furlongn.

Brit.

/ˈfəːlɒŋ/, U.S.

/ˈfərˌlɔŋ/

Forms: Old English furlang, furlung, Middle English furleng, Middle English fur(e)lang(e, Middle English ferlong, fourlonge, Middle English for(e)lang(e, Middle English–1500s for(e)long(e, Middle English fur(e)longe, Middle English– furlong. plural Middle English forlong, furlong.

Etymology: Old English furlang strong neuter, < furh , furrow n. + lang , long adj.¹

1. Originally, the length of the furrow in the common field, which was theoretically regarded as a square containing ten acres. As a lineal measure, the furlong therefore varied according to the extent assigned at various times and places to the acre n., but was usually understood to be equal to 40 poles (rods, perches). As early as the 9th cent. it was regarded as the equivalent of the Roman stadium, which was ¹/ ₈ of a Roman mile; and hence furlong has always been used as a name for the eighth part of an English mile, whether this coincided with the agricultural measure so called or not. ‘The present statute furlong is 220 yards, and is equal both to the eighth part of a statute mile, and to the side of a square of 10 statute acres.’ ( N.E.D.)

a. As a measure in current use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > furlong

furlongc900

acrec1250

furlongc1330

acre lengthc1380

acre's lengthc1380

furlengtha1400

acre lenghc1440

oxgang1569

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 6693 .V. forlong he dede hem recoile.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 5 Er I hadde faren a fourlonge feyntise me hente.

a1400–50 Alexander 3856 A foure furelange or fyue it was of full brede.

14.. Sir Beues 752 (MS. M.) Ther was no hors in the world so stronge That myght ffolowe hym a fur longe.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur ix. xi Thenne he..departed his waye a furlonge.

1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 56 There is also diversitie what a Furlong should conteine in length.

1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. x. 48 Fifteene furlongs, that is, a mile and ⁷/ ₈ parts.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler v. 128 For Gesner observes, the Otter smels a fish forty furlong off him in the water.

a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 15 About two furlongs out of Town.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) In Scotland the furlong is equal to forty falls.

1768 G. White Let. 18 Apr. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 47 This noise may be heard a furlong or more.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. xxix. 262 The fresh and desperate onset bore The foes three furlongs back.

1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 86 His day's ride is a furlong space.

b. Historical as a rendering of Latin stadium or Greek στάδιον.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > furlong

furlongc900

acrec1250

furlongc1330

acre lengthc1380

acre's lengthc1380

furlengtha1400

acre lenghc1440

oxgang1569

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > stadium (ancient Greek or Roman unit)

furlongc900

stadiuma1398

stagec1480

stade?1537

stound1656

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) i. xxv. 56 Se is þreora furlunga brad.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiv. 13 Syxtig furlanga fram hierusalem.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xxiv. 13 A castel, that was fro Jerusalem in space of sixty furlongis.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1030 Twelue [thousand] forlonge space.

?1548 J. Bale Image Bothe Churches (new ed.) iii. sig. Mmviii^v A furlonge is the eyghte part of a myle and contayneth a hundreth and .xxv. passes, which is in length .vi. hundreth and .xxv. fote.

1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. viii. 195 A Furlong contains according to Herodotus..600 Feet.

1760 F. Fawkes tr. Musaeus Loves of Hero & Leander in tr. Anacreon Wks. 23 (note) The narrowest Part of the Channel is about seven Stadia, or Furlongs.

†c. furlong way n. Obsolete a short distance, hence the time taken in walking this, a brief space.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > [noun] > a short distance

wurpc950

stepc1000

footc1300

furlong wayc1384

stone-casta1387

straw brede14..

tinec1420

weec1420

field-breadth1535

field-broad1535

pair of butts1545

straw-breadth1577

stone's throw1581

way-bit?1589

space1609

piece1612

littlea1616

spirt1670

a spit and a stride1676

hair's breadth1706

rope's length1777

biscuit throw1796

a whoop and a holler1815

biscuit toss1836

biscuit cast1843

stone-shot1847

pieceway1886

stone-put1896

pitch-and-putt1925

pieceways1932

the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > [noun] > a short or moderate space of time

weekeOE

littleOE

roomOE

stoundOE

startc1300

houra1350

furlong wayc1384

piecea1400

weea1400

speed whilec1400

hanlawhilea1500

snack1513

spirt?1550

snatch1563

fit1583

spurta1591

shortness1598

span1599

bit1653

thinking time1668

thinking-while1668

onwardling1674

way-bit1674

whilie1819

fillip1880

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame iii. 974 Or hyt a forlonge way was olde.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 451 They seten stille wel a furlong way.

c1450 Two Cookery-bks. ii. 91 Þenne take hem downe..and lete stonde a forlonge wey or ij.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. v I had leuer..that I hadde ben a forlonge way to fore hym.

†2. Used (on the analogy of 1b) to render Latin stadium in the sense of ‘the course for foot-races’. (Chiefly figurative.) Obsolete.The course for runners at Olympia was a stadium in length; hence the use of στάδιον, stadium in this sense.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > racing on foot > [noun] > course

furlongc1374

stadiec1374

stadium1603

stade1875

lane1909

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iv. pr. iii. 93 Yif a man renneþ in the stadie or in the forlong for the corone.

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 258 Þei þat rennen in þe ferlong for þe pris.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Qviii^v For euery religious person..shulde ronne in the forelong of perfection.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 328 After the forlonge of thys presente lyfe.

a. An area of land a ‘furlong’ each way, containing ten acres.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > square furlong

quarentenea1475

flat1523

furlong1819

1819 A. Rees Cycl. XV. (at cited word) The furlong as a superficial measure, is generally 10 acres, according to the acre of different counties.

†b. The eighth part of an acre. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. Perhaps only a blunder of Minsheu.

ΚΠ

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Furlong..is otherwise the eight part of an acre.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Furlong,..It is otherwise the eighth part of an Acre.

4. The headland of a common field. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land > headland

headOE

headlandOE

lea-riga1170

Land's endc1394

headrig1475

hade?1523

land-end1555

furlong1649

hade-way1649

head-ridge1659

sideland1763

headmark1820

turn-row1885

?854 Charter of Æthelwolf of Wessex in Cod. Dipl. V. 111 Of twelf ækeran ut forð bufon scortan hlince æt ðæs furlanges ende.

1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver ii. 13 One Furlong butting, or Hadlanding, upon other Furlongs.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Furlong, the road or boundary upon which the separate lots abut in an ‘open field’ or piece of unenclosed ground divided into several occupations.

5. An indefinite division of an unenclosed field.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > common or unenclosed land > portion of

furlong12..

dalec1241

dole1523

flat1523

stintagea1642

stintinga1642

12.. Newminster Cartul. (1878) 122 Usque ad Gauelok furlang.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 424 I can fynde in a felde or in a fourlonge an hare.

1438 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 170 Quinta acra jacet super eundem furlong. [But is this 4?]

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xxi. f. 38^v At a furlong called Dale furlong, y^e whiche furlong conteyneth .xxx. landes and two heed landes.

1637 Harrison in S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield A piece of land enclosed lying in furlongs.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Furlong, a division of an uninclosed cornfield.

1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 302 Two selions of land containing one acre, lying in a furlong called Foxholes.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words I. 260 Furlong, an indefinite number of lands or leys, running parallel to each other.

6. = land n.¹ (See quot. 1893.) Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land > divisions of ploughed land

ridgeOE

butt1304

landc1400

rig1428

sheth1431

shed1473

stitch1493

loon1611

furlong1660

size-land1744

slit1775

kench1799

stimpart1896

1660 R. Sharrock Hist. Propagation & Improvem. Veg. 97 The land must be cast into furlongs, that the furrows may convey the water one to another into a general trench.

1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Furlong..the strip of newly-ploughed land lying between two main furrows.

7. ‘The line of direction of plowed lands’ (Marshall).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > furrow > direction of furrows

furlong1787

1787 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Norfolk I. 131 Endeavouring to lay their ‘furlongs’ north-and-south, that the sun may have an equal influence on either side the narrow ridges.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	furlong
释义	furlongn. Brit. /ˈfəːlɒŋ/, U.S. /ˈfərˌlɔŋ/ Forms: Old English furlang, furlung, Middle English furleng, Middle English fur(e)lang(e, Middle English ferlong, fourlonge, Middle English for(e)lang(e, Middle English–1500s for(e)long(e, Middle English fur(e)longe, Middle English– furlong. plural Middle English forlong, furlong. Etymology: Old English furlang strong neuter, < furh , furrow n. + lang , long adj.¹ 1. Originally, the length of the furrow in the common field, which was theoretically regarded as a square containing ten acres. As a lineal measure, the furlong therefore varied according to the extent assigned at various times and places to the acre n., but was usually understood to be equal to 40 poles (rods, perches). As early as the 9th cent. it was regarded as the equivalent of the Roman stadium, which was ¹/ ₈ of a Roman mile; and hence furlong has always been used as a name for the eighth part of an English mile, whether this coincided with the agricultural measure so called or not. ‘The present statute furlong is 220 yards, and is equal both to the eighth part of a statute mile, and to the side of a square of 10 statute acres.’ ( N.E.D.) a. As a measure in current use. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > furlong furlongc900 acrec1250 furlongc1330 acre lengthc1380 acre's lengthc1380 furlengtha1400 acre lenghc1440 oxgang1569 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 6693 .V. forlong he dede hem recoile. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 5 Er I hadde faren a fourlonge feyntise me hente. a1400–50 Alexander 3856 A foure furelange or fyue it was of full brede. 14.. Sir Beues 752 (MS. M.) Ther was no hors in the world so stronge That myght ffolowe hym a fur longe. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur ix. xi Thenne he..departed his waye a furlonge. 1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 56 There is also diversitie what a Furlong should conteine in length. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. x. 48 Fifteene furlongs, that is, a mile and ⁷/ ₈ parts. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler v. 128 For Gesner observes, the Otter smels a fish forty furlong off him in the water. View more context for this quotation a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 15 About two furlongs out of Town. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) In Scotland the furlong is equal to forty falls. 1768 G. White Let. 18 Apr. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 47 This noise may be heard a furlong or more. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. xxix. 262 The fresh and desperate onset bore The foes three furlongs back. 1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 86 His day's ride is a furlong space. b. Historical as a rendering of Latin stadium or Greek στάδιον. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > furlong furlongc900 acrec1250 furlongc1330 acre lengthc1380 acre's lengthc1380 furlengtha1400 acre lenghc1440 oxgang1569 the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > stadium (ancient Greek or Roman unit) furlongc900 stadiuma1398 stagec1480 stade?1537 stound1656 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) i. xxv. 56 Se is þreora furlunga brad. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiv. 13 Syxtig furlanga fram hierusalem. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xxiv. 13 A castel, that was fro Jerusalem in space of sixty furlongis. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1030 Twelue [thousand] forlonge space. ?1548 J. Bale Image Bothe Churches (new ed.) iii. sig. Mmviii^v A furlonge is the eyghte part of a myle and contayneth a hundreth and .xxv. passes, which is in length .vi. hundreth and .xxv. fote. 1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. viii. 195 A Furlong contains according to Herodotus..600 Feet. 1760 F. Fawkes tr. Musaeus Loves of Hero & Leander in tr. Anacreon Wks. 23 (note) The narrowest Part of the Channel is about seven Stadia, or Furlongs. †c. furlong way n. Obsolete a short distance, hence the time taken in walking this, a brief space. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > [noun] > a short distance wurpc950 stepc1000 footc1300 furlong wayc1384 stone-casta1387 straw brede14.. tinec1420 weec1420 field-breadth1535 field-broad1535 pair of butts1545 straw-breadth1577 stone's throw1581 way-bit?1589 space1609 piece1612 littlea1616 spirt1670 a spit and a stride1676 hair's breadth1706 rope's length1777 biscuit throw1796 a whoop and a holler1815 biscuit toss1836 biscuit cast1843 stone-shot1847 pieceway1886 stone-put1896 pitch-and-putt1925 pieceways1932 the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > [noun] > a short or moderate space of time weekeOE littleOE roomOE stoundOE startc1300 houra1350 furlong wayc1384 piecea1400 weea1400 speed whilec1400 hanlawhilea1500 snack1513 spirt?1550 snatch1563 fit1583 spurta1591 shortness1598 span1599 bit1653 thinking time1668 thinking-while1668 onwardling1674 way-bit1674 whilie1819 fillip1880 c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame iii. 974 Or hyt a forlonge way was olde. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 451 They seten stille wel a furlong way. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. ii. 91 Þenne take hem downe..and lete stonde a forlonge wey or ij. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. v I had leuer..that I hadde ben a forlonge way to fore hym. †2. Used (on the analogy of 1b) to render Latin stadium in the sense of ‘the course for foot-races’. (Chiefly figurative.) Obsolete.The course for runners at Olympia was a stadium in length; hence the use of στάδιον, stadium in this sense. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > racing on foot > [noun] > course furlongc1374 stadiec1374 stadium1603 stade1875 lane1909 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iv. pr. iii. 93 Yif a man renneþ in the stadie or in the forlong for the corone. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 258 Þei þat rennen in þe ferlong for þe pris. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Qviii^v For euery religious person..shulde ronne in the forelong of perfection. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) iii. 328 After the forlonge of thys presente lyfe. 3. a. An area of land a ‘furlong’ each way, containing ten acres. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > square furlong quarentenea1475 flat1523 furlong1819 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XV. (at cited word) The furlong as a superficial measure, is generally 10 acres, according to the acre of different counties. †b. The eighth part of an acre. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. Perhaps only a blunder of Minsheu. ΚΠ 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Furlong..is otherwise the eight part of an acre. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Furlong,..It is otherwise the eighth part of an Acre. 4. The headland of a common field. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land > headland headOE headlandOE lea-riga1170 Land's endc1394 headrig1475 hade?1523 land-end1555 furlong1649 hade-way1649 head-ridge1659 sideland1763 headmark1820 turn-row1885 ?854 Charter of Æthelwolf of Wessex in Cod. Dipl. V. 111 Of twelf ækeran ut forð bufon scortan hlince æt ðæs furlanges ende. 1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver ii. 13 One Furlong butting, or Hadlanding, upon other Furlongs. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Furlong, the road or boundary upon which the separate lots abut in an ‘open field’ or piece of unenclosed ground divided into several occupations. 5. An indefinite division of an unenclosed field. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > common or unenclosed land > portion of furlong12.. dalec1241 dole1523 flat1523 stintagea1642 stintinga1642 12.. Newminster Cartul. (1878) 122 Usque ad Gauelok furlang. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 424 I can fynde in a felde or in a fourlonge an hare. 1438 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 170 Quinta acra jacet super eundem furlong. [But is this 4?] 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xxi. f. 38^v At a furlong called Dale furlong, y^e whiche furlong conteyneth .xxx. landes and two heed landes. 1637 Harrison in S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield A piece of land enclosed lying in furlongs. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Furlong, a division of an uninclosed cornfield. 1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 302 Two selions of land containing one acre, lying in a furlong called Foxholes. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words I. 260 Furlong, an indefinite number of lands or leys, running parallel to each other. 6. = land n.¹ (See quot. 1893.) Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land > divisions of ploughed land ridgeOE butt1304 landc1400 rig1428 sheth1431 shed1473 stitch1493 loon1611 furlong1660 size-land1744 slit1775 kench1799 stimpart1896 1660 R. Sharrock Hist. Propagation & Improvem. Veg. 97 The land must be cast into furlongs, that the furrows may convey the water one to another into a general trench. 1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Furlong..the strip of newly-ploughed land lying between two main furrows. 7. ‘The line of direction of plowed lands’ (Marshall). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > furrow > direction of furrows furlong1787 1787 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Norfolk I. 131 Endeavouring to lay their ‘furlongs’ north-and-south, that the sun may have an equal influence on either side the narrow ridges. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?854
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