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单词 fuliginous
释义

fuliginousadj.

Brit. /fjuːˈlɪdʒᵻnəs/, U.S. /fjuˈlɪdʒənəs/
Forms:

α. 1500s– fuliginous, 1600s fuligenous, 1600s fuliginus.

β. 1600s fulgineous, 1600s fuligineous.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin fuliginosus ; Latin fūlīgineus , -ous suffix.
Etymology: Partly (in α. forms) < post-classical Latin fuliginosus covered with soot, also in figurative use (5th cent.) < classical Latin fūlīgin- , fūlīgō fuligo n. + -ōsus -ous suffix, and partly (in β. forms) < classical Latin fūlīgineus of or like soot, sooty ( < fūlīgin- , fūlīgō fuligo n. + -eus : see -eous suffix) + -ous suffix. Compare Middle French, French fuligineux (1549), Italian fuligginoso (15th cent.).
1. Medicine. Designating a (supposed) noxious, sooty vapour believed to be formed within the body by combustion, esp. of the humour melancholy, and to be excreted in the breath or through the pores. Now historical.In quot. 1583 figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [adjective] > vapours
fuliginous1574
1574 T. Newton tr. G. Gratarolo Direct. Health Magistrates & Studentes 53 Those apples..repel and drive away all fuliginous moyste vapours [L. vapores..fuliginosos] which trouble the harte and strike up into the head.
1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. M.ivv Belching out their fuliginous fomentations against him.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. v. i. iv. 469 Tis not amisse to bore the scull with an instrument to let out the fuliginous vapours.
1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 57 The grosser Steams that continually perspire out of our own Bodies..are the fuliginous Eructations of that internal fire, that constantly burns within us.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Bath It will be attended with these two Advantages, viz. the Dissipation of the fuliginous Excrements, and drawing out the superfluous Humours.
1844 F. Adams in tr. Paulus Ægineta Seven Bks. I. i. 94 Galen..determines the purposes of respiration to be twofold: first, to preserve the animal heat; and second, to evacuate the fuliginous portion of the blood.
1975 Jrnl. Hist. Biol. 8 324 (note) Fleming likewise cleared up a widely circulated erroneous notion that Galen wanted the fuliginous vapors to move from the heart to the lungs by way of the pulmonary arteries.
2007 C. Tilmouth Passion's Triumph over Reason (2010) iv. 139 Burton (following Galen) makes the passage of precisely such fuliginous vapours from corrupted organs within the body, upwards, into the imagination, essential to the pathology of that condition [sc. melancholia].
2.
a. Covered or blackened with soot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > making or becoming black > [adjective] > blackened > with soot
sootied?1615
fuliginose1727
fuliginous1843
1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas vi. 82 An other Psalme speaketh, in a filthy, fuliginous corner.
1613 D. Price Sorrow for Sinnes of Time 7 in Spirituall Odours Their darke, & loathsome, fulsome, fuliginous dwellings.
1767 A. Campbell Lexiphanes 29 An Hibernian of signal erudition..sate tranquilly puffing the fumigations of the Calumet in an angle of the fuliginous hexagonal apartment.
1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present iii. xv. 314 To that dingy fuliginous Operative, emerging from his soot-mill.
1865 Dublin Univ. Mag. 66 32/2 A fuliginous suburb of factories.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 Oct. 1/1 All the world is peering down the fuliginous chimney.
1903 St. J. Lucas Absurd Repentance v. 62 My assistant would appear at the top of one of the stacks with a brush and a fuliginous face.
1988 M. Brodsky X in Paris 99 Two red lights atop a fuliginous flue somewhere in the distance.
2013 El Paso (Texas) Times (Nexis) 14 Mar. Her skin is as dirty and sooty as the fuliginous landscape.
b. Of, containing, or resembling soot; sooty.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > dirtiness or soiling with specific kinds of dirt > [adjective] > dirty or soiled with soot or coal-dust
sootya1250
culmya1300
bletchy1520
sootish1582
coaly1589
collowed1606
fuliginous1606
colly1619
coomy1823
sooted1892
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [adjective] > relating to or of the nature of soot
fuliginous1606
sooty1659
1606 S. Gardiner Doomes-day Bk. xiii. 97 The nosthrils shall be filled with sulphurous fumes, and fuliginous filthie odours.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. ii. v. 108 It offends commonly if it be to..fuligenous, cloudy, blustering, or a tempestuous Aire.
1684 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 363 London..was so filld with the fuliginous steame of the Sea-Coale, that hardly could one see crosse the streete.
1731 S. Hales Statical Ess. I. 260 In great cities where the air is full of fuliginous vapours.
1780 Tunbridge Wells Guide 48 The dense fuliginous air of London.
1823 C. Lamb Praise of Chimney-sweepers in Elia 252 The fuliginous concretions, which are sometimes found (in dissections) to adhere to the roof of the mouth in these unfledged practitioners.
1858 T. De Quincey Pagan Oracles (rev. ed.) in Select. Grave & Gay VIII. 222 A huge octagon lamp, that apparently never had been cleaned from smoke and fuliginous tarnish.
1907 Lancet 23 Mar. 823/2 The numerous tall chimneys belched forth dense masses, rather than clouds, of black fuliginous smoke.
1954 E. Huxley Four Guineas 105 The harmattan, a steady north-east wind from the Sahara, spreads over everything a soft fuliginous mist.
2008 E. Morse Monaco xlviii. 284 Shouts and a fuliginous fog came billowing out from within the room.
c. figurative. Murky, dark; obscure; dull. Also: melancholy, mournful.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective]
melancholiousa1393
melancholica1398
darkc1440
adustc1460
melancholyc1475
as melancholy as a cat1592
allichollya1616
fuliginous1646
atrabilious1651
atrabilary1676
atrabilarian1678
hipped1712
splenetic1759
atrabiliarious1761
melancholish1775
atrabiliar1833
atrabiliary1839
atrabilarious1882
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > [adjective] > obscure, vague
cloudyc1400
indeterminatec1400
diffuse1430
diffused?1456
obscure?a1475
infinite1520
ambiguous1529
indistincta1530
nubilous1533
dark1557
undetermined1588
undefinite1589
undeterminate1603
indetermined1611
undefined1611
suspense1624
umbrageous1635
clouded1641
undeterminated1641
fuliginous1646
implicit1660
vague1690
diffusive1709
nubilose1730
foggy1737
unliquidated1780
hazy1781
indecisive1815
nebulous1817
penumbral1819
aoristic1846
scumbled1868
nubiform1873
out-of-focus1891
fuzzy1937
soft focus1938
1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 173 The maine of other Religions never gained by Christianity, since she carried before her the light of the World; they, fuliginous Torches of error: since her God came like a Shepheard, theirs like Roarers.
1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 219 Prayer compar'd with prayse, is but a fuliginous smoak issuing from the sense of sin.
1703 W. Ayloffe Pocket Compan. for Gentlemen & Ladies Introd. sig. A4v They have dispers'd those fuliginous Clouds of unhappy Darkness.
1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. xix. 82 His head like a smoke-jack;—the funnel unswept, and the ideas whirling round and round about in it, all obfuscated and darkened over with fuliginous matter!
1845 T. Carlyle in O. Cromwell Lett. & Speeches II. 234 Vomiting forth from their own inner-man..a very flamy fuliginous set of doctrines.
1860 A. Trollope Castle Richmond II. 80 The debate went on..with many sparks..of eager benevolence, and some few passing clouds of fuliginous self-interest.
1938 F. M. Ford March of Lit. ii. iv. 724 The fuliginous heroes of Byron and Schlegel..would each have found a hundred gloom-enshrouded reasons for the proceeding.
1957 A. Guérard in tr. J. Michelet Joan of Arc Introd. p. vii Peguy reveals his tormented fuliginous soul, his strange, heavily shod, slogging mysticism.
2003 Guardian 18 Jan. i. 23/2 A world that is garishly strange without lapsing into the cliches of fuliginous futurism.
3. Of a colour resembling that of soot; dusky.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [adjective] > typically black > as soot
sooty1593
fuliginated1634
fuliginous1657
fuliginose1727
1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Dispensatory iii. xxxii. 468 Some are called slave Scorpions, some yellow,..some white, and others fuliginous [L. alii fulginis colore].
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 290/1 The upper part of the Body is brown, or Fulgineous (sic).
a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) 90 Those fuliginous Delineations of Shrubs, call'd commonly by Writers Dendritæ.
1788 Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 1 249 There is first a lining of colourless siliceous crystals, then another lining of amethystine crystals, and sometimes within that, fuliginous crystals.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 389 A morbid deep-coloured bile, fulvous, greenish, or fuliginous.
1869 Atlantic Monthly Jan. 118/2 An older and much bigger boy, or youth, with a fuliginous complexion.
1874 E. Coues Birds Northwest 642 Entire plumage deep sooty or fuliginous blackish.
1937 Mycologia 29 216 The older hyphae from which the conidiophores developed were fuliginous.
2002 Florida Entomologist 85 353/2 Hindwings pale fuliginous, veins brown.

Derivatives

fuˈliginously adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [adverb] > as soot
fuliginously1758
1758 W. Shenstone in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems Several Hands V. 11 To rear some breathless vapid flow'rs Or shrubs fuliginously grim.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. iii. 113 Military France is every where full of sour inflammatory humour, which exhales itself fuliginously, this way or that.
1985 Black Enterprise Mar. 12/1 Emotional pleas only fuliginously related to the issues at hand.
fuˈliginousness n. now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun]
thesternessc888
thesterc897
murkOE
theosterleykc1000
darkc1300
darkheadc1300
murknessa1325
therknessa1325
darknessc1350
tenebres1413
tenebrousa1450
obscurity1481
tenebrosity1490
obscureness1509
dern?a1513
sable?a1513
darksomeness1571
fuliginousness1576
darkishness1583
murksomeness1625
obscure1667
soot1789
tenebrity1789
nightness1839
raylessness1843
lightlessness1845
darkling1882
unlight1883
the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [noun] > typical blackness > as soot
fuliginousness1576
fuliginosity1662
ramoneur1793
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > soot > quality
fuliginousness1576
sootiness1611
1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions ii. vi. f. 139v When this synke of Melancholie is once exhausted & al fuliginousnes banished [L. discussaque fuligine].
1652 J. French York-shire Spaw ii. 27 According to the fuliginousness of vapours more or less recoiling, the fire is more or less choaked.
1873 Belgravia Oct. 31 The distant fuliginousness of soap-boiling and bone-calcining Vauxhall.
1975 Grantsmanship Center 9/2 It will attempt to bring some clarity to a field that is often characterized by obfuscation and fuliginousness.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1574
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