franciscan.

Brit.

/franˈsɪskə/, U.S.

/frænˈsɪskə/

Forms:

α. 1600s– francisque, 1800s francesque.

β. 1800s– francesca (rare), 1800s– francisca.

γ. 1800s francisc.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French francisque; Latin francisca.

Etymology: Originally < French francisque (1606) < post-classical Latin francisca (a636 in Isidore), use as noun (short for e.g. securis francisca Frankish axe) of feminine of franciscus Frankish (see French adj.). In later use (especially in β. forms) also directly < post-classical Latin francisca.

historical.

A type of battleaxe, varying in form, used by the ancient Franks.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > axe > [noun]

wi-axc897

hand-axeOE

wifleOE

axec1275

poleaxe1294

Danish axe1297

hache1322

gisarmea1325

pollhache1324

spartha1363

battle-axec1380

the sheenc1400

sparc1440

Welsh glaive1483

twibit1510

twibill1558

tomahawkc1612

two-billc1619

sagaris1623

francisca1683

tom-axe1759

tomahawk1761

1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France i. 17 They had left off the use of Arrows, and employ'd in their stead for offensive weapons, the Sword, the Angon..and the two-edged Axe, which they called Francisque.

1702 Hist. France to 1702 I. v. 8 The two-edged Ax, which they called Francisque, that might be darted.

1801 A. Ranken Hist. France I. 21 One soldier..raising his francesque or battle-axe, struck the vessel.

1824 J. Elmes Gen. Dict. Fine Arts at Battleaxe There is preserved in the royal library at Paris, a francisca,..which is said to have been that of Childeric.

1864 C. Kingsley Roman & Teuton vi. 157 Franks came down..armed with..heavy short-handled double-edged francisc or battle-axe.

1930 Mod. Lang. Notes 45 284 The Franks fought originally on foot and used the francisque, the framée and a long knife or sword.

1996 Times (Nexis) 24 Aug. The collaborationist Government in Vichy..named a medal after the ‘francisque’, the double-headed axe Clovis used to such effect on the butter-fingered warrior.

2004 Britannia 35 236 Another [Anglo-Saxon burial], with grave-goods which include a ‘Frankish’ francisca, appears to date to the third quarter of the fifth century.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	francisca
释义	franciscan. Brit. /franˈsɪskə/, U.S. /frænˈsɪskə/ Forms: α. 1600s– francisque, 1800s francesque. β. 1800s– francesca (rare), 1800s– francisca. γ. 1800s francisc. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French francisque; Latin francisca. Etymology: Originally < French francisque (1606) < post-classical Latin francisca (a636 in Isidore), use as noun (short for e.g. securis francisca Frankish axe) of feminine of franciscus Frankish (see French adj.). In later use (especially in β. forms) also directly < post-classical Latin francisca. historical. A type of battleaxe, varying in form, used by the ancient Franks. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > axe > [noun] wi-axc897 hand-axeOE wifleOE axec1275 poleaxe1294 Danish axe1297 hache1322 gisarmea1325 pollhache1324 spartha1363 battle-axec1380 the sheenc1400 sparc1440 Welsh glaive1483 twibit1510 twibill1558 tomahawkc1612 two-billc1619 sagaris1623 francisca1683 tom-axe1759 tomahawk1761 1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France i. 17 They had left off the use of Arrows, and employ'd in their stead for offensive weapons, the Sword, the Angon..and the two-edged Axe, which they called Francisque. 1702 Hist. France to 1702 I. v. 8 The two-edged Ax, which they called Francisque, that might be darted. 1801 A. Ranken Hist. France I. 21 One soldier..raising his francesque or battle-axe, struck the vessel. 1824 J. Elmes Gen. Dict. Fine Arts at Battleaxe There is preserved in the royal library at Paris, a francisca,..which is said to have been that of Childeric. 1864 C. Kingsley Roman & Teuton vi. 157 Franks came down..armed with..heavy short-handled double-edged francisc or battle-axe. 1930 Mod. Lang. Notes 45 284 The Franks fought originally on foot and used the francisque, the framée and a long knife or sword. 1996 Times (Nexis) 24 Aug. The collaborationist Government in Vichy..named a medal after the ‘francisque’, the double-headed axe Clovis used to such effect on the butter-fingered warrior. 2004 Britannia 35 236 Another [Anglo-Saxon burial], with grave-goods which include a ‘Frankish’ francisca, appears to date to the third quarter of the fifth century. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1683
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