garthn.¹

Brit.

/ɡɑːθ/, U.S.

/ɡɑrθ/

Forms: Also Middle English gerth, Middle English–1500s garthe, 1800s dialect gaath, gaith.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse garð-r.

Etymology: < Old Norse garð-r (Danish gaard , Swedish gård ) yard, courtyard, fence = Old English geard yard n.¹ The word is still current in the eastern and northern dialects of English, but is obsolete in Scottish.

a. A small piece of enclosed ground, usually beside a house or other building, used as a yard, garden, or paddock; frequently with defining word, as apple-garth, barn-garth, cloister-garth, field-garth, fold-garth, garden-garth, hall-garth, hemp-garth, minster-garth, stack-garth, willow-garth, see under the initial element.See also church garth n., kirk-garth n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > enclosed land or field > small field or enclosure

parrockeOE

croft969

pightlec1200

curtilagec1330

gartha1340

toftc1440

pingle1546

lot1789

log-paddock1900

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxxvi. 2 Þe kale, þat he says not ere of garthis bot of gressis.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 777 Yet is the chalk or cley lond forto eschewe, And from the rede also thy garth remewe.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 257 Throw a dyrk garth [1570 gait] scho gydyt him furth fast.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 39 In symmer syne, quhen euerie schaw wes schene, And euerie garth with gerss wes growand grene.

c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) vii. 25 Sen in ȝour garth þe lilly quhyte May nocht remane amang þe laif.

1625 W. Lisle tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Noe in tr. Part of Du Bartas Ded. 5 See lad, quoth he, the house and garth well drest To morrow morn.

1701–2 A. de la Pryme Let. 2 Feb. in Diary (1870) ii. 249 I got it [sc. Aparine Plinii] plentifully in a garth of Richard Rogison's, of Broughton, in Lincolnshire, amongst the corn.

1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 412 A garden for potatoes, of a rood or half an acre, called a garth.

1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 i. 126 The most independent mode is for the cottager to rent a small garth or close.

1887 York Herald 16 Apr. 6/5 The party of Greek gipsies..encamped in a garth close to the Gaol.

figurative.1559 D. Lindsay Test. Papyngo l. 57 in Wks. (1931) I In all the garth of Eloquence, Is no thyng left bot barrane stok and stone.

b. Short for: Cloister-garth.

ΚΠ

1884 19th Cent. Jan. 104 The open space [of the quadrangle] not roofed in was called the garth.

1890 Daily News 30 June 7/6 The central grassplot of the cloisters—the garth—offers a far better and more sanitary burialplace.

2. A fence or hedge. rare. Also with defining word, as thorn-garth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > hedge or fence

hayc725

gartha1340

tiningc1440

mound?a1500

frith1511

dike1567

sepiment1656

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxxxviii. 39 Thou distroyd all his thorne garthis [L. sepes].

1483 Cath. Angl. 42/2 To breke garthe, desepire.

1483 Cath. Angl. 151/1 A garthe, sepes.

1894 J. C. Atkinson Mem. Old Whitby 43 A garth is a fence of any kind,—earth, stones, turves, posts and rails.

1908 W. G. Collingwood Scand. Brit. 193 He made his bær, a group of buildings, in the tún, or homefield, which he manured and mowed for hay, and surrounded with a garth.

3. = fishgarth n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > fish-weir or -garth

weir839

fish-weirc1000

yair1178

fishgarth1454

eel-bed1483

water frith1584

frith1602

garth1609

fish-lock1661

crawl1682

fish-yard1685

fishing-pen1791

eelery1854

fishing-weir1870

crib1873

ark1883

kiddle1891

1609 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) IV. 432/1 All & haill þe salmond fischeing..Comprehending þe garthis and pullis vnder-writtin.

1708 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) 366 Garth is..a Dam or Wear in a River for the catching of Fish, vulgarly called a Fish-Garth.

1873 Act 36 & 37 Victoria c. 71 Sched. 3 License Duties..For each..hangbaulk, garth, goryd, box, crib, or cruive £12 0. 0.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

garth-end n.

ΚΠ

1565–73 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 226 He threatyned hir..to cast hir over the wall at hys garth end.

1720 J. Clarke Ess. Educ. Youth 25 The..Fellow..directed a Gentleman..to go by his Father's Garth-End.

garth-yard n.

ΚΠ

1890 ‘W. A. Wallace’ Only a Sister 78 I just stopped under the big ash-tree at the end o' the garth-yard.

C2.

† garth-cress n. Obsolete garden-cress (cf. Middle English toun-cresse).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > cress

cressa700

town cresseOE

fen-cressc1000

well-cressOE

nasturtiumOE

watercressc1300

garth-cress?14..

watercress?a1450

women's meadwort?a1450

garden cressa1500

peppergrass?a1500

nosewort1563

nosesmart1589

water-rocket1605

nosewort1608

well grassa1646

cresson1657

water grass1708

tongue-grass1726

poor man's pepper1738

marsh-rocket1739

passerage1879

?14.. MS. Linc. Med. lf. 292 (Halliw.) Tak a peny-weghte of garthe cresse sede, and gyff hym at ete.

garth-man n. (a) †one who owns or works a fish-garth; (b) (see quot. 1877).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > fish-farmer or -breeder

garth-man1389

garther1679

pisciculturist1858

fish-breeder1860

fish-culturist1874

fish-farmer1876

mariculturist1969

1389 Act 13 Rich. II c. 19 Qe null peschour ne garthman..ne mette..en les ewes de Thamise..ascuns rees appelez stalkers.

1584 Order Sept. in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 63 No Fishermen, Garthmen, Petermen, Draymen or Trinkermen, shall..set up any Wears, Engines [etc.].

1865 Stamford Mercury in Standard 16 Sept. A man..for 20 years garthman at Mr. Mason's, of Rigsby.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Garthman, the man who attends upon the stock in a fold-yard.

† garth-spade n. Obsolete a garden-spade.

ΚΠ

1573 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 242 A gavelocke, ij hacks, iij peatspades, ij flainge spades a garthspade, vij^s.

garth-stead n. (see quot. 1877).

ΚΠ

1515 Comp. Gild St. Mary, Boston 9 b Tenentes vnias Garthstede nuper Hugonis Madershall.]

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Garth-stead, a homestead; a stack-yard; a yard in which cattle is folded.

Derivatives

† garth v. Obsolete rare to enclose with a fence.

ΚΠ

1483 Cath. Angl. 151/2 To Garthe, sepire, &c.; vbi to close.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

garthn.²

Brit.

/ɡɑːθ/, U.S.

/ɡɑrθ/

Forms: Middle English garte, Middle English–1600s garthe, 1600s– garth.

Etymology: Northern form of gerth (see under girth n.), < Old Norse giǫrð (feminine), girth or hoop.

northern dialect.

1. A saddle-girth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > girth

wanty1297

wame-towc1310

womb ropea1325

girth1377

surcingle1390

warrok1392

garthc1425

cinglec1430

girt1563

wanty rope1569

girse1591

saddle banda1604

mail girt1607

saddle girt1613

saddle girth1635

mail-girth1673

girding1680

body girth1688

roller1688

wombtack1729

breast-girth1805

girthing1805

cinch1866

latigo1873

c1425 Thomas of Erceld. 57 Hir garthes of nobyll sylke þay were..Hir steraps were of crystalle clere.

c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 665/34 Hec singula, a garthe.

1483 Cath. Angl. 151/1 A Garte of a hors (A. Garthe for A hors); singula, ventrale.

1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 32 This done, with the help of another groome that may deliuer the girthes, let the Saddle be girded on; at the first so gently that he may no more but feel the garths.

1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Garth, the strap which goes under a horse's belly to fasten the saddle to him.

2. A wooden hoop (e.g. for a barrel).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > barrel or cask > [noun] > hoop

hoopa1175

tonnel-hoop1341

garth1483

girr1611

gird1612

neck-hoop1641

1424 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 152 Item Thomæ Colleper pro v garthys ligneis, 5d.]

1483 Cath. Angl. 151/2 A Garthe for wesselle, cinctorium, circulus.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xliii If there be asshes in it, to sell the small asshes to coupers for garthes.

1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments 168 Besides the wearing and breaking of Garthes, and Plugs.

1623 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (rev. ed.) iii. sig. F3 Then with a small pliant Garth or Belt.. gird the hackle close to the Hiue.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 424/2 Distilling Bag..Its wide at the top and open, being kept so by an hoop or garth sowed about it.

1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Garth, a hoop or band. North.

1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Garth, the rim or hoop of a barrel.

3. Girth, or measurement round about.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > thickness > [noun] > girth

largeur1545

bigness1615

girth1644

girt1647

garth1684

1684 R. Howlett School Recreat. 133 The largest in the Garth is the strongest Cock. The Dimension of the Garth is thus known: Gripe the Cock about [etc.].

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Cock He should be..long from the Head to the Rump, thick in the Garth.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Garth, the bulk of the body measured by the girdle.

Compounds

† garth-web n. Obsolete woven material for making saddle-girths (see girth-web n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for girths

girth-web1381

garth-web?1523

skein1566

girt-web1655

girse-web1697

girth-webbing1794

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. vi^v A brode thonge of ledder or of garth webbe of an elne longe.

1607 G. Markham Cavelarice iv. 41 Then you shall take a peece of garthwebbe.

Derivatives

† garth v. Obsolete rare to fit with hoops.

ΚΠ

1483 Cath. Angl. 151/2 To Garthe wesselle, circulare.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	garth
释义	garthn.¹ Brit. /ɡɑːθ/, U.S. /ɡɑrθ/ Forms: Also Middle English gerth, Middle English–1500s garthe, 1800s dialect gaath, gaith. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse garð-r. Etymology: < Old Norse garð-r (Danish gaard , Swedish gård ) yard, courtyard, fence = Old English geard yard n.¹ The word is still current in the eastern and northern dialects of English, but is obsolete in Scottish. 1. a. A small piece of enclosed ground, usually beside a house or other building, used as a yard, garden, or paddock; frequently with defining word, as apple-garth, barn-garth, cloister-garth, field-garth, fold-garth, garden-garth, hall-garth, hemp-garth, minster-garth, stack-garth, willow-garth, see under the initial element.See also church garth n., kirk-garth n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > enclosed land or field > small field or enclosure parrockeOE croft969 pightlec1200 curtilagec1330 gartha1340 toftc1440 pingle1546 lot1789 log-paddock1900 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxxvi. 2 Þe kale, þat he says not ere of garthis bot of gressis. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 777 Yet is the chalk or cley lond forto eschewe, And from the rede also thy garth remewe. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 257 Throw a dyrk garth [1570 gait] scho gydyt him furth fast. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 39 In symmer syne, quhen euerie schaw wes schene, And euerie garth with gerss wes growand grene. c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) vii. 25 Sen in ȝour garth þe lilly quhyte May nocht remane amang þe laif. 1625 W. Lisle tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Noe in tr. Part of Du Bartas Ded. 5 See lad, quoth he, the house and garth well drest To morrow morn. 1701–2 A. de la Pryme Let. 2 Feb. in Diary (1870) ii. 249 I got it [sc. Aparine Plinii] plentifully in a garth of Richard Rogison's, of Broughton, in Lincolnshire, amongst the corn. 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 412 A garden for potatoes, of a rood or half an acre, called a garth. 1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 i. 126 The most independent mode is for the cottager to rent a small garth or close. 1887 York Herald 16 Apr. 6/5 The party of Greek gipsies..encamped in a garth close to the Gaol. figurative.1559 D. Lindsay Test. Papyngo l. 57 in Wks. (1931) I In all the garth of Eloquence, Is no thyng left bot barrane stok and stone. b. Short for: Cloister-garth. ΚΠ 1884 19th Cent. Jan. 104 The open space [of the quadrangle] not roofed in was called the garth. 1890 Daily News 30 June 7/6 The central grassplot of the cloisters—the garth—offers a far better and more sanitary burialplace. 2. A fence or hedge. rare. Also with defining word, as thorn-garth. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > hedge or fence hayc725 gartha1340 tiningc1440 mound?a1500 frith1511 dike1567 sepiment1656 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxxxviii. 39 Thou distroyd all his thorne garthis [L. sepes]. 1483 Cath. Angl. 42/2 To breke garthe, desepire. 1483 Cath. Angl. 151/1 A garthe, sepes. 1894 J. C. Atkinson Mem. Old Whitby 43 A garth is a fence of any kind,—earth, stones, turves, posts and rails. 1908 W. G. Collingwood Scand. Brit. 193 He made his bær, a group of buildings, in the tún, or homefield, which he manured and mowed for hay, and surrounded with a garth. 3. = fishgarth n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > fish-weir or -garth weir839 fish-weirc1000 yair1178 fishgarth1454 eel-bed1483 water frith1584 frith1602 garth1609 fish-lock1661 crawl1682 fish-yard1685 fishing-pen1791 eelery1854 fishing-weir1870 crib1873 ark1883 kiddle1891 1609 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) IV. 432/1 All & haill þe salmond fischeing..Comprehending þe garthis and pullis vnder-writtin. 1708 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) 366 Garth is..a Dam or Wear in a River for the catching of Fish, vulgarly called a Fish-Garth. 1873 Act 36 & 37 Victoria c. 71 Sched. 3 License Duties..For each..hangbaulk, garth, goryd, box, crib, or cruive £12 0. 0. Compounds C1. General attributive. garth-end n. ΚΠ 1565–73 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 226 He threatyned hir..to cast hir over the wall at hys garth end. 1720 J. Clarke Ess. Educ. Youth 25 The..Fellow..directed a Gentleman..to go by his Father's Garth-End. garth-yard n. ΚΠ 1890 ‘W. A. Wallace’ Only a Sister 78 I just stopped under the big ash-tree at the end o' the garth-yard. C2. † garth-cress n. Obsolete garden-cress (cf. Middle English toun-cresse). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > cress cressa700 town cresseOE fen-cressc1000 well-cressOE nasturtiumOE watercressc1300 garth-cress?14.. watercress?a1450 women's meadwort?a1450 garden cressa1500 peppergrass?a1500 nosewort1563 nosesmart1589 water-rocket1605 nosewort1608 well grassa1646 cresson1657 water grass1708 tongue-grass1726 poor man's pepper1738 marsh-rocket1739 passerage1879 ?14.. MS. Linc. Med. lf. 292 (Halliw.) Tak a peny-weghte of garthe cresse sede, and gyff hym at ete. garth-man n. (a) †one who owns or works a fish-garth; (b) (see quot. 1877). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > fish-keeping, farming, or breeding > [noun] > fish-farmer or -breeder garth-man1389 garther1679 pisciculturist1858 fish-breeder1860 fish-culturist1874 fish-farmer1876 mariculturist1969 1389 Act 13 Rich. II c. 19 Qe null peschour ne garthman..ne mette..en les ewes de Thamise..ascuns rees appelez stalkers. 1584 Order Sept. in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 63 No Fishermen, Garthmen, Petermen, Draymen or Trinkermen, shall..set up any Wears, Engines [etc.]. 1865 Stamford Mercury in Standard 16 Sept. A man..for 20 years garthman at Mr. Mason's, of Rigsby. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Garthman, the man who attends upon the stock in a fold-yard. † garth-spade n. Obsolete a garden-spade. ΚΠ 1573 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 242 A gavelocke, ij hacks, iij peatspades, ij flainge spades a garthspade, vij^s. garth-stead n. (see quot. 1877). ΚΠ 1515 Comp. Gild St. Mary, Boston 9 b Tenentes vnias Garthstede nuper Hugonis Madershall.] 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Garth-stead, a homestead; a stack-yard; a yard in which cattle is folded. Derivatives † garth v. Obsolete rare to enclose with a fence. ΚΠ 1483 Cath. Angl. 151/2 To Garthe, sepire, &c.; vbi to close. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). garthn.² Brit. /ɡɑːθ/, U.S. /ɡɑrθ/ Forms: Middle English garte, Middle English–1600s garthe, 1600s– garth. Etymology: Northern form of gerth (see under girth n.), < Old Norse giǫrð (feminine), girth or hoop. northern dialect. 1. A saddle-girth. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > girth wanty1297 wame-towc1310 womb ropea1325 girth1377 surcingle1390 warrok1392 garthc1425 cinglec1430 girt1563 wanty rope1569 girse1591 saddle banda1604 mail girt1607 saddle girt1613 saddle girth1635 mail-girth1673 girding1680 body girth1688 roller1688 wombtack1729 breast-girth1805 girthing1805 cinch1866 latigo1873 c1425 Thomas of Erceld. 57 Hir garthes of nobyll sylke þay were..Hir steraps were of crystalle clere. c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 665/34 Hec singula, a garthe. 1483 Cath. Angl. 151/1 A Garte of a hors (A. Garthe for A hors); singula, ventrale. 1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 32 This done, with the help of another groome that may deliuer the girthes, let the Saddle be girded on; at the first so gently that he may no more but feel the garths. 1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Garth, the strap which goes under a horse's belly to fasten the saddle to him. 2. A wooden hoop (e.g. for a barrel). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > barrel or cask > [noun] > hoop hoopa1175 tonnel-hoop1341 garth1483 girr1611 gird1612 neck-hoop1641 1424 in J. T. Fowler Memorials Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1888) III. 152 Item Thomæ Colleper pro v garthys ligneis, 5d.] 1483 Cath. Angl. 151/2 A Garthe for wesselle, cinctorium, circulus. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xliii If there be asshes in it, to sell the small asshes to coupers for garthes. 1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments 168 Besides the wearing and breaking of Garthes, and Plugs. 1623 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (rev. ed.) iii. sig. F3 Then with a small pliant Garth or Belt.. gird the hackle close to the Hiue. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 424/2 Distilling Bag..Its wide at the top and open, being kept so by an hoop or garth sowed about it. 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Garth, a hoop or band. North. 1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Garth, the rim or hoop of a barrel. 3. Girth, or measurement round about. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > thickness > [noun] > girth largeur1545 bigness1615 girth1644 girt1647 garth1684 1684 R. Howlett School Recreat. 133 The largest in the Garth is the strongest Cock. The Dimension of the Garth is thus known: Gripe the Cock about [etc.]. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Cock He should be..long from the Head to the Rump, thick in the Garth. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Garth, the bulk of the body measured by the girdle. Compounds † garth-web n. Obsolete woven material for making saddle-girths (see girth-web n.). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for girths girth-web1381 garth-web?1523 skein1566 girt-web1655 girse-web1697 girth-webbing1794 ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. vi^v A brode thonge of ledder or of garth webbe of an elne longe. 1607 G. Markham Cavelarice iv. 41 Then you shall take a peece of garthwebbe. Derivatives † garth v. Obsolete rare to fit with hoops. ΚΠ 1483 Cath. Angl. 151/2 To Garthe wesselle, circulare. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1340n.²c1425
随便看	polymethyl acrylate polymethyl methacrylate polymethylene polymetochia polymetochic polymetre polymetred polymetric polymetrical polymicrian polymicroscope polymict polymictic polymignite polymineral polymineralic polymite polymitosis polymitotic polymix polymodal polymodality polymodally polymolecular polymolecularity

garthn.1

Compounds

Derivatives

garthn.2

Compounds

Derivatives

garthn.¹

garthn.²