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单词 fruitcake
释义

fruitcaken.

Brit. /ˈfruːtkeɪk/, U.S. /ˈfrutˌkeɪk/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fruit n., cake n.
Etymology: < fruit n. + cake n.For the semantic motivation of sense 2 see quot. 1885. In sense 3 punningly after nutty adj. 3b. With sense 4 compare earlier fruit n. 8b.
1. A cake containing (usually dried or preserved) fruit. Also as mass noun: cake of this kind. Also occasionally in extended use (see quot. 1848).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes
honey appleeOE
barley-cake1393
seed cakea1400
cake?a1425
pudding-cake?1553
manchet1562
biscuit cake1593
placent1598
poplin1600
jumbal1615
bread pudding1623
semel1643
wine-cakea1661
Shrewsbury cake1670
curd cake1675
fruitcake1687
clap-bread1691
simnel cake1699
orange-flower cake1718
banana cake1726
sweet-cake1726
torte1748
Naples cake1766
Bath cake1769
gofer1769
yeast-cake1795
nutcake1801
tipsy-cake1806
cruller1808
baba1813
lady's finger1818
coconut cake1824
mint cake1825
sices1825
cup-cake1828
batter-cake1830
buckwheat1830
Dundee seed cake1833
fat-cake1839
babka1846
wonder1848
popover1850
cream-cake1855
sly-cake1855
dripping-cake1857
lard-cake1858
puffet1860
quick cake1865
barnbrack1867
matrimony cake1871
brioche1873
Nelson cake1877
cocoa cake1883
sesame cake1883
marinade1888
mystery1889
oblietjie1890
stuffed monkey1892
Greek bread1893
Battenberg1903
Oswego cake1907
nusstorte1911
dump cake1912
Dobos Torte1915
lekach1918
buckle1935
Florentine1936
hash cake1967
space cake1984
1687 J. Shirley Accomplished Ladies Rich Closet of Rarities vi. 38 (heading) Instructions for a gentlewoman in making of marmalade, paste of fruit,..fruit-cakes, honey, [etc.].
1780 S. Kellet et al. Compl. Coll. Cookery Receipts 93 You must make your paste up very soft, with warm milk, a little good yeast, some eggs, if you please, and beat them up with your hand, as you do a fruit cake.
1828 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 21 Jan. (advt.) C. Buckley, confectioner..can supply parties with pound cake, fruit cake, and all other cakes in his line, at 37½ cents per pound.
1848 E. Bryant What I saw in Calif. xi. 162 This composition [of crushed service-berries and pulverized grasshoppers] being dried in the sun until it becomes hard, is what may be called the ‘fruit-cake’ of these poor children of the desert.
1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 11/3 From the kitchen there came a fragrant odor of fruit cake baking all one day and I knew that this would be cut and put in little boxes for the guests.
1981 Cook's Mag. Nov. 68/2 The fruit in fruitcakes is not always candied—it can be the dried variety, too.
2014 O. Frawley Flight iv. 113 She ate the offered slabs of speckled fruitcake, dense brack, yellow madeira, and cherry cake.
2. Biology (colloquial). In certain plasmodial slime moulds: a flattened, rounded fruiting body formed by a cluster of sporangia. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of > reproductive parts
capsule1693
perithecium1800
aecidium1821
hymenium1830
pseudoperidium1832
pseudoperithecium1832
disc1842
trichidium1842
spicule1843
sporophore1849
stylospore1851
pycnide1856
cyst1857
pycnidium1857
basidium1858
cystidium1858
basidiospore1859
conidium1861
pollinarium1861
gonosphere1865
hymenophorum1866
spicula1866
teleutospore1866
promycelium1867
gonosphaerium1873
hymenophore1874
paracyst1874
sterigma1874
pollinodium1875
scolecite1875
uredospore1875
metuloid1879
operculum1879
uredo1879
aecidiospore1880
pycnidiospore1880
uredo-fruit1882
chlamydospore1884
teleutosorus1884
fruitcake1885
ascocarp1887
periplasm1887
pycnospore1887
pyrenocarp1887
macrostylospore1894
autobasidium1895
oidium1895
zygophore1904
aeciospore1905
aecium1905
pycniospore1905
teliospore1905
telium1905
uredinium1905
uredosorus1905
fruit-body1912
sporodochium1913
probasidium1916
fruiting body1918
pycnium1926
holobasidium1928
protoperithecium1937
uredium1937
1885 E. R. Lankester in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 841/2 The cysts may be united side by side in larger or smaller groups... These composite bodies are termed ‘fruit-cakes’ or ‘æthalia’, in view of the fact that the spore-cysts of Fuligo, also called Æthalium—the well-known ‘flowers of tan’—form a cake of this description.
1898 A. Sedgwick Student's Text-bk. Zool. I. i. 16 The spores are..contained within fruit-like cysts—the Sporangia—(Endosporeæ), which are either simple (spore fruits)..or combined into an æthalium (fruit-cake) of a cushion-like shape consisting of numerous convoluted sporangia.
3. colloquial (originally U.S.).
a. In similative expressions intended to suggest extreme eccentricity or insanity; esp. in nutty as a fruitcake and variants (originally punning on the alternative meaning of nutty).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with
woodc725
woodsekc890
giddyc1000
out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000
witlessc1000
brainsickOE
amadc1225
lunaticc1290
madc1330
sickc1340
brain-wooda1375
out of one's minda1387
frenetica1398
fonda1400
formada1400
unwisea1400
brainc1400
unwholec1400
alienate?a1425
brainless1434
distract of one's wits1470
madfula1475
furious1475
distract1481
fro oneself1483
beside oneself1490
beside one's patience1490
dementa1500
red-wood?1507
extraught1509
misminded1509
peevish1523
bedlam-ripe1525
straughta1529
fanatic1533
bedlama1535
daft1540
unsounda1547
stark raving (also staring) mad1548
distraughted1572
insane1575
acrazeda1577
past oneself1576
frenzy1577
poll-mad1577
out of one's senses1580
maddeda1586
frenetical1588
distempered1593
distraught1597
crazed1599
diswitted1599
idle-headed1599
lymphatical1603
extract1608
madling1608
distracteda1616
informala1616
far gone1616
crazy1617
March mada1625
non compos mentis1628
brain-crazed1632
demented1632
crack-brained1634
arreptitiousa1641
dementate1640
dementated1650
brain-crackeda1652
insaniated1652
exsensed1654
bedlam-witteda1657
lymphatic1656
mad-like1679
dementative1685
non compos1699
beside one's gravity1716
hyte1720
lymphated1727
out of one's head1733
maddened1735
swivel-eyed1758
wrong1765
brainsickly1770
fatuous1773
derangedc1790
alienated1793
shake-brained1793
crack-headed1796
flighty1802
wowf1802
doitrified1808
phrenesiac1814
bedlamite1815
mad-braineda1822
fey1823
bedlamitish1824
skire1825
beside one's wits1827
as mad as a hatter1829
crazied1842
off one's head1842
bemadded1850
loco1852
off one's nut1858
off his chump1864
unsane1867
meshuga1868
non-sane1868
loony1872
bee-headed1879
off one's onion1881
off one's base1882
(to go) off one's dot1883
locoed1885
screwy1887
off one's rocker1890
balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891
meshuggener1892
nutty1892
buggy1893
bughouse1894
off one's pannikin1894
ratty1895
off one's trolley1896
batchy1898
twisted1900
batsc1901
batty1903
dippy1903
bugs1904
dingy1904
up the (also a) pole1904
nut1906
nuts1908
nutty as a fruitcake1911
bugged1920
potty1920
cuckoo1923
nutsy1923
puggled1923
blah1924
détraqué1925
doolally1925
off one's rocket1925
puggle1925
mental1927
phooey1927
crackers1928
squirrelly1928
over the edge1929
round the bend1929
lakes1934
ding-a-ling1935
wacky1935
screwball1936
dingbats1937
Asiatic1938
parlatic1941
troppo1941
up the creek1941
screwed-up1943
bonkers1945
psychological1952
out to lunch1955
starkers1956
off (one's) squiff1960
round the twist1960
yampy1963
out of (also off) one's bird1966
out of one's skull1967
whacked out1969
batshit1971
woo-woo1971
nutso1973
out of (one's) gourd1977
wacko1977
off one's meds1986
1911 Chicago Sunday Examiner 5 Mar. v. 5/2 ‘Isn't Ethel a sweet girl, as sweet as a piece of cake?’ ‘Why, I think that she is as nutty as fruit cake.’
1933 Chillicothe (Missouri) Constit.-Tribune 6 Sept. 6/7 (advt.) Starts Sunday ‘Three Cornered Moon’ Nuttier than a fruitcake!
1960 Palm Beach (Florida) Post-Times 3 July 4/2 It seems obvious on a study of the record that if your crimes are shocking enough, the State of Florida will find a way to execute you—even if you are as nutty as a loon or as crazy as a fruitcake.
2008 Times 28 Aug. (Times2 section) 10/2 Jem was..an intriguing and calming influence, because when I moved to London I was nutty as a fruitcake.
b. A mad, crazy, or eccentric person. to go fruitcake: to go crazy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person
woodman1297
madmanc1330
lunatic1377
franticc1380
madwomana1438
March harec1500
Bedlam beggar1525
fanaticc1525
bedlama1529
frenetic1528
Jack o' Bedlam1528
Tom o' Bedlam1569
crack-brain1570
madbrain1570
Tom1575
madcap1589
gelt1596
madhead1600
brainsick1605
madpash1611
non compos1628
madling1638
bedlam-man1658
bedlamerc1675
fan1682
bedlamite1691
cracka1701
lymphatic1708
shatter-brain1719
mad1729
maniaca1763
non compos mentis1765
shatter-pate1775
shatter-wit1775
insane1786
craze1831
dement1857
crazy1867
crackpot1883
loony1884
bug1885
psychopath1885
dingbat1887
psychopathic1890
ding-a-ling1899
meshuggener1900
détraqué1902
maddiea1903
nut1908
mental1913
ding1929
lakes1934
wack1938
fruitcake1942
nutty1942
barm-pot1951
nutcake1953
nutter1958
nutcase1959
nut job1959
meshuga1962
nutsy1964
headcase1965
nutball1968
headbanger1973
nutso1975
wacko1977
nut bar1978
mentalist1990
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > slight madness > crankiness or eccentricity > person
fantastical1589
fantastic1598
earwig brain1599
extravagant1627
fanatic1644
energumen1660
original1675
toy-pate1702
gig1777
quiz1780
quoz?1780
rum touch1800
crotcheteer1815
pistol1828
eccentric1832
case1833
originalist1835
cure1856
crotchet-monger1874
curiosity1874
crank1881
crackpot1883
faddist1883
schwärmer1884
hard case1892
finger1899
mad hatter1905
nut1908
numéro1924
screwball1933
wack1938
fruitcake1942
odd bod1942
oddball1943
ghoster1953
raver1959
kook1960
flake1968
woo-woo1972
zonky1972
wacko1977
headbanger1981
1942 San Francisco Examiner 12 June 18/6 Two residents of Brooklyn dropped in after last Tuesday night's game to see Frank O'Doul. ‘Wasn't dat a super-dooper of a wrangle,’ said one. Said the other, ‘If you had lost day fray, Frank, I guess you would have gone fruit cake.’
1946 Amer. Speech 21 238/2 Fruitcake, an insane soldier; one who is bomb-happy.
1967 Flying May 8/3 It's nice to see that you've thoughtfully considered us kooks who go fruitcake over World War I aircraft by allowing the vaunted Fokker D.VII a reasonable amount of space.
1977 Rolling Stone 19 May 69/3 There is some fear that he has made ‘talking to the president a viable goal for every fruitcake in the country’.
2006 J. Walters Maggie's Tree 18 So a total fucking fruitcake roving round New York wanting to take a knife to the Holy Ghost when she sees Him didn't seem to present any particular problem down at the precinct then?
4. colloquial (derogatory). A homosexual man, esp. one considered to be effeminate. Cf. fruit n. 8b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual orientation > homosexuality > [noun] > a homosexual person > male
badlingeOE
nan1670
molly1708
Miss Molly1754
Miss Nancy1824
molly mop1829
poof1833
Margery?c1855
Mary Ann1868
pretty-boy1881
cocksucker1885
poofter1889
queer1894
fruit1895
fairy1896
homosexualist1898
puff1902
pussy1904
nance1910
quean1910
girl1912
faggot1913
mouser1914
queen1919
fag1921
gay boy1921
maricon1921
pie-face1922
bitch1923
Jessie1923
tapette1923
pansy1926
nancy boy1927
nelly1931
femme1932
ponce1932
punk1933
queerie1933
gobbler1934
jocker1935
queenie1935
iron1936
freak1941
swish1941
flit1942
tonk1943
wonk1945
mother1947
fruitcake1952
Mary1953
twink1953
swishy1959
limp wrist1960
arse bandit1961
leather man1961
booty bandit1962
ginger beer1964
bummer1965
poofteroo1966
shirtlifter1966
battyman1967
dick-sucker1968
mo1968
a friend of Dorothy1972
shim1973
gaylord1976
twinkie1977
woofter1977
bender1986
knob jockey1989
batty boy1992
cake boy1992
1952 R. P. Smith Time & Place 65 Don't you call me sister, you fruitcake, you pineapple you. You don think he wantsa talk to a beat-up old queen like you.
1993 W. Styron Tidewater Morning 36 It wasn't a she..but a he. He was a White Russian fruitcake.
2005 Mad (N.Y.) July 41/2 The Queer Cartoon Threat To Your Children... The sinister plot..to turn your child into a flaming fruitcake.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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