ad hominemadv.adj.

Brit.

/ˌad ˈhɒmᵻnɛm/, U.S.

/ˌæd ˈhɑmənəm/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ad hominem.

Etymology: < classical Latin ad hominem < ad to (see ad- prefix) + hominem , accusative of homō person (see homo n.¹). Compare ad rem adv. and later ad personam adv.

Originally Logic and Philosophy (in philosophical use often contrasted with ad rem).

A. adv.

With reference to the conduct of an argument: in a way that aims criticism at the proponent of a position rather than (directly) at the position in dispute, as by impugning their character or motives or by arguing that the position is inconsistent with other things its proponent presupposes or asserts or does.Cf. ad feminam adv., ad personam adv., argumentum ad hominem at argument n. 3c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > in respect of specific form or manner [phrase] > with personal rather than general reference

ad hominem1588

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [phrase] > types of argument

ad hominem1588

Q.E.D.1614

ex pede Herculem1665

1588 J. Harvey Discoursiue Probl. conc. Prophesies 8 I was long sithence taught by Rodulph Agricola in his notable bookes, de Inuentione Dialecticæ, to dispute rather ad Rem, than ad Hominem.

1684 R. Boyle Exper. Porosity of Bodies ii. viii. 132 As to the second part of the Proposition,..it may be proved ad hominem against any Epicurean that should deny it.

1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. p. xxxiv It is fair to take up a suitable Character, and argue ad hominem.

1819 Times 13 Oct. 3/3 The first sentence..as applied ad hominem, must be thought to leave Lord Erskine's antagonist without a word to say.

1862 M. Evans Biogr. Sketches Pioneer Preacher Indiana 324 He employs no grievous words that stir up strife... His pen addresses itself ad rem, and not ad hominem.

1923 Musical Q. 9 139 Argued ad hominem, who in America has bought them?

1986 Dædalus Spring 46 Departments at the Institute were designed ad hominem around the interests of the laboratory head.

2001 G. Gocić Notes from Underground i. 45 Qualms about Kusturica's films..had little to do with the films themselves. The attacks..were intoned ad hominem rather than ad rem.

B. adj.

Of an argument, criticism, etc.: relating to or aimed at a person rather than (directly) addressing the position in dispute; spec. (a) that impugns the character or motives of the proponent of a position rather than addressing the position proposed; (b) that criticizes a position or argument on the grounds of its (alleged) inconsistency with other things its proponent presupposes or asserts or does.Most commonly used to describe arguments which impugn the character or question the abilities or motivations of the person involved, typically with the implication that arguments of this kind are fallacious or unfair. In philosophical discourse also used more neutrally of arguments which criticize a position taken by a particular person by calling into question the consistency of that position with regard to other positions taken or premises asserted by that person.

ΚΠ

1599 R. Parsons Temperate Ward-word vi. 79 This is an argument..which logicians call, ad hominem.

1633 W. Ames Fresh Suit against Human Ceremonies i. x. 105 Some arguments, and answers are ad hominem, that is, they respect the thing in quæstion, not simply, but as it commeth from such a man.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iii. §2. 359 The Argument here alleged is only one ad hominem.

1783 New Rev. 3 44 He sallies out with irony and ad hominem arguments,..cutting and thrusting at the Irish volunteers.

1819 Eclectic Rev. 11 609/1 If we were disposed to select one part of the Bishop's reply,..it would be this ad hominem branch of his argument.

1860 D. P. Thompson Doomed Chief viii. 160 The universal burst of indignant denunciation which..followed this ad hominem question, told the gratified speaker how well his remarks had counted.

1923 Polit. Sci. Q. 38 382 How the considerations of general welfare..are..concretely presented in the form of ad hominem appeals in the pamphlets written for the edification of the electorate!

1986 J. Newman Mental Philos. J. H. Newman i. 4 He frequently indulges in abusive ad hominem criticism of specific philosophers.

2004 Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Nexis) 9 July b6 In politics..and in the media the ad hominem argument and personal attack has become the first and last refuge..for many angry but misguided critics.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	ad hominem
释义	ad hominemadv.adj. Brit. /ˌad ˈhɒmᵻnɛm/, U.S. /ˌæd ˈhɑmənəm/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ad hominem. Etymology: < classical Latin ad hominem < ad to (see ad- prefix) + hominem , accusative of homō person (see homo n.¹). Compare ad rem adv. and later ad personam adv. Originally Logic and Philosophy (in philosophical use often contrasted with ad rem). A. adv. With reference to the conduct of an argument: in a way that aims criticism at the proponent of a position rather than (directly) at the position in dispute, as by impugning their character or motives or by arguing that the position is inconsistent with other things its proponent presupposes or asserts or does.Cf. ad feminam adv., ad personam adv., argumentum ad hominem at argument n. 3c. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > in respect of specific form or manner [phrase] > with personal rather than general reference ad hominem1588 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [phrase] > types of argument ad hominem1588 Q.E.D.1614 ex pede Herculem1665 1588 J. Harvey Discoursiue Probl. conc. Prophesies 8 I was long sithence taught by Rodulph Agricola in his notable bookes, de Inuentione Dialecticæ, to dispute rather ad Rem, than ad Hominem. 1684 R. Boyle Exper. Porosity of Bodies ii. viii. 132 As to the second part of the Proposition,..it may be proved ad hominem against any Epicurean that should deny it. 1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. p. xxxiv It is fair to take up a suitable Character, and argue ad hominem. 1819 Times 13 Oct. 3/3 The first sentence..as applied ad hominem, must be thought to leave Lord Erskine's antagonist without a word to say. 1862 M. Evans Biogr. Sketches Pioneer Preacher Indiana 324 He employs no grievous words that stir up strife... His pen addresses itself ad rem, and not ad hominem. 1923 Musical Q. 9 139 Argued ad hominem, who in America has bought them? 1986 Dædalus Spring 46 Departments at the Institute were designed ad hominem around the interests of the laboratory head. 2001 G. Gocić Notes from Underground i. 45 Qualms about Kusturica's films..had little to do with the films themselves. The attacks..were intoned ad hominem rather than ad rem. B. adj. Of an argument, criticism, etc.: relating to or aimed at a person rather than (directly) addressing the position in dispute; spec. (a) that impugns the character or motives of the proponent of a position rather than addressing the position proposed; (b) that criticizes a position or argument on the grounds of its (alleged) inconsistency with other things its proponent presupposes or asserts or does.Most commonly used to describe arguments which impugn the character or question the abilities or motivations of the person involved, typically with the implication that arguments of this kind are fallacious or unfair. In philosophical discourse also used more neutrally of arguments which criticize a position taken by a particular person by calling into question the consistency of that position with regard to other positions taken or premises asserted by that person. ΚΠ 1599 R. Parsons Temperate Ward-word vi. 79 This is an argument..which logicians call, ad hominem. 1633 W. Ames Fresh Suit against Human Ceremonies i. x. 105 Some arguments, and answers are ad hominem, that is, they respect the thing in quæstion, not simply, but as it commeth from such a man. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iii. §2. 359 The Argument here alleged is only one ad hominem. 1783 New Rev. 3 44 He sallies out with irony and ad hominem arguments,..cutting and thrusting at the Irish volunteers. 1819 Eclectic Rev. 11 609/1 If we were disposed to select one part of the Bishop's reply,..it would be this ad hominem branch of his argument. 1860 D. P. Thompson Doomed Chief viii. 160 The universal burst of indignant denunciation which..followed this ad hominem question, told the gratified speaker how well his remarks had counted. 1923 Polit. Sci. Q. 38 382 How the considerations of general welfare..are..concretely presented in the form of ad hominem appeals in the pamphlets written for the edification of the electorate! 1986 J. Newman Mental Philos. J. H. Newman i. 4 He frequently indulges in abusive ad hominem criticism of specific philosophers. 2004 Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Nexis) 9 July b6 In politics..and in the media the ad hominem argument and personal attack has become the first and last refuge..for many angry but misguided critics. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adv.adj.1588
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