frostingn.

Brit.

/ˈfrɒstɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈfrɔstɪŋ/,

/ˈfrɑstɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: frost v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < frost v. + -ing suffix¹.With use in sense 3 compare earlier frosted adj. 5 and see discussion at that entry.

†1. Originally Scottish. The action of providing a horse with horseshoes that have been adapted (esp. with frost-nails or calkins) to provide extra traction in frosty conditions; (also) the action of adapting a horseshoe in this way. Cf. frost v. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > studding to prevent slipping

frosting1515

calking1695

roughing1800

1515 Rentale Dunkeldense (Adv. 34.1.1) f. 207^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Frosting Per lie frosting per id tempus xxiij d.

1618 in J. Imrie & J. G. Dunbar Accts. Masters of Wks. (1982) II. 71 For frosting of 3 hors, vj s.

1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion i. 19 I was in a manner foiled, and in no better condition than a poore Horse that is to march upon ice, and wants frosting.

1865 Handy Horse Bk. 77 Roughing and Frosting is simply drawing out the old nails about the toes and replacing them with very large sharp-headed ones, called frost-nails.

†a. The action of invigorating oneself by exposure to cold air. Cf. frostbiting n. 2. Obsolete. rare. In quot. 1622 echoing quot. 1617.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > [noun] > specific

frosting1617

frostbiting1711

tingle1908

1617 Bp. J. Hall Quo Vadis? (new ed.) iii. 6 Fond mothers vse to send forth their daughters on frosting, earely in cold mornings...and whilst they strive for a Colour lose their Health.

1622 J. Yates Modell of Divinitie xxv. 261 Dainty mothers send their daughters a frosting betimes in a cold morning, who seeking beautie, indanger health.

b. The process or fact of being exposed to, damaged by, or injured by freezing temperatures. (Chiefly with reference to plants.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [noun] > exposure to frost

frosting1647

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (Heb. xii. 10) Aloes kils worms, and stained clothes are whitened by frosting.

?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 51 Mould that was digged up in the winter, and laid a frosting.

1828 Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. Oct. 142 In accounting for the frosting of crops, more stress than appears due has been laid upon the wetness of the ground.

1874 H. Hartshorne Essent. Princ. & Pract. Med. (ed. 4) ii. 463 When the feet or other parts have been so chilled as to be almost frozen, gradual warming..is proper, as a preventive of frosting.

1917 Farmers' Bull. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) No. 800. 19 This earliness [of sowing]..very frequently results in the loss of part or all of the grain yield because of the frosting of the heads.

2010 Mirror (Nexis) 20 Nov. 45 Choose a mild day so you can put any remaining plants in the garden for a few hours without risk of frosting or wind chill.

a. A mixture of sugar (or other sweetener) with water, egg white, butter, or margarine, often coloured or flavoured, used for covering or decorating cakes, biscuits, or pastries; (also) a similar synthetic preparation used for this purpose; = icing n. 1a. Now chiefly North American.chocolate frosting, penuche frosting, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > [noun] > icing or sugar coating

icing1683

frosting1750

piping1846

fondant1861

water icing1881

buttercream1908

sugar-coating1908

rolled fondant1962

1750 M. Clancy Sharper v. i. 70 These little red Moles in your Face are kind Ornaments of Nature... They are like frosting upon Sweetmeats.

1767 ‘Ceres’ Lady's Compan. 65 When your cake comes out of the oven,..lay your frosting on smooth with a knife on top and sides.

1830 Bower of Taste 9 Jan. 8 The first thing I did was to throw Maria's wedding cake into the fire—frosting and all.

1886 H. D. Brown Two College Girls 224 Good rich frosting, too, and plenty of raisins in the cake.

1913 Stevens Point (Wisconsin) Daily Jrnl. 12 Nov. It is the double boiling that gives the frosting the enviable fudgy, marshmallowy consistency.

1989 V. Tanzer Seagulls hate Parsnips (rev. ed.) ii. xxii. 140 We scraped off the frosting and put the cakes back in the oven for another half hour.

2004 Good Housek. (U.K. ed.) Oct. 36/3 A sweet creamy chocolate mixture used especially as a filling or frosting.

b. North American. the frosting on the cake: an additional benefit to something that is already good; = the icing on the cake at icing n. Phrases.

ΚΠ

1905 Cold Storage & Ice Trade Jrnl. Apr. 45/2 You can make the fair sex perfectly happy by mixing a bowl full of it [sc. ice] with pink syrup and a lemon. It's the frosting on the cake of commerce.

1916 McClure's Mag. Dec. 26/2 It is foolishness that makes the world go round... Foolishness is the frosting on the cake,..the soupçon of rouge on the pale cheek of every-day life, that makes the same old life worth living.

1990 Amer. Rifleman Feb. 88/2 To..put the proverbial ‘frosting on the cake’, I finally got my first deer with a muzzleloader on the day after Christmas.

2000 Locus Aug. 29/3 The frosting on the cake here is the author's ability to invest the characters with a real familiarity.

4. A covering of frost, or something resembling this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > sweetener > [noun] > sugar > icing sugar

ice?1600

frosting1756

icing sugar1852

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters iii. 64 The [brick] vault became..incrusted over with a kind of white stalactite; a kind of stoney concrete, arising from an absorbent earth and a mineral acid, like a sort of frosting.

1798 Scots Mag. Aug. 52/1 There is a very singular vein of marble..rather resembling the frosting upon a window.

1840 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Mar. 142 The towering cliffs around were covered with a frosting of ice.

1917 A. Castle & E. Castle Wolf-lure xxii. 384 A delicate frosting of powder in his hair.

1953 A. Marriott Hell on Horses & Women x. 121 There was a little white frosting on the crest of each rut in the road.

2013 P. Brackston Winter Witch 336 A frosting on the grass beneath our feet.

a. Originally U.S. A substance applied to a material (esp. glass) to give it a textured, tinted, or translucent surface. See frosted adj. 3.Originally a colouring material containing finely pulverized glass (cf. smalt n. 1a); now usually a paint or spray creating a translucent effect.

ΚΠ

1826 Aurora & Franklin (Philadelphia) Gaz. 15 Nov. 1/4 1 bottle frosting, New England Glass Company...This glass was blown very thin, and when crumbled forms an excellent substitute for smalts.

1831 J. Anderson Let. 8 Oct. in Public Documents U.S. Senate (22nd Congress, 1st Sess.) (1832) II. 169 Mr. Nicholas Lenneg..has enclosed to me a sample of an article called ‘frosting’... [It is] of a glassy brownish color, and composed..‘of a mixture of oxyde of iron, chromes, arsenic, cobalt, verdegris and glass’, and is used by sign-painters, for what is called ‘frosting’.

1866 Photogr. News 26 Oct. 516/1 Blue frosting for sky-lights...We send you herewith a recipe for making a blue frosting, which..softens the light...The two articles of which the frosting is composed..are—Linseed oil (boiled), ultramarine blue (dry).

1894 Times 16 Aug. 6/2 All other paints, colours, and pigments,..including..lakes, crayons, smalts, and frostings, [etc.].

1950 Rotarian Apr. 37/1 Now a new prepared frosting for windows is available which acts as a paint and gives art effects similar to commercial ground glass.

1998 S. Crabtree & P. Beudert Scenic Art for Theatre 221/1 Commercial glass frosting also may be purchased at paint suppliers.

b. A frosted surface on metal or (now chiefly) glass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > [noun] > roughness > rough surface

grain1390

tooth1811

frosting1864

rasp1869

1864 Gentleman's Mag. July 14 The Etruscans had the art of producing what we call frosting, by soldering most minute grains of gold, like dust, on to a gold surface.

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 108 Frosting, the grey surface produced on steel work for watches, &c. (2.) The granular or ‘matted’ surface given to brass pieces prior to gilding.

1916 Automobile Jrnl. 19 Feb. 14/1 Anti-Dazzle is a quick drying liquid for producing frosting on the glass.

1998 Indianapolis Monthly Feb. 122/3 Occasionally, area designers rely on a custom etching or tasteful frosting on the glass to accomplish the same effect.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	frosting
释义	frostingn. Brit. /ˈfrɒstɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈfrɔstɪŋ/, /ˈfrɑstɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: frost v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < frost v. + -ing suffix¹.With use in sense 3 compare earlier frosted adj. 5 and see discussion at that entry. †1. Originally Scottish. The action of providing a horse with horseshoes that have been adapted (esp. with frost-nails or calkins) to provide extra traction in frosty conditions; (also) the action of adapting a horseshoe in this way. Cf. frost v. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > studding to prevent slipping frosting1515 calking1695 roughing1800 1515 Rentale Dunkeldense (Adv. 34.1.1) f. 207^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Frosting Per lie frosting per id tempus xxiij d. 1618 in J. Imrie & J. G. Dunbar Accts. Masters of Wks. (1982) II. 71 For frosting of 3 hors, vj s. 1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion i. 19 I was in a manner foiled, and in no better condition than a poore Horse that is to march upon ice, and wants frosting. 1865 Handy Horse Bk. 77 Roughing and Frosting is simply drawing out the old nails about the toes and replacing them with very large sharp-headed ones, called frost-nails. 2. †a. The action of invigorating oneself by exposure to cold air. Cf. frostbiting n. 2. Obsolete. rare. In quot. 1622 echoing quot. 1617. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > [noun] > specific frosting1617 frostbiting1711 tingle1908 1617 Bp. J. Hall Quo Vadis? (new ed.) iii. 6 Fond mothers vse to send forth their daughters on frosting, earely in cold mornings...and whilst they strive for a Colour lose their Health. 1622 J. Yates Modell of Divinitie xxv. 261 Dainty mothers send their daughters a frosting betimes in a cold morning, who seeking beautie, indanger health. b. The process or fact of being exposed to, damaged by, or injured by freezing temperatures. (Chiefly with reference to plants.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [noun] > exposure to frost frosting1647 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (Heb. xii. 10) Aloes kils worms, and stained clothes are whitened by frosting. ?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 51 Mould that was digged up in the winter, and laid a frosting. 1828 Edinb. New Philos. Jrnl. Oct. 142 In accounting for the frosting of crops, more stress than appears due has been laid upon the wetness of the ground. 1874 H. Hartshorne Essent. Princ. & Pract. Med. (ed. 4) ii. 463 When the feet or other parts have been so chilled as to be almost frozen, gradual warming..is proper, as a preventive of frosting. 1917 Farmers' Bull. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) No. 800. 19 This earliness [of sowing]..very frequently results in the loss of part or all of the grain yield because of the frosting of the heads. 2010 Mirror (Nexis) 20 Nov. 45 Choose a mild day so you can put any remaining plants in the garden for a few hours without risk of frosting or wind chill. 3. a. A mixture of sugar (or other sweetener) with water, egg white, butter, or margarine, often coloured or flavoured, used for covering or decorating cakes, biscuits, or pastries; (also) a similar synthetic preparation used for this purpose; = icing n. 1a. Now chiefly North American.chocolate frosting, penuche frosting, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > [noun] > icing or sugar coating icing1683 frosting1750 piping1846 fondant1861 water icing1881 buttercream1908 sugar-coating1908 rolled fondant1962 1750 M. Clancy Sharper v. i. 70 These little red Moles in your Face are kind Ornaments of Nature... They are like frosting upon Sweetmeats. 1767 ‘Ceres’ Lady's Compan. 65 When your cake comes out of the oven,..lay your frosting on smooth with a knife on top and sides. 1830 Bower of Taste 9 Jan. 8 The first thing I did was to throw Maria's wedding cake into the fire—frosting and all. 1886 H. D. Brown Two College Girls 224 Good rich frosting, too, and plenty of raisins in the cake. 1913 Stevens Point (Wisconsin) Daily Jrnl. 12 Nov. It is the double boiling that gives the frosting the enviable fudgy, marshmallowy consistency. 1989 V. Tanzer Seagulls hate Parsnips (rev. ed.) ii. xxii. 140 We scraped off the frosting and put the cakes back in the oven for another half hour. 2004 Good Housek. (U.K. ed.) Oct. 36/3 A sweet creamy chocolate mixture used especially as a filling or frosting. b. North American. the frosting on the cake: an additional benefit to something that is already good; = the icing on the cake at icing n. Phrases. ΚΠ 1905 Cold Storage & Ice Trade Jrnl. Apr. 45/2 You can make the fair sex perfectly happy by mixing a bowl full of it [sc. ice] with pink syrup and a lemon. It's the frosting on the cake of commerce. 1916 McClure's Mag. Dec. 26/2 It is foolishness that makes the world go round... Foolishness is the frosting on the cake,..the soupçon of rouge on the pale cheek of every-day life, that makes the same old life worth living. 1990 Amer. Rifleman Feb. 88/2 To..put the proverbial ‘frosting on the cake’, I finally got my first deer with a muzzleloader on the day after Christmas. 2000 Locus Aug. 29/3 The frosting on the cake here is the author's ability to invest the characters with a real familiarity. 4. A covering of frost, or something resembling this. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > sweetener > [noun] > sugar > icing sugar ice?1600 frosting1756 icing sugar1852 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters iii. 64 The [brick] vault became..incrusted over with a kind of white stalactite; a kind of stoney concrete, arising from an absorbent earth and a mineral acid, like a sort of frosting. 1798 Scots Mag. Aug. 52/1 There is a very singular vein of marble..rather resembling the frosting upon a window. 1840 Amer. Turf Reg. & Sporting Mag. Mar. 142 The towering cliffs around were covered with a frosting of ice. 1917 A. Castle & E. Castle Wolf-lure xxii. 384 A delicate frosting of powder in his hair. 1953 A. Marriott Hell on Horses & Women x. 121 There was a little white frosting on the crest of each rut in the road. 2013 P. Brackston Winter Witch 336 A frosting on the grass beneath our feet. 5. a. Originally U.S. A substance applied to a material (esp. glass) to give it a textured, tinted, or translucent surface. See frosted adj. 3.Originally a colouring material containing finely pulverized glass (cf. smalt n. 1a); now usually a paint or spray creating a translucent effect. ΚΠ 1826 Aurora & Franklin (Philadelphia) Gaz. 15 Nov. 1/4 1 bottle frosting, New England Glass Company...This glass was blown very thin, and when crumbled forms an excellent substitute for smalts. 1831 J. Anderson Let. 8 Oct. in Public Documents U.S. Senate (22nd Congress, 1st Sess.) (1832) II. 169 Mr. Nicholas Lenneg..has enclosed to me a sample of an article called ‘frosting’... [It is] of a glassy brownish color, and composed..‘of a mixture of oxyde of iron, chromes, arsenic, cobalt, verdegris and glass’, and is used by sign-painters, for what is called ‘frosting’. 1866 Photogr. News 26 Oct. 516/1 Blue frosting for sky-lights...We send you herewith a recipe for making a blue frosting, which..softens the light...The two articles of which the frosting is composed..are—Linseed oil (boiled), ultramarine blue (dry). 1894 Times 16 Aug. 6/2 All other paints, colours, and pigments,..including..lakes, crayons, smalts, and frostings, [etc.]. 1950 Rotarian Apr. 37/1 Now a new prepared frosting for windows is available which acts as a paint and gives art effects similar to commercial ground glass. 1998 S. Crabtree & P. Beudert Scenic Art for Theatre 221/1 Commercial glass frosting also may be purchased at paint suppliers. b. A frosted surface on metal or (now chiefly) glass. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > [noun] > roughness > rough surface grain1390 tooth1811 frosting1864 rasp1869 1864 Gentleman's Mag. July 14 The Etruscans had the art of producing what we call frosting, by soldering most minute grains of gold, like dust, on to a gold surface. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 108 Frosting, the grey surface produced on steel work for watches, &c. (2.) The granular or ‘matted’ surface given to brass pieces prior to gilding. 1916 Automobile Jrnl. 19 Feb. 14/1 Anti-Dazzle is a quick drying liquid for producing frosting on the glass. 1998 Indianapolis Monthly Feb. 122/3 Occasionally, area designers rely on a custom etching or tasteful frosting on the glass to accomplish the same effect. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1515
随便看	stout-minded stout-sided stout-soled stout-stomached stout-winged stout-worded stoutarmed stoutbodied stoutbuilt stoutdefended stouten stoutened stoutening stoutens stouter stoutess stoutest stoutformed stoutfully stouth stouth and routh stoutheart stouthearted stoutheartedly stoutheartedness