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单词 fro
释义

fron.1

Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse fró.
Etymology: ? < Old Norse fró in the same sense.
Obsolete. rare.
Comfort, relief.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > [noun] > consolation or relief
lightingOE
leathc1175
comfort?c1225
solacec1290
solacec1290
lithec1300
comfortingc1320
allegeancec1325
swaging1340
froa1350
releasec1350
consolationc1374
legeancec1390
reliefa1393
comfortationa1400
leathinga1400
swagea1400
allegementa1425
alleviation?a1425
recreation?a1425
refrigery?a1425
lighteningc1425
recomfortc1425
mitigation?1435
recomforting1487
recreancea1500
allevation1502
easement1533
solacy1534
ease1542
cheer1549
assuagement1561
refreshing1561
easing1580
recomfortation1585
recomforture1595
assuage1596
allevement1599
mitification1607
allayment1609
solagement1609
levation1656
solacement1721
solation1757
soulagement1777
consolement1797
de-tension1949
de-tensioning1952
tea and sympathy1953
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 69 Of myne deden fynde y non fro.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

'fron.2

Brit. /frəʊ/, U.S. /froʊ/
Forms: 1900s– 'fro, 1900s– fro. Also with capital initial.
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: Afro n.
Etymology: Shortened < Afro n.
colloquial (originally and chiefly U.S.).
An Afro hairstyle or any style of hair reminiscent of an Afro; a frizzy or bushy hairstyle.
ΚΠ
1970 Time 14 Dec. 40/1 The first sergeant..don't like no black man with a 'Fro.
1974 V. Ferdinand Blk Love Song #1 iii, in J. V. Hatch & T. Shine Black Theater U.S.A. 870/1 That's a nice looking fro baby and yo legs is nice too.
1982 J. M. Del Vecchio 13th Valley ix. 130 He pulled out his hair pick and fluffed up his 'fro.
1995 Daughters of Sarah Winter 25/2 She was plump and frizzy-haired (‘It's a 'fro!’), and wore spiked heels.
2003 Village Voice (N.Y.) 2 Apr. 68/1 A distinguished gentleman sporting a clean white apron and gray hair rising in a low-altitude 'fro parted in the middle.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

frov.

Brit. /frəʊ/, U.S. /froʊ/
Etymology: ? < fro adv.
a. intransitive. ? To go frowardly or untowardly, be unsuccessful. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of an action or plan
failc1394
misfare1489
fro1559
to shoot nipshot1568
miscarry1589
languefya1734
misfire1942
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates York xxiii God that causeth thinges to fro or frame.
b. As ˈfroing n. (See to and fro v.)
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

frofraeprep.adv.conj.

Brit. /frəʊ/, U.S. /froʊ/ /fre/
Forms: α. (chiefly northern and Scottish) Middle English–1600s fra, Middle English–1500s fray, (1500s fre, frea), 1700s–1800s frae; β. Middle English– fro, (Middle English froo, 1600s frow).
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse frá.
Etymology: < Old Norse frá, corresponding to Old English fram , from prep., adv., and conj.
A. prep. (Now only Scottish and dialect)
1.
a. = from prep. in all its senses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > in a direction away from (of motion) [preposition] > away from (denoting departure)
ofeOE
fromOE
froc1175
α.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1265 Swa ferr fra godess riche.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 211 Fra þiss daȝȝ þu shallt ben dumb.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 479 Lucifer..fell For his pride fra heuen to hell.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) Pref. 1 To..delyuer vs fra deed withouten end.
1558 Q. Kennedy Compendius Tractiue ii. sig. Biiv To discerne the rycht vnderstanding of ye scripture fra the wrang.
?1566–7 G. Buchanan Opinion Reformation Univ. St. Andros in Vernacular Writings (1892) 9 Euery Satterday fra ane efter none to four houris.
1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. 163 To abstein fra flesh.
1792 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 624 I'll borrow frae naebody.
1803 W. Wordsworth Yarrow Unvisited v Fair hangs the apple frae the rock.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. ix. 192 After his walk frae the manse.
1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvi, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 754 You canna tell a tree frae a tether.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Fra, from.
β. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 111 Þis longe weie þe he ferde fro heuene to helle.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 89 God ledde hem fro helle nigt to paradises leue ligt.c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 256 Whan hit was fro his possession.c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 138 And þus semen oure religious to be exempte fro charite.1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Sam. xxiv. 15 Fro Dan vnto Bersabee.1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. i. 54 Cloþede hem in copis, to be knowe fro oþere.c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1 At Trompyngtoun, nat fer fro Cantebrygge.1423 Kingis Quair lii Fro this day forth.c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 7 Fro al resonyng.1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. xliv. 29 They went fro toune to toune.1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Ei [He] gyueth fro hymselfe frely.a1586 Sir P. Sidney Astrophel & Stella in Arcadia (1598) 558 Where you may haue some defence Fro the stormes in my breast breeding.a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) v. vi. 261 Why did you throw your wedded Lady fro you? View more context for this quotationa1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 29 Can cal vow'd men fro cloysters, dead from tombs.1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Fro, from.
b. In verse frequently placed after its noun (esp. as a rhyme-word). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. ii. 34 When heo was me fro, I loked and byhelde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16814 + 20 Or þai parted hom froo.
c1400 Rom. Rose 4120 That I mote goo So fer the fresh floures froo.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 837 Bot othir dede or ellis fled thaim fray.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvi. 341 That no tratur steyll his cors you fray.
1549–62 T. Sternhold & J. Hopkins Whole Bk. Psalms xxx. 13 The mourning weede thou tookest me fro.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) i. sig. H4v Pas thought it hell, while he was Cosma fro.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iii. xvi. 77 Well could he hit a fallow deer Five hundred feet him fro.
c. fro oneself: ‘beside oneself’, out of one's wits. clean fro: quite contrary to. (Cf. from prep. 8b.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [adverb]
fromward?c1225
contrariouslyc1380
contrarying to1382
reversinglya1425
contrary1463
clean fro1483
repugnantly?1526
diametrally?1533
contrairly1535
in diameter1543
thwartly1558
oppositely1567
contrarily1570
contrariwise1574
diameter-wise1600
diameterly1603
reciprocallya1628
diametrically1633
counter1643
encounter1660
polarly1670
Antarcticallya1711
contrariantly1796
antithetically1816
tout au contraire1841
antistrophically1842
contrapositively1858
in reverse1869
at cross-corners with1892
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with
woodc725
woodsekc890
giddyc1000
out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000
witlessc1000
brainsickOE
amadc1225
lunaticc1290
madc1330
sickc1340
brain-wooda1375
out of one's minda1387
frenetica1398
fonda1400
formada1400
unwisea1400
brainc1400
unwholec1400
alienate?a1425
brainless1434
distract of one's wits1470
madfula1475
furious1475
distract1481
fro oneself1483
beside oneself1490
beside one's patience1490
dementa1500
red-wood?1507
extraught1509
misminded1509
peevish1523
bedlam-ripe1525
straughta1529
fanatic1533
bedlama1535
daft1540
unsounda1547
stark raving (also staring) mad1548
distraughted1572
insane1575
acrazeda1577
past oneself1576
frenzy1577
poll-mad1577
out of one's senses1580
maddeda1586
frenetical1588
distempered1593
distraught1597
crazed1599
diswitted1599
idle-headed1599
lymphatical1603
extract1608
madling1608
distracteda1616
informala1616
far gone1616
crazy1617
March mada1625
non compos mentis1628
brain-crazed1632
demented1632
crack-brained1634
arreptitiousa1641
dementate1640
dementated1650
brain-crackeda1652
insaniated1652
exsensed1654
bedlam-witteda1657
lymphatic1656
mad-like1679
dementative1685
non compos1699
beside one's gravity1716
hyte1720
lymphated1727
out of one's head1733
maddened1735
swivel-eyed1758
wrong1765
brainsickly1770
fatuous1773
derangedc1790
alienated1793
shake-brained1793
crack-headed1796
flighty1802
wowf1802
doitrified1808
phrenesiac1814
bedlamite1815
mad-braineda1822
fey1823
bedlamitish1824
skire1825
beside one's wits1827
as mad as a hatter1829
crazied1842
off one's head1842
bemadded1850
loco1852
off one's nut1858
off his chump1864
unsane1867
meshuga1868
non-sane1868
loony1872
bee-headed1879
off one's onion1881
off one's base1882
(to go) off one's dot1883
locoed1885
screwy1887
off one's rocker1890
balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891
meshuggener1892
nutty1892
buggy1893
bughouse1894
off one's pannikin1894
ratty1895
off one's trolley1896
batchy1898
twisted1900
batsc1901
batty1903
dippy1903
bugs1904
dingy1904
up the (also a) pole1904
nut1906
nuts1908
nutty as a fruitcake1911
bugged1920
potty1920
cuckoo1923
nutsy1923
puggled1923
blah1924
détraqué1925
doolally1925
off one's rocket1925
puggle1925
mental1927
phooey1927
crackers1928
squirrelly1928
over the edge1929
round the bend1929
lakes1934
ding-a-ling1935
wacky1935
screwball1936
dingbats1937
Asiatic1938
parlatic1941
troppo1941
up the creek1941
screwed-up1943
bonkers1945
psychological1952
out to lunch1955
starkers1956
off (one's) squiff1960
round the twist1960
yampy1963
out of (also off) one's bird1966
out of one's skull1967
whacked out1969
batshit1971
woo-woo1971
nutso1973
out of (one's) gourd1977
wacko1977
off one's meds1986
1483 Vulgaria abs Terencio (T. Rood & T. Hunte) sig. pij I am fro my selfe for angyre.
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xiii. 29 She bycam al frantyke & from her self.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxix. [ccxv.] 676 They had spyces ynoughe, and bredde made of mylke, clene fro the nature of Fraunce.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxxv. sig. Gii He was so sore dyspleased that he was nye therwyth fro him selfe.
2. Followed by other prepositions. (Cf. from prep. 15.)
ΚΠ
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Josh. viii. 11 Fro aȝens of the citee [L. ex adverso civitatis].
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke i. 78 He spryngynge vp fro an hiȝ hath visytid vs.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 25596 Þou was tane fra of þe crosse.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14407 Fra amang þat cursed ledd.
c1400 Gamelyn 803 Tho come Gamelyn fro under þe wode-rys.
c1480 (a1400) St. Paul l. 400 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 40 Fra owt of grece com mony men to rowme.
1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido iii. sig. D2 But I will teare thy eyes fro forth thy head.
1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake i. viii. 73 Then up there raise ane wee wee man, Franethe the moss-gray stane.
3. With an adverb in place of a noun-object. (Cf. from prep. 15) fro ðan ðat: from the time that. froforth: ? = from this time forth. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > period > [preposition] > from the beginning of a period
ofOE
fromc1050
froc1175
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [preposition] > from a place or perspective
froc1175
from1597
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > thereafter or after that
thoc700
thenforthc875
thereafterc897
fro ðan ðatc1175
thethenforthc1175
thenforthwardc1200
thereup?c1225
from?a1366
thencec1374
thenceforthc1374
fromwardc1400
thyne-forwardc1400
sin1405
thyne-forthc1440
thenceforward1457
sinsyne1470
thenafter1470
then afterwarda1485
upon?1523
sineth1542
thence-after1593
thenceforwards1684
thereafterward1867
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > from now or henceforth
fortha700
heneOE
henforthOE
forwardOE
anovenOE
yetOE
downwardc1175
forthwardc1175
furthermorea1300
henforthwardc1300
forne14..
henceforwardc1330
henforwardc1330
hencefortha1375
henceforthwardc1384
hencec1390
furtherwarda1400
forwardsc1400
hyneforwardc1400
henceforwardsa1425
even-forthc1425
forth on1474
henceforthon1490
hynea1500
froforth1536
hyneforth1570
downwards1584
towards1587
here-hence1592
whenceforth1658
whenceforwarda1661
onward1667
onwards1732
from here on out1867
as of now1902
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 17970 He þatt fra bibufenn comm.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 932 Eue fra þan hir cald adam.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 188 Fro ðan ðat he singen bi-gan.
c1340 R. Rolle Wks. (Horstman) I. 187 Sothely fra thy-thene Inryses a gret lufe.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. iii. 109 Cam late fro biȝunde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20078 For quam i com dun fra o-bouen.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10976 Þou sal be dumb fra nu.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 63 Be waar therfore frohens forthward.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 197 Whanne he were departid frothens and were come hoom aȝen.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxi. 243 Ye may go fro hens forth where ye lyst.
1536 in J. Strype Eccl. Mem. (1721) I. xxxv. 271 It is to trust..that party will also froforth..own to law all other abusions.
4. Of, concerning. Cf. Old Norse frá. rare—1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > relation [preposition] > respecting or concerning
ofOE
to-gainsc1175
againsta1225
anentc1225
towarda1240
froc1300
aforyen1340
again1340
touchinga1387
touchinga1398
touchant1399
concerning1525
re1707
fornent1709
regarding1779
c1300 Harrow. Hell 28 More wo Then i con ou telle fro.
B. adv.
In a direction or position that is remote or apart; away. Now only in to and fro (see to n.); for which rarely fro (fra) and till. †to do fro: to remove. Also, contrary, against. of or fro: for or against.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [adverb]
awayeOE
awaywardc1225
awaywardsc1275
froa1400
frowardc1426
froma1450
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away
ateec885
withbreidec890
animOE
overbearOE
to do awayOE
flitc1175
reavec1175
takec1175
to have away?a1300
to draw awayc1300
weve13..
to wend awaya1325
withdrawa1325
remuec1325
to carry away1363
to take away1372
waive1377
to long awaya1382
oftakec1390
to draw offa1398
to do froa1400
forflitc1420
amove?a1425
to carry out?a1425
surtrayc1440
surtretec1440
twistc1440
abstract1449
ostea1450
remove1459
ablatea1475
araisea1475
redd1479
dismove1480
diminish?1504
convey1530
alienate1534
retire1536
dimove1540
reversec1540
subtractc1540
submove1542
sublate1548
pare1549
to pull in1549
exempt1553
to shift off1567
retract?1570
renversec1586
aufer1587
to lay offa1593
rear1596
retrench1596
unhearse1596
exemea1600
remote1600
to set off1600
subduct1614
rob1627
extraneize1653
to bring off1656
to pull back1656
draft1742
extract1804
reef1901
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11937 Þat water moght rin fra and till, Vte of þe flum al atte will.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8927 Þar was a stank bot littel fra Hight piscina probatica.
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. xii. 197 Whan they come vp the smallest fro they do, So that the saddist faster may ascende.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 270 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 103 Sum said to and sum fra Sum nay and sum ȝa.
1562 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 204 He sais he cannot say anythinge of his honesty, of nor fro.
1576 A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. Epitome sig. Aiijv Passage to, fro, & through without danger.
C. conj. (Chiefly northern) Obsolete.
1. From the time that, from the moment when; as soon as, when. Also, fra that.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > future [conjunction] > since
fro14..
14.. in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 28 I am siker he will thank you full hartely, fro I lett him witt.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1325 & al þurȝ dome of Daniel, fro he deuised hade, Þat alle goudes com of god.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxiv. 109 And, fra I come þare, I knewe wele þat it was oþerwise.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 3435 Fra þat god my saule will haue.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 39 Fra he was eght ȝers ald.
c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 536 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 22 And fra marcellus þis cane se, he had þerof rycht mekil wondir.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 581 Fra at ye Brwce to dede war brocht.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 141 And fra he wyst quhat charge yai had He buskyt hym but mar abad.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. x. 1 Fra that the ancyant nun of Dan Phebus Thir wordis endit had.
1568 in J. Small Poems W. Dunbar (1893) II. 312 And he that is of hairt vntrew, Fra he be kend, fair weill, adew.
2. In a logical sense: Since, seeing that.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [conjunction] > seeing that or since
forwhya1400
where1411
whereas1426
seeinga1475
seen1483
fro1535
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 701 Syne efter him Alexander his bruther..Efter his deid succeidit in his steid, Fra this Edgair withoutin child wes deid.
1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Giiiiv Then, fra I saw (as I already told) How men complaind.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 102 Fra the follower haue founden borgh lawfullie.

Compounds

fro-leader = abductor n. 1. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 749 Called the Fro-leader or the muscle of Indignation or the Wayward muscle.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.1a1350n.21970v.1559prep.adv.conj.c1175
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