† forceln.

Forms: 1600s forcel, 1600s forcelle.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from French. Etymon: French forcelle.

Etymology: Probably < Middle French forcelle one of the bones in the chest or upper leg of a horse (1563 in a translation of Vegetius Mulomedicina; c1100 in Old French as furcele in sense ‘collarbone’, 12th cent. as forcele in sense ‘upper part of the sternum’) < post-classical Latin forcella collarbone (9th cent.), alteration (with suffix substitution: see -ella suffix) of classical Latin furcilla small fork, in post-classical Latin also collarbone (13th cent. in British sources) < furca fork n. + -illa -illa suffix. Compare focile n. Compare also furcula n.In the version of the list of the horses's bones in quot. 1610, the bones of the upper hind leg called forcel in quot. 1607 are named focile; in this source forcel is used only for a bone of the chest or foreleg also called the cannel-bone. This appears to preserve a distinction between forcelle and focile occurring in a 16th-cent. French translation of the Mulomedicina of Vegetius, which seems to be the ultimate source of the list. Compare also the following apparently isolated earlier borrowing of either Anglo-Norman furcelle, Middle French fourcele, fourcelle groin, lower abdomen, pit of the stomach (14th cent. or earlier) or post-classical Latin forcella pit of the stomach, part of the abdomen in which the oesophagus joins the stomach, region about the base of the sternum (1363 in Chauliac; 12th cent. as furcella), reflecting a different semantic development of the French and Latin words:?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 14^v In þe forcelle [L. forcella] at þe mouþe of þe stomac is a cartilaginous additament called ensiforme.?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 15^v Þe orificiale party, which olde men called percordiale, is toward þe forcelle; þe stomocal partie is fro þens vnto 3 fyngers nyȝ þe vmbilic.

Obsolete.

Apparently: one of the bones in the chest or upper leg of a horse.From its etymology the term would be expected to apply to the clavicle, but this is vestigial or absent in the horse, suggesting some misunderstanding in the sources. Cf. the similar uncertainty regarding the uses of cannel-bone n., and the note at fork n. 8 about the vagueness of use of similar terms in English, French, and Latin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > neck or type of > collarbone or part of

forcel1607

wale1795

1607 G. Markham Cavelarice vii. 8 From the hough to the legge two small bones, and from the leg to the forcels two small bones, and from the pasternes to the hoofes sixteene little bones.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. iv. 219 Then is there the two spade-bones, and from thence to the forcels or canel bones other 2 bons called the marrow-bones.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 153/2 The Forcels or canal bones; are the Bones about the Knee.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	forcel
释义	† forceln. Forms: 1600s forcel, 1600s forcelle. Origin: Probably a borrowing from French. Etymon: French forcelle. Etymology: Probably < Middle French forcelle one of the bones in the chest or upper leg of a horse (1563 in a translation of Vegetius Mulomedicina; c1100 in Old French as furcele in sense ‘collarbone’, 12th cent. as forcele in sense ‘upper part of the sternum’) < post-classical Latin forcella collarbone (9th cent.), alteration (with suffix substitution: see -ella suffix) of classical Latin furcilla small fork, in post-classical Latin also collarbone (13th cent. in British sources) < furca fork n. + -illa -illa suffix. Compare focile n. Compare also furcula n.In the version of the list of the horses's bones in quot. 1610, the bones of the upper hind leg called forcel in quot. 1607 are named focile; in this source forcel is used only for a bone of the chest or foreleg also called the cannel-bone. This appears to preserve a distinction between forcelle and focile occurring in a 16th-cent. French translation of the Mulomedicina of Vegetius, which seems to be the ultimate source of the list. Compare also the following apparently isolated earlier borrowing of either Anglo-Norman furcelle, Middle French fourcele, fourcelle groin, lower abdomen, pit of the stomach (14th cent. or earlier) or post-classical Latin forcella pit of the stomach, part of the abdomen in which the oesophagus joins the stomach, region about the base of the sternum (1363 in Chauliac; 12th cent. as furcella), reflecting a different semantic development of the French and Latin words:?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 14^v In þe forcelle [L. forcella] at þe mouþe of þe stomac is a cartilaginous additament called ensiforme.?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 15^v Þe orificiale party, which olde men called percordiale, is toward þe forcelle; þe stomocal partie is fro þens vnto 3 fyngers nyȝ þe vmbilic. Obsolete. Apparently: one of the bones in the chest or upper leg of a horse.From its etymology the term would be expected to apply to the clavicle, but this is vestigial or absent in the horse, suggesting some misunderstanding in the sources. Cf. the similar uncertainty regarding the uses of cannel-bone n., and the note at fork n. 8 about the vagueness of use of similar terms in English, French, and Latin. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > neck or type of > collarbone or part of forcel1607 wale1795 1607 G. Markham Cavelarice vii. 8 From the hough to the legge two small bones, and from the leg to the forcels two small bones, and from the pasternes to the hoofes sixteene little bones. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. iv. 219 Then is there the two spade-bones, and from thence to the forcels or canel bones other 2 bons called the marrow-bones. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 153/2 The Forcels or canal bones; are the Bones about the Knee. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1607
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