Antarctic Circlen.

Brit.

/anˌtɑːktɪk ˈsəːkl/, U.S.

/ænˌ(t)ɑrktɪk ˈsərk(ə)l/; see also Antarctic adj. and n.

Forms:

α. see circle n. and Antarctic adj. and n.

β. see Antarctic adj. and n. and circle n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; perhaps modelled on a French lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: circle n., Antarctic adj.

Etymology: In α. forms < circle n. + Antarctic adj., after Middle French cercle antartique (c1270 in Old French as cercle antartike ; French cercle antarctique ) or its model classical Latin antarcticus circulus (itself after Hellenistic Greek ἀνταρκτικὸς κύκλος ). In β. forms < Antarctic adj. + circle n. Compare Spanish círculo antártico (1545), Italian circulo antartico (a1314), both earliest in astronomic use (sense 1). Compare slightly earlier Arctic Circle n.

1. Astronomy.

a. A circle on the celestial sphere corresponding to the geographic Antarctic Circle (sense 2), at a declination currently of 66° 33′ 44″ S (this being 90° minus the obliquity of the ecliptic: see the note at Arctic Circle n. 1). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > lesser circle > polar circle > antarctic circle

Antarctic Circlec1550

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. vi. f. 40^v The circle artic is xxiij degreis xxx munitis fra the pole artic siclyik the circle antartic is xxiij degreis xxx munitis fra the pole antartic.

1657 J. Newton Astronomia Britannica i. 1 The circle Antarctick.

1677 E. Halley Let. 22 Nov. in R. Hooke Lect. & Coll. (1678) 76 The two Nubeculæ called by the Saylors the Magellanick Clouds, are both of them exactly like the whiteness of the milky way lying within the Antartick Circle.

1752 D. Jennings Introd. Use Globes & Orrery (new ed.) i. iii. 17 The Poles of the Ecliptic are generally marked on the Celestial Globe, which fall in the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. III. xxxvi. 556 These circles have been by many authors called the arctic and antarctic circles, but improperly, as the ancients always meant by the arctic circle the largest parallel that was always above the horizon of any particular place.

1810 J. Greig Astrography vi. 178 Musca Australis. The southern Bee, or Fly, lies S. of Crux, by the antarctic circle.

1857 H. M. Bouvier Familiar Astron. iii. vii. 252 Q. Describe the situation of Triangulum. A. It is west of Pavo; the Antarctic Circle passes through the middle of this constellation.

1917 G. H. Lepper From Nebula to Nebula (ed. 3) iii. 78 Let it now be recalled that the sun's orbit along the great Antarctic Circle is not a closed curve, seeing that he is constantly falling Vertex-ward.

b. For a location in the southern hemisphere: a circle on the celestial sphere centred on the south celestial pole and touching the local southern horizon, thus enclosing the stars which at that location never set. Now historical.In the northern hemisphere the stars concerned are never visible. This was the original sense in Hellenistic Greek and classical Latin.

ΚΠ

1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 27 The Antartike circle is equall and equidistant to the Arctike circle.

1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse i. f. 37 The Antarctike circle, is an equall parallele with the circle Arctick, touching the Horizont in one only point, and is totally vnder the Earth.

1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. I2 Those Horizons that haue..the South pole eleuated [above them], haue their proper Antartick circle, the quantitie of which circle is according to the Poles eleuation.

1845 Encycl. Metrop. I. 488/1 The great circles which touch the arctic and antarctic circle, will, during the complete revolution of the sphere, twice coincide with the horizon.

1975 O. Neugebauer Hist. Anc. Math. Astron. II. iv. 582 Among the circles on the celestial sphere also appear an ‘arctic’ and an ‘antarctic’ circle, limiting the always visible and the always invisible stars from the stars which are seen to rise and to set.

1998 J. Evans Hist. & Pract. Anc. Astron. ii. 92 The antarctic circle is equal..and parallel to the arctic circle... The stars lying within it are forever invisible to us.

2. Geography. The parallel of latitude in the southern hemisphere that marks the northern extremity of places where the sun can remain continuously above or below the horizon for 24 hours, currently at 66° 33′ 44″ S. See the note at Arctic Circle n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > polar circle

Arctic Circlec1540

polar circle1556

Antarctic Circle1587

polar line1658

polar1688

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. i. 2/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Our describers of the earth haue made it [sc. the Antartike portion of the earth] such in their descriptions, as hath reached litle or nothing into the peaceable sea without the Antartike circle.

1623 G. de Malynes Center of Circle of Commerce 4 The fiue Zones or Girdles of this Terrestiall Globe, beginning from the Artike circle vnto the Tropicke of Cancer, equidistant and correspondent to the Antartike circle and the Tropicke of Capricorne.

1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 63 All the Inhabitants of the Temperate Zones, viz. on either side the Equator, from the Tropicks to the Arctick and Antarctick Circle.

1733 Dugdale & P. Shaw tr. B. Varenius et al. Compl. Syst. Gen. Geogr. II. ii. xxiv. 537 The polar antarctic Circle passes thro' the South, or Magellanic Land, of which we know nothing.

1769 G. Costard Hist. Astron. iii. 100 All the space between the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole lies in total darkness.

1839 Times 18 Mar. 6/2 The Government are on the point of sending out an expedition to the antarctic circle, for the purpose of making magnetic observations in the southern hemisphere.

1872 Chambers's Encycl. I. 106/2 One of these (D. fuliginosa), chiefly found within the Antarctic Circle, is called by sailors the Quaker Bird, on account of the prevailing brown colour of its plumage.

1939 E. D. Laborde tr. E. de Martonne Shorter Physical Geogr. (rev. ed.) 10 At the summer solstice (June 21), the sunlit portion touches at..the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.

1979 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 5 May 43/5 Then a major icequake in the Antarctic Circle breaks up the great Ross ice shelf, setting off worldwide disaster.

2009 D. McGonigal Antarctica: Secrets Southern Continent (new ed.) 83/1 This is particularly true of Anvers Island, one of the largest islands north of the Antarctic Circle on the western side of the peninsula.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	antarctic circle
释义	Antarctic Circlen. Brit. /anˌtɑːktɪk ˈsəːkl/, U.S. /ænˌ(t)ɑrktɪk ˈsərk(ə)l/; see also Antarctic adj. and n. Forms: α. see circle n. and Antarctic adj. and n. β. see Antarctic adj. and n. and circle n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; perhaps modelled on a French lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: circle n., Antarctic adj. Etymology: In α. forms < circle n. + Antarctic adj., after Middle French cercle antartique (c1270 in Old French as cercle antartike ; French cercle antarctique ) or its model classical Latin antarcticus circulus (itself after Hellenistic Greek ἀνταρκτικὸς κύκλος ). In β. forms < Antarctic adj. + circle n. Compare Spanish círculo antártico (1545), Italian circulo antartico (a1314), both earliest in astronomic use (sense 1). Compare slightly earlier Arctic Circle n. 1. Astronomy. a. A circle on the celestial sphere corresponding to the geographic Antarctic Circle (sense 2), at a declination currently of 66° 33′ 44″ S (this being 90° minus the obliquity of the ecliptic: see the note at Arctic Circle n. 1). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > lesser circle > polar circle > antarctic circle Antarctic Circlec1550 c1550 Complaynt Scotl. vi. f. 40^v The circle artic is xxiij degreis xxx munitis fra the pole artic siclyik the circle antartic is xxiij degreis xxx munitis fra the pole antartic. 1657 J. Newton Astronomia Britannica i. 1 The circle Antarctick. 1677 E. Halley Let. 22 Nov. in R. Hooke Lect. & Coll. (1678) 76 The two Nubeculæ called by the Saylors the Magellanick Clouds, are both of them exactly like the whiteness of the milky way lying within the Antartick Circle. 1752 D. Jennings Introd. Use Globes & Orrery (new ed.) i. iii. 17 The Poles of the Ecliptic are generally marked on the Celestial Globe, which fall in the Arctic and Antarctic Circles. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. III. xxxvi. 556 These circles have been by many authors called the arctic and antarctic circles, but improperly, as the ancients always meant by the arctic circle the largest parallel that was always above the horizon of any particular place. 1810 J. Greig Astrography vi. 178 Musca Australis. The southern Bee, or Fly, lies S. of Crux, by the antarctic circle. 1857 H. M. Bouvier Familiar Astron. iii. vii. 252 Q. Describe the situation of Triangulum. A. It is west of Pavo; the Antarctic Circle passes through the middle of this constellation. 1917 G. H. Lepper From Nebula to Nebula (ed. 3) iii. 78 Let it now be recalled that the sun's orbit along the great Antarctic Circle is not a closed curve, seeing that he is constantly falling Vertex-ward. b. For a location in the southern hemisphere: a circle on the celestial sphere centred on the south celestial pole and touching the local southern horizon, thus enclosing the stars which at that location never set. Now historical.In the northern hemisphere the stars concerned are never visible. This was the original sense in Hellenistic Greek and classical Latin. ΚΠ 1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 27 The Antartike circle is equall and equidistant to the Arctike circle. 1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse i. f. 37 The Antarctike circle, is an equall parallele with the circle Arctick, touching the Horizont in one only point, and is totally vnder the Earth. 1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. I2 Those Horizons that haue..the South pole eleuated [above them], haue their proper Antartick circle, the quantitie of which circle is according to the Poles eleuation. 1845 Encycl. Metrop. I. 488/1 The great circles which touch the arctic and antarctic circle, will, during the complete revolution of the sphere, twice coincide with the horizon. 1975 O. Neugebauer Hist. Anc. Math. Astron. II. iv. 582 Among the circles on the celestial sphere also appear an ‘arctic’ and an ‘antarctic’ circle, limiting the always visible and the always invisible stars from the stars which are seen to rise and to set. 1998 J. Evans Hist. & Pract. Anc. Astron. ii. 92 The antarctic circle is equal..and parallel to the arctic circle... The stars lying within it are forever invisible to us. 2. Geography. The parallel of latitude in the southern hemisphere that marks the northern extremity of places where the sun can remain continuously above or below the horizon for 24 hours, currently at 66° 33′ 44″ S. See the note at Arctic Circle n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > polar circle Arctic Circlec1540 polar circle1556 Antarctic Circle1587 polar line1658 polar1688 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. i. 2/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Our describers of the earth haue made it [sc. the Antartike portion of the earth] such in their descriptions, as hath reached litle or nothing into the peaceable sea without the Antartike circle. 1623 G. de Malynes Center of Circle of Commerce 4 The fiue Zones or Girdles of this Terrestiall Globe, beginning from the Artike circle vnto the Tropicke of Cancer, equidistant and correspondent to the Antartike circle and the Tropicke of Capricorne. 1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 63 All the Inhabitants of the Temperate Zones, viz. on either side the Equator, from the Tropicks to the Arctick and Antarctick Circle. 1733 Dugdale & P. Shaw tr. B. Varenius et al. Compl. Syst. Gen. Geogr. II. ii. xxiv. 537 The polar antarctic Circle passes thro' the South, or Magellanic Land, of which we know nothing. 1769 G. Costard Hist. Astron. iii. 100 All the space between the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole lies in total darkness. 1839 Times 18 Mar. 6/2 The Government are on the point of sending out an expedition to the antarctic circle, for the purpose of making magnetic observations in the southern hemisphere. 1872 Chambers's Encycl. I. 106/2 One of these (D. fuliginosa), chiefly found within the Antarctic Circle, is called by sailors the Quaker Bird, on account of the prevailing brown colour of its plumage. 1939 E. D. Laborde tr. E. de Martonne Shorter Physical Geogr. (rev. ed.) 10 At the summer solstice (June 21), the sunlit portion touches at..the Arctic and Antarctic Circles. 1979 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 5 May 43/5 Then a major icequake in the Antarctic Circle breaks up the great Ross ice shelf, setting off worldwide disaster. 2009 D. McGonigal Antarctica: Secrets Southern Continent (new ed.) 83/1 This is particularly true of Anvers Island, one of the largest islands north of the Antarctic Circle on the western side of the peninsula. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1550
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