fothern.

/ˈfɒðə/

Forms: Old English fóðer, Middle English southern voðer, Middle English–1500s fother, fothyr, futher, futhir, (1500s fouther, fowther), Middle English–1600s fuder, fudyr, fudder, Scottish -ir, Middle English–1800s fodder, (Middle English–1500s foder, fodyr, 1500s fodar, 1600s fooder), 1500s–1600s Scottish fidder, Middle English– fother.

Etymology: Old English fóðer strong neuter = Old Saxon fôthar (Middle Dutch voeder , Dutch voer ), Old High German fuodar (Middle High German vuoder , German fuder ) < West Germanic *fôþr(o) ; the continental words mean ‘cartload’, ‘a certain weight supposed to represent a cartload’, ‘a certain measure of wine’ (see fudder n.³). The root is usually believed to be an ablaut variant of faþ- to stretch out: see fathom n.

a. A load; a cart-load (of hay, turf, wood, etc.). Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > [noun] > of loads > a load > cartload

fotherOE

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > [noun] > by wheeled vehicle > by cart > load carried by cart

fotherOE

cart-load?c1225

jag1597

court-load1703

OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 852 He scolde gife ilca gear in to þe minstre sixtiga foðra wuda and twælf foður græfan and sex foður gearda.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12857 Ban vnimete. bi atlinge heom þuhte þritti uoðere [c1300 Otho foþer].

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 532 With hym ther was a Plowman, was his broother That hadde ylad of donge ful many a Foother.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 6007 Þe sledd it bare so grete fothir.

1469 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 21 Your tenant..hath not gotten but xii foder of hay.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 198 Ane fudyr [1489 Adv. fothyr] greter and weill mor Than eny he broucht that ȝer befor.

1490 Acta Dom. Conc. 181 Withhaldin..fourtj fuder of pettis [= peats] of ane yere bipast.

1568 Wowing Jok & Jynny vii Fyve fidder of raggis to stuff ane jak.

1569 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 307 Lxxx fudders of barke xx l.

1774–5 Act Rights Herbage Freemen Newcastle (14 Geo. III) in J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle (1789) I. 652 Four fothers of clod lime and fifteen fothers of good manure on each acre.

1813 Misc. in Ann. Reg. 507/2 20 fothers of additional thickness in clay were thrown in.

1892 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) A fother of muck, or of lime, &c.

figurative.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 74 Þu hauest imaket foðer to feðerin wið þe sawlen.

b. transferred. A mass; a quantity, ‘lot’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > [noun] > a quantity or amount

fother13..

minda1325

quantitya1325

bodya1500

qt.1640

volume1702

some deal1710

lot1789

chance1805

mess1809

grist1832

jag1834

mense1841

13.. K. Alis. 1809 Darie..makith thretyng ful a fothir.

a1400 K. Alis. 6467 Heore nether lippe is a foul fother.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 490 Vnder hem bothe was there fair fothir.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid x. Prol. 159 I compt not of thir pagane Goddis ane futhir.

1567 R. Sempill in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. 54 King, Quene, and Lord, thay pas into ane fidder.

?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 95 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 233 There they fell at the first shotte, many a fell fothir.

c. Used for an enormous quantity, a ‘cart-load’ of gold or money.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > large sum

pounda1225

ransom?a1300

fother14..

gob1542

mint1579

king's ransomc1590

abomination1604

coda1680

a pretty (also fine, fair, etc.) penny1710

plunk1767

big money1824

pot1856

big one?1863

a small fortune1874

four figures1893

poultice1902

parcel1903

bundle1905

pretty1909

real money1918

stack1919

packet1922

heavy sugar1926

motza1936

big bucks1941

bomb1958

wedge1977

megadollars1980

squillion1986

bank1995

14.. Partonope App. 3147 Ffor though a man wolde gyfe a fother Of golde he myght not sell to another.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1050 Another That coste largely of gold a fother.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 151 Out of thair throttis thay schot on vdder Hett moltin gold, me thocht a fudder.

1863 J. P. Robson Songs Bards of Tyne 287 Where the brass hez a' cum frae nebody can tell..But..they mun have at least had a fother.

2. spec. A definite weight of some specified substance.

a. Of lead: Now usually 19½ cwt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units for lead or lead ore

footmeal?a1300

fother1375

formella1690

bing1876

1375–6 in R. E. G. Kirk Acct. Abingdon Abbey (1892) 30 Et ad iactandum xvj vothres vj votmels [printed votinels] plumbi in pondere, Cs.

1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 154 My mastyre sent to my lorde a fodyr and di. off leede.

1541 Accts. Ld. High Treasurer Scotl. in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. I. 310 For þe fraucht of thre fidder of leid.

1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 269 Foure of these Loads will make a Fother of Lead of twentie hundreth.

1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Jiv In both the Peaks the Merchants deal and sell the Lead by Fodders.

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. x. 168 The charrus contains nearly 19½ hundreds, that is, it corresponds to the fodder, or fother, of modern times.

b. elliptical in to fall as a fother (of lead); hence, a crushing blow.

ΚΠ

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) Orig. draft l. 641 Euery strok þat þou me rauȝt falleþ doun as a foþer.

a1400 Coer de L. 1732 On his head falleth the fother.

c. Of coals: (see quot. 1849).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units for coal

fother1607

stand1729

keel1750

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > definite weight of

fother1607

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Hh1/1 Fother, is a weight of twenty hundred, which is a waine or cart loade.

1765 London Chron. 17 Dec. 582 Several fothers of coals this week have been found short of the standard measure.

1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 26 Fother, a measure of coals, being one-third of a chaldron, or 17⅔ cwt.; a good single horse cart load.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

fotherv.

/ˈfɒðə/

Forms: Also 1800s fodder.

Etymology: probably < Dutch voederen (now voeren ), or Low German fodern = German füttern to line (also in Nautical use as below); compare further Old Norse fóðra to line, < Old Germanic *fóđro- sheath, etc. (mentioned under fodder n.: see also fur v., forel n.).

Nautical.

1. transitive. To cover (a sail) thickly with oakum, rope yarn, or other loose material fastened on it, with the view of getting some of it sucked into a leak, over which the sail is to be drawn.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > stop a leak in specific way

fother1789

to shut up1805

to well the ship1820

1789 A. Duncan Mariner's Chron. (1805) IV. 36 The leak began..to gain upon them, a second sail was fothered and got under the bottom.

1790 New Ann. Reg. 1789 263 Fothering it round with oakum, to fill up.

1811 Naval Chron. 25 4 The..sail had been fothered, and drawn under the ship.

1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. iii. 129 Get the boatswain to fother a sail then.

2. To stop a leak by this method.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (intransitive)] > specific damage limitation operations

bail1624

to trench the ballast1627

fother1800

1800 Naval Chron. 3 473 By foddering, and those excellent pumps, we kept her above water.

1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 449 The different plans which..had been adopted to stop a leak..were..1. To fother.

Derivatives

ˈfother n. (also fodder) the material used for fothering.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > plugs or packing to keep water out

coat1626

hawse-plug1627

fother1800

shot-plug1867

jackass1889

1800 Naval Chron. 3 473 We could get a sail with fodder over.

ˈfothering n. the action of the verb. Also attributive, as fothering-mat, fothering-sail.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > damage limitation operations

jettison1426

laving1457

jetsam1641

bailing1682

fothering1769

baling1856

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Fothering, a peculiar method of endeavouring to stop a leak in the bottom of a ship while she is afloat.

1819 J. H. Vaux Memoirs I. 226 Applying what is termed a fothering mat to her bows.

1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 451 A bunch of rope-yarns..might enter some of the larger leaks..through the medium of a fothering sail.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	fother
释义	fothern. /ˈfɒðə/ Forms: Old English fóðer, Middle English southern voðer, Middle English–1500s fother, fothyr, futher, futhir, (1500s fouther, fowther), Middle English–1600s fuder, fudyr, fudder, Scottish -ir, Middle English–1800s fodder, (Middle English–1500s foder, fodyr, 1500s fodar, 1600s fooder), 1500s–1600s Scottish fidder, Middle English– fother. Etymology: Old English fóðer strong neuter = Old Saxon fôthar (Middle Dutch voeder , Dutch voer ), Old High German fuodar (Middle High German vuoder , German fuder ) < West Germanic fôþr(o) ; the continental words mean ‘cartload’, ‘a certain weight supposed to represent a cartload’, ‘a certain measure of wine’ (see fudder n.³). The root is usually believed to be an ablaut variant of faþ-* to stretch out: see fathom n. 1. a. A load; a cart-load (of hay, turf, wood, etc.). Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > [noun] > of loads > a load > cartload fotherOE society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > [noun] > by wheeled vehicle > by cart > load carried by cart fotherOE cart-load?c1225 jag1597 court-load1703 OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 852 He scolde gife ilca gear in to þe minstre sixtiga foðra wuda and twælf foður græfan and sex foður gearda. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12857 Ban vnimete. bi atlinge heom þuhte þritti uoðere [c1300 Otho foþer]. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 532 With hym ther was a Plowman, was his broother That hadde ylad of donge ful many a Foother. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 6007 Þe sledd it bare so grete fothir. 1469 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 21 Your tenant..hath not gotten but xii foder of hay. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 198 Ane fudyr [1489 Adv. fothyr] greter and weill mor Than eny he broucht that ȝer befor. 1490 Acta Dom. Conc. 181 Withhaldin..fourtj fuder of pettis [= peats] of ane yere bipast. 1568 Wowing Jok & Jynny vii Fyve fidder of raggis to stuff ane jak. 1569 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 307 Lxxx fudders of barke xx l. 1774–5 Act Rights Herbage Freemen Newcastle (14 Geo. III) in J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle (1789) I. 652 Four fothers of clod lime and fifteen fothers of good manure on each acre. 1813 Misc. in Ann. Reg. 507/2 20 fothers of additional thickness in clay were thrown in. 1892 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) A fother of muck, or of lime, &c. figurative.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 74 Þu hauest imaket foðer to feðerin wið þe sawlen. b. transferred. A mass; a quantity, ‘lot’. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > [noun] > a quantity or amount fother13.. minda1325 quantitya1325 bodya1500 qt.1640 volume1702 some deal1710 lot1789 chance1805 mess1809 grist1832 jag1834 mense1841 13.. K. Alis. 1809 Darie..makith thretyng ful a fothir. a1400 K. Alis. 6467 Heore nether lippe is a foul fother. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 490 Vnder hem bothe was there fair fothir. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid x. Prol. 159 I compt not of thir pagane Goddis ane futhir. 1567 R. Sempill in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. 54 King, Quene, and Lord, thay pas into ane fidder. ?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 95 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 233 There they fell at the first shotte, many a fell fothir. c. Used for an enormous quantity, a ‘cart-load’ of gold or money. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > large sum pounda1225 ransom?a1300 fother14.. gob1542 mint1579 king's ransomc1590 abomination1604 coda1680 a pretty (also fine, fair, etc.) penny1710 plunk1767 big money1824 pot1856 big one?1863 a small fortune1874 four figures1893 poultice1902 parcel1903 bundle1905 pretty1909 real money1918 stack1919 packet1922 heavy sugar1926 motza1936 big bucks1941 bomb1958 wedge1977 megadollars1980 squillion1986 bank1995 14.. Partonope App. 3147 Ffor though a man wolde gyfe a fother Of golde he myght not sell to another. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1050 Another That coste largely of gold a fother. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 151 Out of thair throttis thay schot on vdder Hett moltin gold, me thocht a fudder. 1863 J. P. Robson Songs Bards of Tyne 287 Where the brass hez a' cum frae nebody can tell..But..they mun have at least had a fother. 2. spec. A definite weight of some specified substance. a. Of lead: Now usually 19½ cwt. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units for lead or lead ore footmeal?a1300 fother1375 formella1690 bing1876 1375–6 in R. E. G. Kirk Acct. Abingdon Abbey (1892) 30 Et ad iactandum xvj vothres vj votmels [printed votinels] plumbi in pondere, Cs. 1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 154 My mastyre sent to my lorde a fodyr and di. off leede. 1541 Accts. Ld. High Treasurer Scotl. in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. I. 310 For þe fraucht of thre fidder of leid. 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 269 Foure of these Loads will make a Fother of Lead of twentie hundreth. 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Jiv In both the Peaks the Merchants deal and sell the Lead by Fodders. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. x. 168 The charrus contains nearly 19½ hundreds, that is, it corresponds to the fodder, or fother, of modern times. b. elliptical in to fall as a fother (of lead); hence, a crushing blow. ΚΠ c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) Orig. draft l. 641 Euery strok þat þou me rauȝt falleþ doun as a foþer. a1400 Coer de L. 1732 On his head falleth the fother. c. Of coals: (see quot. 1849). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units for coal fother1607 stand1729 keel1750 society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > definite weight of fother1607 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Hh1/1 Fother, is a weight of twenty hundred, which is a waine or cart loade. 1765 London Chron. 17 Dec. 582 Several fothers of coals this week have been found short of the standard measure. 1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 26 Fother, a measure of coals, being one-third of a chaldron, or 17⅔ cwt.; a good single horse cart load. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2021). fotherv. /ˈfɒðə/ Forms: Also 1800s fodder. Etymology: probably < Dutch voederen (now voeren ), or Low German fodern = German füttern to line (also in Nautical use as below); compare further Old Norse fóðra to line, < Old Germanic fóđro- sheath, etc. (mentioned under fodder n.: see also fur v., forel n.). Nautical. 1. transitive. To cover (a sail) thickly with oakum, rope yarn, or other loose material fastened on it, with the view of getting some of it sucked into a leak, over which the sail is to be drawn. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > stop a leak in specific way fother1789 to shut up1805 to well the ship1820 1789 A. Duncan Mariner's Chron.* (1805) IV. 36 The leak began..to gain upon them, a second sail was fothered and got under the bottom. 1790 New Ann. Reg. 1789 263 Fothering it round with oakum, to fill up. 1811 Naval Chron. 25 4 The..sail had been fothered, and drawn under the ship. 1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. iii. 129 Get the boatswain to fother a sail then. 2. To stop a leak by this method. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (intransitive)] > specific damage limitation operations bail1624 to trench the ballast1627 fother1800 1800 Naval Chron. 3 473 By foddering, and those excellent pumps, we kept her above water. 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 449 The different plans which..had been adopted to stop a leak..were..1. To fother. Derivatives ˈfother n. (also fodder) the material used for fothering. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > plugs or packing to keep water out coat1626 hawse-plug1627 fother1800 shot-plug1867 jackass1889 1800 Naval Chron. 3 473 We could get a sail with fodder over. ˈfothering n. the action of the verb. Also attributive, as fothering-mat, fothering-sail. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > damage limitation operations jettison1426 laving1457 jetsam1641 bailing1682 fothering1769 baling1856 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Fothering, a peculiar method of endeavouring to stop a leak in the bottom of a ship while she is afloat. 1819 J. H. Vaux Memoirs I. 226 Applying what is termed a fothering mat to her bows. 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 451 A bunch of rope-yarns..might enter some of the larger leaks..through the medium of a fothering sail. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.OEv.1769
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