† fungen.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French fonge; Latin fungus.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French fonge (although this is first attested later: see fungus n.), or its etymon (ii) classical Latin fungus fungus n.In sense 2 after the corresponding extended use of classical Latin fungus. N.E.D. (1898) included the following quotation as a possible attributive example of sense 2, based on a misreading of tunge as funge: 1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie xxviii. 3 There liueth not thy lyke (for a flie) I trow, For tunge wit: thou arte the fly for the nonse.

Obsolete.

1. A mushroom or fungus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > fungus, mushroom, or toadstool

froga1398

fungea1398

toadstool1398

paddock-stoola1400

padstoola1400

toad's hatc1440

paddockcheesea1500

campernoyle1527

fungus1527

frogstool1535

bruche1562

fungo1562

champignon1578

toadstool1607

toad's bread1624

canker1640

fung1665

fungoid1734

agaric1777

pixie stool1787

fungillus1794

toad's capa1825

fungal1836

hysterophyte1849

macrofungus1946

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxiv. 1021 (MED) Axen of wylde peres ydronken helpeþ aȝeins funges, tadstooles [L. fungos].

a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 12 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 100 Take funges and pare hem clene, and dyce hem.

1575 J. Banister Needefull Treat. Chyrurg. f. 90 Of the earth also proceadeth funges, or Todestoles, whiche any waye prepared, are to be eschewed.

1664 W. Drage Physical Nosonomy 288 Anointings with Quicksilver, poysonous and venemous funges.

1789 J. Miller Illustr. Sexual Syst. Linnæus II. 74 Volva, a membranaceous Calyx, proper to the Funge.

2. A person lacking intelligence or common sense; a fool.Recorded only in the writings of Robert Burton.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun] > simpleton

innocentc1386

greenhead1576

gonyc1580

ninnyhammer1592

chicken1600

loach1605

simplician1605

hichcock1607

smelt1607

foppasty1611

dovea1616

goslinga1616

funge1621

simplicity1633

gewgaw1634

squab1640

simpletonian1652

ninny-whoop1653

softhead1654

foppotee1663

greenhorn1672

sumph1682

sawney1699

sillyton1708

gaby?1746

gobbin?1746

green goose1768

nin-a-kin1787

Jacob1811

green1824

sillikin1832

greeny1834

softhorn1836

sucker1838

softie1850

dope1851

soft1854

verigreen1854

peanut1864

daftie1872

josser1886

naïf1891

yapc1894

barm-stick1924

knobhead1931

sook1933

nig-nog1953

sawn1953

pronk1959

stiffy1965

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 31 A wicked caitiffe, or foole, a very idiot, a funge, a monster of man.

1624 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 2) i. ii. iii. xiv. 109 When as indeed, in all wise mens iudgments they are mad, empty vessels, funges, beside themselues.

1628 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 3) ii. ii. vi. iv. 283 They..seeth their braines in Ale,..ouerthrowe their bodies (meere funges and Caskes).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	funge
释义	† fungen. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French fonge; Latin fungus. Etymology: < (i) Middle French fonge (although this is first attested later: see fungus n.), or its etymon (ii) classical Latin fungus fungus n.In sense 2 after the corresponding extended use of classical Latin fungus. N.E.D. (1898) included the following quotation as a possible attributive example of sense 2, based on a misreading of tunge as funge: 1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie xxviii. 3 There liueth not thy lyke (for a flie) I trow, For tunge wit: thou arte the fly for the nonse. Obsolete. 1. A mushroom or fungus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > fungus, mushroom, or toadstool froga1398 fungea1398 toadstool1398 paddock-stoola1400 padstoola1400 toad's hatc1440 paddockcheesea1500 campernoyle1527 fungus1527 frogstool1535 bruche1562 fungo1562 champignon1578 toadstool1607 toad's bread1624 canker1640 fung1665 fungoid1734 agaric1777 pixie stool1787 fungillus1794 toad's capa1825 fungal1836 hysterophyte1849 macrofungus1946 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxiv. 1021 (MED) Axen of wylde peres ydronken helpeþ aȝeins funges, tadstooles [L. fungos]. a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 12 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 100 Take funges and pare hem clene, and dyce hem. 1575 J. Banister Needefull Treat. Chyrurg. f. 90 Of the earth also proceadeth funges, or Todestoles, whiche any waye prepared, are to be eschewed. 1664 W. Drage Physical Nosonomy 288 Anointings with Quicksilver, poysonous and venemous funges. 1789 J. Miller Illustr. Sexual Syst. Linnæus II. 74 Volva, a membranaceous Calyx, proper to the Funge. 2. A person lacking intelligence or common sense; a fool.Recorded only in the writings of Robert Burton. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun] > simpleton innocentc1386 greenhead1576 gonyc1580 ninnyhammer1592 chicken1600 loach1605 simplician1605 hichcock1607 smelt1607 foppasty1611 dovea1616 goslinga1616 funge1621 simplicity1633 gewgaw1634 squab1640 simpletonian1652 ninny-whoop1653 softhead1654 foppotee1663 greenhorn1672 sumph1682 sawney1699 sillyton1708 gaby?1746 gobbin?1746 green goose1768 nin-a-kin1787 Jacob1811 green1824 sillikin1832 greeny1834 softhorn1836 sucker1838 softie1850 dope1851 soft1854 verigreen1854 peanut1864 daftie1872 josser1886 naïf1891 yapc1894 barm-stick1924 knobhead1931 sook1933 nig-nog1953 sawn1953 pronk1959 stiffy1965 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 31 A wicked caitiffe, or foole, a very idiot, a funge, a monster of man. 1624 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 2) i. ii. iii. xiv. 109 When as indeed, in all wise mens iudgments they are mad, empty vessels, funges, beside themselues. 1628 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 3) ii. ii. vi. iv. 283 They..seeth their braines in Ale,..ouerthrowe their bodies (meere funges and Caskes). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1398
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