke New Dict. Eng. Lang. Flood-like. C2. Special combinations. Also floodgate n., flood-tide n. flood-anchor n. ‘that which the ship rides by during the flood-tide’ (Adm. Smyth). ΚΠ 1844 Dict. Trade at Anchor The flood anchor. flood-arch n. an arch of a bridge under which the water flows in time of flood. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > bridge > parts of pierlOE bridge foota1450 heada1450 staddling1461 foota1500 bridge end1515 jowel1516 causey1523 starling?c1684 rib1735 spur1736 icebreaker1744 jetty1772 cutwater1776 roadway1798 sleeper1823 water-breaker1823 centrya1834 stem1835 suspension-tower1842 cantilever1850 semi-beam1850 pylon1851 half-chess1853 span1862 sway-bracing1864 needle-beam1867 ice apron1871 newel1882 flood-arch1891 needle girder1898 sway-brace1909 trough flooring1911 1891 A. J. Foster Ouse 135 The bridge..with its long line of flood arches crossing the meadows. flood-boards n. boards fitted together so as to keep out a flood. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > device or contrivance to protect a thing or person > boards to protect from floods flood-boards1869 tide-board1904 1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. i. 5 His place it is to stand at the gate, attending to the flood-boards grooved into one another. flood-bridge n. a bridge for use in flood-time. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > bridge > bridge for use in flood-time flood-bridge1741 1741 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1890) VIII. The repairs of the flood-bridge. flood-drift n. sticks, etc. brought down by a flood. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun] > material washed down by flood-wood1822 flood-drift1869 1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. viii. 94 I..lay down..with..some flood-drift combing over me. flood-flanking n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 886/2 Flood-flanking (Hydraulic Engin.), a mode of embanking with stiff moist clay. flood-lamp n. = flood-light n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > floodlight flood-lamp1916 flood-light1924 flood1930 1916 Amer. Year Bk. 563 The line of demarcation between search-lamps and so-called ‘flood lamps’ is a narrow one. 1933 P. Godfrey Back-stage iv. 43 Lighting towers..each capable of carrying a dozen 1000-watt flood lamps to supplement the battens overhead in lighting the scene. 1957 Economist 21 Sept. 912/2 The officious display of security, the floodlamps and police dogs that surrounded the campaign train might have been better avoided. flood-land n. land covered by water in time of flood. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > land near river > [noun] > flooded holm?c1050 wash-land1794 callow1823 khadar1828 flood-plain1873 flood-landa1881 berm1891 várzea1911 toich1948 a1881 Rossetti Spring The drained flood-lands flaunt their marigold. flood-light v. (transitive) to illuminate by means of flood-lights. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [verb (transitive)] > illuminate with specific types of electric light searchlight1900 spotlight1913 strip light1920 flood-light1923 1923 M. Luckiesh Light & Color 256 Tall or isolated buildings are particularly attractive when flood-lighted. 1928 C. F. S. Gamble Story N. Sea Air Station ix. 131 By flood-lighting the sky with flares placed on the tops of balloons. flood-light n. a light providing a beam of intense illumination; the illumination so provided; also attributive and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > floodlight flood-lamp1916 flood-light1924 flood1930 1924 J. F. Hobart Tulley's Handbk. (ed. 7) III. 814 Another means of illumination is by floodlights which are mounted at a distance from the space to be lighted. 1925 A. E. Newton Greatest Bk. in World 82 From either side of the proscenium arch two flood-lights played upon the actors. 1925 F. E. Cady & H. B. Dates Illuminating Engin. 410 The light may be projected from flood-light projectors. 1928 Daily Tel. 29 May 10/5 From thirty flood-light projectors the Royal Pavilion was bathed in amber, red, and green. 1930 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. 29 Mar. 7/1 It would be useless to turn a ‘flood-light’ on to any article which cannot stand this searching test. 1930 Airway Age XI. 381/1 In addition to..green and white boundary and approach lights, each hangar is equipped with obstacle and flood lights. flood-lighting n. the action of illuminating with flood-lights; also, flood-lights collectively. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > floodlight > illumination by flood-lighting1917 1917 Electr. News 26, 48 A Resumé of Flood-lighting. 1923 J. W. T. Walsh Elem. Princ. Lighting 188 The illumination of open spaces..may often be carried out satisfactorily by a floodlighting equipment. 1927 M. Borden Flamingo ii. ii It was, of course, most beautiful at night against the dark, when Peter's flood-lighting streamed over it to make it translucent as ice. 1955 Times 2 June 3/4 In view of the need to conserve fuel in the emergency, the Ministry of Works have discontinued the floodlighting of public buildings in London. flood-lit adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [adjective] > lit by a floodlight flood-lit1928 1928 Daily Express 6 Aug. 15/1 Its walls, brilliantly flood-lit,..are made almost entirely of sheets of glass. 1934 H. Nicolson Curzon: Last Phase 40 The flood-lit self-righteousness, the timid imprecisions, the appalling amateurishness of democratic diplomacy. 1958 W. T. O'Dea Social Hist. Lighting vii. 175 The floodlit office building or factory is an advertisement. flood-loam n. = alluvium n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > sediment or alluvium > [noun] siltc1440 warpingc1440 slitch?a1475 sleech1587 alluvium1665 sediment1685 sullage1691 warp1698 wash1707 washing1707 alluvion1731 silting1739 warp land1794 alluvial1818 siltage1876 flood-loam1880 putty1883 1880 J. Geikie Prehist. Europe 22 The ancient löss or flood-loam of the Meuse. flood-mark n. the high-water mark. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > tide > type of tide > [noun] > high > mark sea-mark1485 high-water mark1553 watermark1577 flood-mark1622 tide-mark1799 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 167 Things found vpon the Seas, or within the flood-mark. 1808 W. Scott Marmion ii. ix. 86 The tide did now its flood-mark gain. 1903 Daily Chron. 8 Jan. 5/2 The floods..call attention to the little interest that is taken by local authorities as regards erecting flood-marks. flood-plain n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > land near river > [noun] > flooded holm?c1050 wash-land1794 callow1823 khadar1828 flood-plain1873 flood-landa1881 berm1891 várzea1911 toich1948 1873 J. H. Beadle Undeveloped West xxx. 656 West of the ‘Buckskin’ was a singular flood plain some six miles wide. 1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. iii. ii. xi. §3. 383 The level tracts or flood-plain over which a river spreads in flood. 1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 104 The local rise in the water table intensified solution and so produced in the flood plain very striking karstic forms. 1971 National Geographic Sept. 407 These are but puddles compared to the deluges that once ripped across the lower Missouri's flood-plain. flood-way n. (a) a piece of flooded road or path; (b) a channel constructed for the purpose of taking the flood-waters of a river. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [noun] > flooded part flood-way1889 the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water > for surplus water > for overflow of river flood-way1889 1889 F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 108 Near Tewkesbury and Upton there was a nasty bit of flood-way. 1915 E. Pound Cathay 25 The heart turns to travel so that he then thinks On flood-ways to be far departing. 1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 31 Aug. 178/3 The construction of a ‘floodway’ leaving the main stream [of the Mississippi] at Bird Point, near Cairo. flood-wheel n. a waterwheel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > driven by water waterwheel1408 flood-wheel1515 breast wheel1744 overshot1760 undershot wheel1760 breast-shot1775 bucket-wheel1797 tub-wheel1815 flutter-wheel1817 danaide1825 wheel1842 reaction waterwheel1847 reaction wheel1852 tide-wheel1864 hurdy-gurdy1868 stream-wheel1875 paddle wheela1884 Pelton1885 turbine-pump1900 1515 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (1866) (modernized text) III. 564/1 1 pr. flode wheels 7/. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > system > [noun] > river-bed flood-womba1382 bottomc1400 river bottom1662 pole ground1773 riverbed1781 torrent-bed1867 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xix. 7 Nakened shal be the flod wombe, and the ryueres fro ther welle. flood-wood n. pieces of wood brought down by a flood; also transferred and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [noun] > material washed down by flood-wood1822 flood-drift1869 1822 Massachusetts Spy 6 Feb. There are two short carrying places in this distance, occasioned by flood-wood. 1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. x. 111 Between two bars, where a fog was of rushes, and flood-wood. Draft additions September 2013 flood defence n. ΚΠ 1884 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 24 Feb. 2/1 A party of ladies and gentlemen..were given an excellent opportunity to view the flood defenses of Cairo in their entirety. 1965 W. E. Jackson Achievem. xii. 136 The Council had power to require owners of controlled premises to repair or reconstruct the flood defences. 2007 Daily Tel. 2 July 11/6 Instead of spending money on walls and other flood defences, the Environment Agency..should be insisting on the retention of water meadows. flood damage n. ΚΠ 1867 Morning Post 18 Oct. 8/3 An increase in the working expenses..caused partly by repairing flood damage. 1928 Burlington Mag. June 308/1 (heading) Flood damage at the Tate gallery. 2007 J. W. Hall et al. in C. R. Thorne & E. P. Evans Future Flooding & Coastal Erosion Risks xiii. 211 The..flood defences in England and Wales protect areas most at risk from severe flood damage. flood warning n. ΚΠ 1878 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 21 Dec. 934/1 The system of flood-warnings in operation in Paris and Lyons. 1955 E. Tarry Third Door xi. 166 The roads were almost deserted because of the flood warnings which had been posted. 2008 Independent 10 Mar. 5/2 Minute by minute the Environment Agency was increasing the number of flood warnings in England and Wales with 23 flood warnings—seven severe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). floodv. 1. a. transitive. To cover with a flood; to inundate. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > flood or overflow [verb (transitive)] overruneOE overflowOE surround1444 overfleeta1460 infounder1505 overfloat1601 inund1628 deluge1649 inound1657 flood1663 to set on float1692 overflood?1784 inundate1791 float1794 freshet1865 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being or making very wet > make very wet [verb (transitive)] > flood overflowOE flood1663 the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > do (something) to excess [verb (transitive)] > apply in excess > overwhelm with excessive amount plaster1546 inundate1623 deluge1654 overwhelm1806 flood1882 society > trade and finance > trading conditions > [verb (transitive)] > flood market saturate1827 flood1936 1663 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 479 The streets in Oxon were all flouded with water. 1748 tr. P. Lozano True Relation Earthquake Lima 2 It floods the Out-Skirts of the Town. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xi. i. 451 The rainy season set in; the whole plain was flooded. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > public or popular punishments > [verb (transitive)] > punish by ducking flood?14.. cuck1611 duck1751 horse-pond1757 ?14.. Symmie & his Bruther xi, in Laing Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1822) All þe laddes cryd with a lairrum To flud him & to flyr him. 2. To cover or fill with water; to irrigate (grass land); to deluge (a burning house, mine, etc.) with water. Also of rain, etc.: To fill (a river) to overflowing. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > water > put water into [verb (transitive)] > cover or fill with water watereOE flowa1382 submerge1611 flood1831 the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > flood or overflow [verb (transitive)] > fill to overflowing flood1831 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > make wet [verb (transitive)] > cover or suffuse > with water flood1831 overwater1890 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > extinguish (fire) [verb (transitive)] > by water float1729 dash off, out1786 flood1883 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being or making very wet > make very wet [verb (transitive)] > flood > a burning house, mine, etc. flood1883 1831 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. §2207 Flooding and warping are modes of irrigation, the former for manuring grass lands. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 364 On the arena of the circus or amphitheatre temporarily flooded. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. iii. 563 A violent storm has flooded the rivers. 1883 Manch. Examiner 24 Oct. 4/6 It was decided yesterday..to flood the..Colliery. 3. a. To pour (away, back, out) in a flood. In quots. figurative. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > make abundant [verb (transitive)] > pour abundantly rineeOE pourc1330 streama1425 gush1530 troll1573 flood1829 1829 A. W. Fonblanque in Examiner 23 Aug. 529/2 He floods away his sorrows in private. 1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire IV. xl. 528 The lifeblood of the provinces is flooded back upon Paris. 1888 ‘W. Châteauclair’ Young Seigneur 28 The merry girl left me to flood out her spirits on a friend. b. To drive out by floods. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > flood or overflow [verb (transitive)] > drive out by floods flood1910 1910 Westm. Gaz. 21 June 8/3 The flooded-out attendants. 4. intransitive. Thesaurus » Categories » a. Of rain: To fall in ‘torrents’, rare. Thesaurus » b. To come in ‘floods’ or great quantities; also with in. literal and figurative. c. Of a river: To overflow. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > flood or overflow [verb (intransitive)] > river flow1495 disbank1660 flood1755 spate1853 to burst its banks1860 1755 L. Evans Middle Brit. Col. 30 If it floods early, it scarce retires within its Banks in a Month. 1813 Ld. Byron Giaour (ed. 4) 14 Though raves the gust, and floods the rain. 1829 I. Taylor Nat. Hist. Enthusiasm x. 268 Discourses, and reports, and tracts, that are..flooding from the religious press. 1855 A. H. Clough Struggle in Crayon Aug. 71 Far back through creeks and inlets making, Comes silent, flooding-in, the main. 1886 J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts 18 Thoughts..flood in upon us. d. To become flooded. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > flood or overflow [verb (intransitive)] > become flooded flood1908 1908 Daily Report 24 Aug. 9/1 A carburettor which persistently floods is not uncommon. 1912 Motor Man. (ed. 14) 13 A persistant tendency to flood..due to a punctured float. 5. To suffer from uterine hæmorrhage. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > discharge [verb (intransitive)] > bleed > from uterus flood1771 spot1894 1771 W. Hewson in Philos. Trans. 1770 (Royal Soc.) 60 404 To give women, who are flooding, considerable quantities of port wine. Derivatives ˈflooding adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > [adjective] > flooding or overflowing delavya1400 floating1578 swimmingc1595 overfloten1601 gulf-eating?1611 overflowing1611 overrunning1611 tideful1622 inundant1629 diluvial1656 exuberant1678 diluviana1684 overflown1818 deluging1824 deluginous1835 insurgent1849 flooding1850 overstreaming1860 the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > abundance > [adjective] > flowing abundantly pouring1577 streaming1579 fluenta1592 affluent1704 gushingc1709 flooding1850 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [adjective] > of blood > bleeding > from uterus metrorrhagic1857 flooding1891 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. liii. sig. R6v They..power a plenty on the generall world..Surely, wee nickname this same floudding man, when wee call him by the name of Braue. 1850 E. B. Browning tr. Æschylus Prometheus Bound (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 179 By the flow Of flooding Nile. 1891 Galabin Midwifery (ed. 2) 731 Certain women have a constitutional proclivity to flooding..and have been described as ‘flooders’. ˈflooder n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > [noun] > providing with an excess of something > one who flooder1871 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > bleeding or flow of blood > from uterus > person flooder1871 1871 Daily News 30 June They flooded the constituency with money..and the result was that the honourable flooder was sent to what is called another place. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。