Gallan.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɡalə/, U.S.

/ˈɡælə/,

/ˈɡɑlə/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Gallas.

Origin: A borrowing from Portuguese. Etymon: Portuguese Galla.

Etymology: < Portuguese Galla (1565 in the work translated in quot. 1625) < a language of Ethiopia (compare Ge'ez Gāllā (late 16th cent or earlier), Amharic Gāllā (18th cent.), both denoting the Oromo people (in Amharic also used as a general term of abuse, especially for non-Christians), of unknown origin). Compare also post-classical Latin flumen Galla, the name of a river (mid 15th cent., on an Italian map).The self-designation of the people is Oromo Oromo (see Oromo n.).

A. n.

a. A member of a people of eastern Africa, forming one of the two largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia, with subgroups also inhabiting parts of Kenya. Both this people and their language (see sense A. 1b) are now known by the self-designation Oromo (see Oromo n.). The term Galla is not favoured by the Oromo and is regarded as pejorative or offensive.

ΚΠ

1625 tr. J. Bermudes Briefe Relat. Embassage iv, in S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. vii. vii. 1164 Father, there shall no wrong be done to you; but because it is necessarie for vs to prepare to the Warres, which the Gallas [Pg. os Gallas] make vpon mee.

1892 A. S. White Devel. Afr. (ed. 2) 101 As agriculturists and herdsmen, and in the industrial arts, the Galla bordering on Abyssinia and the Somál of the Coast towns are the most advanced.

1991 T. Pakenham Scramble for Afr. (1992) xxix. 538 Menelik had paid for these imports with gold looted from his neighbours, the unfortunate Kaffa and Galla on his southern borders.

b. The Cushitic language of the Galla.

ΚΠ

1848 Rep. 17th Meeting Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1847 185 English eye. Mandara echey... Galla itsha.

1982 G. B. Gragg Oromo Dict. p. v Political developments since 1974 have resulted in..a change in status for the language symbolized by the replacement of the misnomer ‘Galla’ by the self-name of speakers of the language, ‘Oromo’.

2000 L. H. Gann & P. Duignan Afr. & World ii. v. 60 Cushite..has several branches. They include Somali, Galla and other related tongues spoken around the ‘Horn of Africa’ and beyond.

2. Designating a variety of humped cattle developed in East Africa and having long spreading horns. Also: designating an animal of this breed. Cf. Sanga n. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1814 H. Salt Voy. Abyssinia vi. 258 Here, for the first time, I was gratified by the sight of the Galla oxen, or Sanga, celebrated throughout Abyssinia for the remarkable size of their horns: three of these animals were grazing among the other cattle, in perfect health.

1898 R. Lydekker Wild Oxen, Sheep, & Goats of all Lands i. 20 Although in the Indian breeds the horns are in most cases of comparatively small size, in the Galla breed of Africa they attain enormous proportions.

1934 C. D. Forde Habitat, Econ. & Society iv. xxii. 449 The so-called Galla cattle of the Sudan..are humped like the zebu.

1971 H. Epstein Origin Domest. Animals Afr. I. 338 This term [sc. sanga], which seems to have been first employed by the traveller Salt with reference to giant-horned Galla oxen.., has been generally accepted for breeds south of the Zambesi.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or relating to the Galla or their language.

ΚΠ

1710 tr. B. Telles Trav. Jesuits in Ethiopia i. iii. 202 Belonging to several Moorish and Galla Lords.

1878 A. K. Johnston Africa xiv. 286 The Somâli and Galla people are as closely related as they are hostilely disposed towards each other.

1920 Blackwood's Mag. May 678/2 The poor old Galla vendor clucking with rage.

1970 Encycl. Brit. IX. 1094/1 The Galla..used to make a pilgrimage to the Abba Muda, ‘father of anointing’,..the personification of Galla law and tradition.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	galla
释义	Gallan.adj. Brit. /ˈɡalə/, U.S. /ˈɡælə/, /ˈɡɑlə/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Gallas. Origin: A borrowing from Portuguese. Etymon: Portuguese Galla. Etymology: < Portuguese Galla (1565 in the work translated in quot. 1625) < a language of Ethiopia (compare Ge'ez Gāllā (late 16th cent or earlier), Amharic Gāllā (18th cent.), both denoting the Oromo people (in Amharic also used as a general term of abuse, especially for non-Christians), of unknown origin). Compare also post-classical Latin flumen Galla, the name of a river (mid 15th cent., on an Italian map).The self-designation of the people is Oromo Oromo (see Oromo n.). A. n. 1. a. A member of a people of eastern Africa, forming one of the two largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia, with subgroups also inhabiting parts of Kenya. Both this people and their language (see sense A. 1b) are now known by the self-designation Oromo (see Oromo n.). The term Galla is not favoured by the Oromo and is regarded as pejorative or offensive. ΚΠ 1625 tr. J. Bermudes Briefe Relat. Embassage iv, in S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. vii. vii. 1164 Father, there shall no wrong be done to you; but because it is necessarie for vs to prepare to the Warres, which the Gallas [Pg. os Gallas] make vpon mee. 1892 A. S. White Devel. Afr. (ed. 2) 101 As agriculturists and herdsmen, and in the industrial arts, the Galla bordering on Abyssinia and the Somál of the Coast towns are the most advanced. 1991 T. Pakenham Scramble for Afr. (1992) xxix. 538 Menelik had paid for these imports with gold looted from his neighbours, the unfortunate Kaffa and Galla on his southern borders. b. The Cushitic language of the Galla. ΚΠ 1848 Rep. 17th Meeting Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1847 185 English eye. Mandara echey... Galla itsha. 1982 G. B. Gragg Oromo Dict. p. v Political developments since 1974 have resulted in..a change in status for the language symbolized by the replacement of the misnomer ‘Galla’ by the self-name of speakers of the language, ‘Oromo’. 2000 L. H. Gann & P. Duignan Afr. & World ii. v. 60 Cushite..has several branches. They include Somali, Galla and other related tongues spoken around the ‘Horn of Africa’ and beyond. 2. Designating a variety of humped cattle developed in East Africa and having long spreading horns. Also: designating an animal of this breed. Cf. Sanga n. Now rare. ΚΠ 1814 H. Salt Voy. Abyssinia vi. 258 Here, for the first time, I was gratified by the sight of the Galla oxen, or Sanga, celebrated throughout Abyssinia for the remarkable size of their horns: three of these animals were grazing among the other cattle, in perfect health. 1898 R. Lydekker Wild Oxen, Sheep, & Goats of all Lands i. 20 Although in the Indian breeds the horns are in most cases of comparatively small size, in the Galla breed of Africa they attain enormous proportions. 1934 C. D. Forde Habitat, Econ. & Society iv. xxii. 449 The so-called Galla cattle of the Sudan..are humped like the zebu. 1971 H. Epstein Origin Domest. Animals Afr. I. 338 This term [sc. sanga], which seems to have been first employed by the traveller Salt with reference to giant-horned Galla oxen.., has been generally accepted for breeds south of the Zambesi. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Galla or their language. ΚΠ 1710 tr. B. Telles Trav. Jesuits in Ethiopia i. iii. 202 Belonging to several Moorish and Galla Lords. 1878 A. K. Johnston Africa xiv. 286 The Somâli and Galla people are as closely related as they are hostilely disposed towards each other. 1920 Blackwood's Mag. May 678/2 The poor old Galla vendor clucking with rage. 1970 Encycl. Brit. IX. 1094/1 The Galla..used to make a pilgrimage to the Abba Muda, ‘father of anointing’,..the personification of Galla law and tradition. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.adj.1625
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