fundingn.

Brit.

/ˈfʌndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈfəndɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fund n.¹, -ing suffix¹; fund v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < fund n.¹ + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < fund v. + -ing suffix¹.

1. Finance. Conversion of a floating debt into a more or less permanent debt at a fixed rate of interest. Cf. fund v. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [noun] > conversion of floating into permanent debt

funding1735

1735 Visct. Bolingbroke Diss. upon Parties (ed. 2) 33 The Ministers..had no Opportunity to filch in the Pockets of every private Man..; as might be done now, when Funding hath been so long in Fashion.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. iii. 552 We had first recourse to the ruinous expedient of perpetual funding .

1792 A. Young Trav. France 517 It remains a subject of infinite curiosity, to see how far the infatuated and blind spirit of funding will now be pursued.

1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation iii. ii. 434 Funding is now effected in France as in England, by granting interminable annuities redeemable at pleasure.

1891 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 2 44 The legislature is empowered, in such a case, to provide for the funding of the corporate debt.

1922 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 85 191 If in the meantime other expenditure has been incurred in such a degree that debt charges cannot be met without further borrowing, the purpose of the funding is so far defeated.

1954 Proc. Acad. Polit. Sci. 25 68 The resulting ownership would make it easier for the Treasury to spread out the excessive amount of one-year debt over a somewhat longer period of up to five years and this would give it more elbow room for other longer-term funding.

1997 A. T. Peacock Polit. Econ. of Econ. Freedom xvi. 234 Taxpayer/voter ignorance of the full implications of the funding of government debt.

a. The action or practice of providing money for a particular cause or purpose.

ΚΠ

1912 Washington Post 7 Sept. 1/3 The Clapp Senate committee..has been charged with investigation of the funding of the presidential campaigns.

1936 E. Lindeman Wealth & Culture vii. 51 The funding of large amounts of money for philanthropic purposes throws light upon our economic system.

1976 CRC Jrnl. July 17/3 In addition to plenary discussion, smaller working groups considered education and youth.., funding and the mechanics of starting a group.

2005 E-learning in Tertiary Educ. viii. 209 National governments play a significant role in the strategic direction and funding of higher education in general, and e-learning in particular.

b. Money provided, especially by an organization or government, for a particular cause or purpose.lottery, research, state funding, etc.: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1930 Frederick (Maryland) Post 1 Apr. 1/2 Commissioners will consider additional funding for emergency services budget categories.

1989 Working Environment for Res. U.S. & Japanese Universities (National Res. Council (U.S.)) ii. 7 American researchers are permitted to pursue their own area of interest as long as they can find funding.

2003 Austral. Financial Rev. (Sydney) 5 Sept. 52/2 The Charities Bill could act as a huge disincentive to charitable trusts and law firms on whom legal centres rely for a substantial portion of their fundings and pro bono work.

2015 Oxf. Times 21 May 4/1 Funding for housing-related support countywide is due to be cut by 38 per cent .

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. In sense 1, as funding act, funding system, etc.

ΚΠ

1761 Public Ledger 9 May 422/1 The Stocks were seized with a fit of sickness, defined by the funding faculty to be a fall of two per cent.

1790 M. Cutler Let. 21 Mar. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 463 Congress..ought to pay no regard to this matter in their establishment of a funding system.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. v. ii. 532 In the infancy of the funding system it was customary to borrow upon the security of some tax, or portion of a tax, set apart as a fund for discharging the principal and interest of the sum borrowed.

1871 Lowell (Mass.) Daily Citizen & News 11 Jan. The Senate has passed a bill changing the terms of the funding act, by authorizing an increase of the issue of five per cent. bonds from two to five hundred millions.

1892 Daily News 29 June 2/3 The directors protest against the receipt of funding bonds instead of the cash guarantee.

1915 C. A. Beard Econ. Origins Jeffersonian Democracy vi. 179 Of the fourteen Senators who voted in favor of the funding bill.., at least ten..appear upon the Treasury records as holders of public securities at the time of the funding process.

1992 B. Eichengreen Golden Fetters (1995) 79 Additional funding loans followed at six-month intervals but did not obviate the need to issue a rapidly growing stock of treasury bills.

b. In sense 2, as funding allocation, funding cut, funding programme, etc.rare before the mid 20th cent.

ΚΠ

1932 Bakersfield Californian 29 Apr. 1/4 Fifty civic-minded citizens..completed plans for the combined Boy Scout-Camp Fire Girl funding campaign.

1939 C. J. Glynn et al. Public Opinion xii. 430 The rise of another kind of political organization—political action committees..—has added more confusion to the funding situation.

1953 Jrnl. Risk & Insurance Mar. 63 Great strides have been made in producing real retirement schemes... Different types of funding programs adapted to individual circumstances are now in existence.

1969 N. Y. Times 21 July 27 (heading) Funding cuts faced by state university.

1972 Bay State Banner (Boston) 9 Nov. 7 The Coalition recommended that the program receive a substantial increase in its funding allocation.

1984 Rail Passenger Devel. Plan (Calif. Div. Mass Transportation) 54 [Amtrak's] current funding needs could be quite different from the Department's earlier projections.

1992 Times Educ. Suppl. 31 Jan. 4/2 Currently, the money that goes to opted-out schools is based on the funding arrangements for other local schools.

2000 New Scientist 19 Aug. 55/1 If you want to continue a career in research, funding opportunities are increasing.

2015 Daily Tel. 6 Mar. 24/3 [The music service] raised $30 million in a new funding round from a mix of institutional investors and high net-worth individuals.

C2.

funding agency n. an agency that provides or manages funding (originally in sense 1, now chiefly in sense 2).

ΚΠ

1874 B. Stuvé in A. Davidson & B. Stuvé Compl. Hist. Illinois li. 676 A bill was introduced into the legislature abolishing the funding agency in New York.

1981 R. G. Myers Connecting Worlds 87 Funding agencies and research institutions reconsidered the role of education in development.

2014 Science 3 Oct. 15/2 The institution must notify the funding agency and develop a risk mitigation plan.

funding body n. an organization or department that raises or provides funds for a particular cause or purpose.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > other types of association, society, or organization

invisible college1647

rota1660

working party1744

free association1761

working committee1821

Ethical Society1822

bar association1824

league1846

congress1870

tiger1874

cult1875

Daughters of the American Revolution1890

community group1892

housing association1898

working party1902

development agency1910

affinity group1915

propaganda machine1916

funding body1922

collective1925

Ku-Klux1930

network1946

NGO1946

production brigade1950

umbrella organization1950

plantation1956

think-tank1958

think group1961

team1990

1922 C. T. Waite in I. H. Harper Hist. Woman Suffrage VI. xix. 265 The Woman Suffrage League of Maryland was formed in February, 1917, and the Baltimore City Committee took the active place of the Equal Suffrage League, which became a funding body to carry out the bequest of Miss Ellicott.

1968 Art Jrnl. Winter 228/2 [The College Art Association] is not a funding body for projects and has no paid working staff.

1981 Amer. Libraries May 275/3 If we are only the end-user.., then we will not succeed in defining our role..in terms that are meaningful to funding bodies and to users and supporters.

2014 Daily Tel. 1 Oct. (Sport section) 13/1 The grass-roots funding body [sc. Sport England]..committed to helping basketball continue entering teams at major championships.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	funding
释义	fundingn. Brit. /ˈfʌndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈfəndɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fund n.¹, -ing suffix¹; fund v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < fund n.¹ + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < fund v. + -ing suffix¹. 1. Finance. Conversion of a floating debt into a more or less permanent debt at a fixed rate of interest. Cf. fund v. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [noun] > conversion of floating into permanent debt funding1735 1735 Visct. Bolingbroke Diss. upon Parties (ed. 2) 33 The Ministers..had no Opportunity to filch in the Pockets of every private Man..; as might be done now, when Funding hath been so long in Fashion. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. iii. 552 We had first recourse to the ruinous expedient of perpetual funding . View more context for this quotation 1792 A. Young Trav. France 517 It remains a subject of infinite curiosity, to see how far the infatuated and blind spirit of funding will now be pursued. 1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation iii. ii. 434 Funding is now effected in France as in England, by granting interminable annuities redeemable at pleasure. 1891 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 2 44 The legislature is empowered, in such a case, to provide for the funding of the corporate debt. 1922 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 85 191 If in the meantime other expenditure has been incurred in such a degree that debt charges cannot be met without further borrowing, the purpose of the funding is so far defeated. 1954 Proc. Acad. Polit. Sci. 25 68 The resulting ownership would make it easier for the Treasury to spread out the excessive amount of one-year debt over a somewhat longer period of up to five years and this would give it more elbow room for other longer-term funding. 1997 A. T. Peacock Polit. Econ. of Econ. Freedom xvi. 234 Taxpayer/voter ignorance of the full implications of the funding of government debt. 2. a. The action or practice of providing money for a particular cause or purpose. ΚΠ 1912 Washington Post 7 Sept. 1/3 The Clapp Senate committee..has been charged with investigation of the funding of the presidential campaigns. 1936 E. Lindeman Wealth & Culture vii. 51 The funding of large amounts of money for philanthropic purposes throws light upon our economic system. 1976 CRC Jrnl. July 17/3 In addition to plenary discussion, smaller working groups considered education and youth.., funding and the mechanics of starting a group. 2005 E-learning in Tertiary Educ. viii. 209 National governments play a significant role in the strategic direction and funding of higher education in general, and e-learning in particular. b. Money provided, especially by an organization or government, for a particular cause or purpose.lottery, research, state funding, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1930 Frederick (Maryland) Post 1 Apr. 1/2 Commissioners will consider additional funding for emergency services budget categories. 1989 Working Environment for Res. U.S. & Japanese Universities (National Res. Council (U.S.)) ii. 7 American researchers are permitted to pursue their own area of interest as long as they can find funding. 2003 Austral. Financial Rev. (Sydney) 5 Sept. 52/2 The Charities Bill could act as a huge disincentive to charitable trusts and law firms on whom legal centres rely for a substantial portion of their fundings and pro bono work. 2015 Oxf. Times 21 May 4/1 Funding for housing-related support countywide is due to be cut by 38 per cent . Compounds C1. General attributive. a. In sense 1, as funding act, funding system, etc. ΚΠ 1761 Public Ledger 9 May 422/1 The Stocks were seized with a fit of sickness, defined by the funding faculty to be a fall of two per cent. 1790 M. Cutler Let. 21 Mar. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 463 Congress..ought to pay no regard to this matter in their establishment of a funding system. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. v. ii. 532 In the infancy of the funding system it was customary to borrow upon the security of some tax, or portion of a tax, set apart as a fund for discharging the principal and interest of the sum borrowed. 1871 Lowell (Mass.) Daily Citizen & News 11 Jan. The Senate has passed a bill changing the terms of the funding act, by authorizing an increase of the issue of five per cent. bonds from two to five hundred millions. 1892 Daily News 29 June 2/3 The directors protest against the receipt of funding bonds instead of the cash guarantee. 1915 C. A. Beard Econ. Origins Jeffersonian Democracy vi. 179 Of the fourteen Senators who voted in favor of the funding bill.., at least ten..appear upon the Treasury records as holders of public securities at the time of the funding process. 1992 B. Eichengreen Golden Fetters (1995) 79 Additional funding loans followed at six-month intervals but did not obviate the need to issue a rapidly growing stock of treasury bills. b. In sense 2, as funding allocation, funding cut, funding programme, etc.rare before the mid 20th cent. ΚΠ 1932 Bakersfield Californian 29 Apr. 1/4 Fifty civic-minded citizens..completed plans for the combined Boy Scout-Camp Fire Girl funding campaign. 1939 C. J. Glynn et al. Public Opinion xii. 430 The rise of another kind of political organization—political action committees..—has added more confusion to the funding situation. 1953 Jrnl. Risk & Insurance Mar. 63 Great strides have been made in producing real retirement schemes... Different types of funding programs adapted to individual circumstances are now in existence. 1969 N. Y. Times 21 July 27 (heading) Funding cuts faced by state university. 1972 Bay State Banner (Boston) 9 Nov. 7 The Coalition recommended that the program receive a substantial increase in its funding allocation. 1984 Rail Passenger Devel. Plan (Calif. Div. Mass Transportation) 54 [Amtrak's] current funding needs could be quite different from the Department's earlier projections. 1992 Times Educ. Suppl. 31 Jan. 4/2 Currently, the money that goes to opted-out schools is based on the funding arrangements for other local schools. 2000 New Scientist 19 Aug. 55/1 If you want to continue a career in research, funding opportunities are increasing. 2015 Daily Tel. 6 Mar. 24/3 [The music service] raised $30 million in a new funding round from a mix of institutional investors and high net-worth individuals. C2. funding agency n. an agency that provides or manages funding (originally in sense 1, now chiefly in sense 2). ΚΠ 1874 B. Stuvé in A. Davidson & B. Stuvé Compl. Hist. Illinois li. 676 A bill was introduced into the legislature abolishing the funding agency in New York. 1981 R. G. Myers Connecting Worlds 87 Funding agencies and research institutions reconsidered the role of education in development. 2014 Science 3 Oct. 15/2 The institution must notify the funding agency and develop a risk mitigation plan. funding body n. an organization or department that raises or provides funds for a particular cause or purpose. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > other types of association, society, or organization invisible college1647 rota1660 working party1744 free association1761 working committee1821 Ethical Society1822 bar association1824 league1846 congress1870 tiger1874 cult1875 Daughters of the American Revolution1890 community group1892 housing association1898 working party1902 development agency1910 affinity group1915 propaganda machine1916 funding body1922 collective1925 Ku-Klux1930 network1946 NGO1946 production brigade1950 umbrella organization1950 plantation1956 think-tank1958 think group1961 team1990 1922 C. T. Waite in I. H. Harper Hist. Woman Suffrage VI. xix. 265 The Woman Suffrage League of Maryland was formed in February, 1917, and the Baltimore City Committee took the active place of the Equal Suffrage League, which became a funding body to carry out the bequest of Miss Ellicott. 1968 Art Jrnl. Winter 228/2 [The College Art Association] is not a funding body for projects and has no paid working staff. 1981 Amer. Libraries May 275/3 If we are only the end-user.., then we will not succeed in defining our role..in terms that are meaningful to funding bodies and to users and supporters. 2014 Daily Tel. 1 Oct. (Sport section) 13/1 The grass-roots funding body [sc. Sport England]..committed to helping basketball continue entering teams at major championships. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † fundingadj. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fund v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < fund v. + -ing suffix². Obsolete. rare. That has converted the public debt into a funded debt. See fund v. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [adjective] > converting floating into permanent debt funding1823 1823 T. Moore Rhymes on Road 84 [John Bull] unfleeced by funding blockheads. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.1735adj.1823
随便看	drink maudlin drink more than one can carry drink of all nations drink of the cup of sorrow drink off drink off candle-ends drink off candleends drink one's eyes out drink one's eyes out of one's head drink oneself drunk drink oneself into incoherence drink oneself into spirit drink oneself out of a situation drink oneself silly drink oneself sleepy drink oneself stupid drink oneself tame drink oneself to death drink or eat out of doors drink or lick on the whip drink or lick up on the whip drink or play cop-out drink or play copout drink out of or into drink problem

fundingn.

Compounds

† fundingadj.