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gangrenen.adj. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin gangraena, gangrēna. Etymology: < classical Latin gangraena (also gangrēna, cancrēna) local necrosis, (pervasive) moral or social evil < ancient Greek γάγγραινα local necrosis, expressive reduplicated formation from the stem of γρᾶν to devour (see -gaster comb. form) + -αινα , suffix forming nouns (compare ϕαγέδαινα phagedaena n.). Compare Middle French cancrene (1492), cangrine (1586), Middle French, French gangrène, †cangrène (both late 16th cent.), Italian cancrena (14th cent.), gangrena (1598).The classical Latin form cancrēna is attested in manuscripts of authors such as Celsus and Pliny; it results from association with cancer cancer n. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > alteration of tissue > necrosis a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 293 Cancrene ben rounde vlceris þat falleþ in a mannes leggis... Cancrene..ben foule & comeþ of dedinge of þe skyn, for þe natural spiritis comen not þerto. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 27v (MED) Among þe most flegmonez is called cancrena, beyng mortificacioun of þe pacient particle. 1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo i. ii. f. 26/1 Cancrena is not taken for fleshe deade altogether, but for that whyche begynneth to putrifye by lytle, and lytle. 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner 303 It is good..for ye healing of ye wheeles of ye moutes ye men cal gangrenes (I suppose it to be yt which we call in Englishe cankers). 1573 in S. Young (1890) 317 Mr. Watson of the Towre which dyed of Gangrena in his fote. 1626 F. Bacon §333 It appeareth also in the Gangreen or Mortification of Flesh, either by Opiates, or by Intense Cold. 1697 J. Headrich 41 Add Liquor of Mummy instead of Oyl of Cheyry, so it will be in use of the Herpes, Estiomenes, and Cancrena's. 1708 (Royal Soc.) 26 43 I have so frequently found the large Trunks of the Arteries of the Thighs and Legs of Aged People petrified,..and most commonly in those who have had Gangreens in the Legs. 1740 J. Sparrow tr. B. Saviard xvi. 44 (heading) Upon a dry Gangrene [Fr. gangrene seiche]. 1769 W. Buchan ii. 596 Straining too tight might occasion an inflammation of the parts and endanger a gangrene. 1827 J. R. Coxe (ed. 7) 559 The disease here produced, might, with much propriety, be called wet gangrene. 1838 C. Thirlwall (new ed.) II. xiv. 245 A gangrene had begun in his injured limb. 1881 A. Flint (ed. 5) 52 Necrosis with decomposition..is usually called gangrene, although this term is also often applied to forms of simple necrosis. 1902 14 446 Many standard works on surgery do not mention gangreen following typhoid fever. 1949 H. W. C. Vines (ed. 17) ii. 16 Dry gangrene (mummification) is most likely to occur following obstructions of the arteries. 1994 L. de Bernières xxi. 136 Pelagia found the flesh of the foot dry, and sighed as if a burden had been lifted away; it was the moist gangrene that was worse. 2012 2 Jan. 34/1 Most of the locals do not wear shoes, and ‘gangrene is easy to form if you are diabetic and get a wound’. society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [noun] > corruption > a morbid moral condition 1588 S. Bredwell 14 I surcease to prosecute the absurdities of these assertions more curiously, as annoyed with the stench that floweth from such Gangrænes. 1602 W. Watson 41 These..men haue bespattered with a most dangerous Gangrene, the whole bodie misticall of Christ. 1612 T. James 47 Jesuitisme from a Serpigo, is become a Gangræna, it must therefore be cut of. 1655 T. Fuller i. 25 But now (alas!) the Gangrene of that Heresy began to spread it self into this Island. 1742 S. Boyse tr. W. van Haren i. 13 Deep Corruption latent Venom sheds, And threatens Ruin, as the Gangrene spreads. 1758 S. Johnson 16 Sept. 185 To the community..corruption is a gangrene. 1834 H. Martineau ii. 66 Our pauper system..the great political gangrene of England. 1896 Gladstone in 1 June 7/5 If they [sc. religious controversies] do not proceed to gangrene and to mortification, at least they tend to harden into fixed facts. 1901 16 June 5/7 Slavery in the west. The gangrene of Groperland. 1968 5 Oct. 20/7 [Orwell is] a..writer tracking down the stench of hypocrisy or the gangrene of intellectual treachery. 1998 28 May 11/2 For a black person to experience this is to be caught between..the amputation of virulent racism and the gangrene of liberal racism. Compounds1639 R. Ward i. vii. lviii. 166 France once deeply tasted of this deadly cuppe, untill ruine and confusion rent them from their head to a deeper destruction, like gangreene members they were cut off from the body Politicke. 1658 W. Sanderson 597 They petition the King, how they are deeply pierced with Gangrene-wounds of his Majesties fear to hazzard his person, in returning home to his Citie. 1715 tr. M.-C. d'Aulnoy 57 False Zealots, who cry'd out, that I was a Gangreen Member that was to be cut off from the rest of the Body. 1776 G. Allan 2 He began to be confin'd; a Gangrene Sore having attack'd the Tendons of his left Foot. 1832 10 87 The nurse of the ward..devoted himself assiduously to the care of the gangrene patients. 1897 12 92 Gangrene cases where traumatism before operation caused the necrosis. 1903 57 112 No such gangrene sore as it now presents can remain upon the body politic without vitiating the life-blood of the entire country. 1945 68 171/1 The formerly large list of ‘inoperable’ gangrene cases has ceased to exist. 2001 11 Dec. (Washington Final ed.) d5/6 With mitomycin eroding the surface of tumors and the defanged gangrene bacteria chewing away inside. 2001 T. Medina & L. R. Rivera 167 Dead as the bleached lips mister littlejohn would brush with the stories snared between his gangrene tongue and that vaseline they call bacardi. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). gangrenev. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: gangrene n. Etymology: < gangrene n. Compare French gangrener (1559 or earlier). Compare earlier gangrened adj., and compare also gangrenate v., gangrenize v. 1. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > of tissue: become diseased [verb (transitive)] > alter tissue > affect with necrosis 1597 P. Lowe vi. i. sig. S2v The blood, which is retayned, swelleth the part, and falleth among the muscles, which often doth rotte, and gangren the part. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. i. 308 The seruice of the foote Being once gangren'd, is not then respected For what before it was. View more context for this quotation 1626 F. Bacon §788 In the cold Countries, when Mens Noses and Ears are mortified, and (as it were) Gangrened with cold. 1686 J. Goad ii. xiv. 358 A Winter, which in Poland Gangreen'd the Bodies of Military Men. 1740 J. Sparrow tr. B. Saviard 128 I opened the Tumour..and from thence discharged a large Quantity of fœtid cadaverous Matter which had gangrened the Bottom of the Scrotum. 1819 P. B. Shelley ii. i. 24 When the rust Of heavy chains has gangrened his sweet limbs. 1868 P. M. Duncan tr. L. Figuier ii. 72 They have been known to reach the ball of the eye, and to gangrene the eyelids. 1902 27 356 The appendix is easily gangrened because its blood supply is cut off by pressure within its lumen. 1935 F. X. Talbot xi. 304 The salve for scurf which was applied on the ship had gangrened the wound. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > of tissue: become diseased [verb (intransitive)] > become affected by necrosis 1614 in R. F. Williams (1849) (modernized text) I. 327 He had a swelling in the thigh, which..grew so angry, that it gangrened and made an end of him. 1671 J. Milton 621 Wounds immedicable Ranckle, and fester, and gangrene, To black mortification. View more context for this quotation 1705 tr. W. Bosman viii. 110 The Wound Gangrenes, and at best turns to a running, which continues the whole Life. 1794 I. 147 Notwithstanding the queen's breast gangreened, and she died. 1849 29 Oct. 1045/1 In consequence of a boy's hoop having been driven against his shins, his legs had almost gangrened. 1870 22 Sept. Such was the predisposition to disease that the slightest wound gangrened and became incurable. 1922 May 117/1 His foot had gangreened, and only the star in which he had trusted had saved it from amputation. 1947 F. C. Lane vii. 50 A human limb slowly gangrening from restricted circulation. 2005 N. Moustaki v. xvii. 282 The toe will gangrene and fall off. 2. figurative and in figurative contexts. society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degenerate [verb (intransitive)] > become corrupt 1618 Sir R. Naunton in S. R. Gardiner (1871) 74 The divisions and rentes which they plotted betwene the Protestantes doe now begin to gangren amonge themselves. 1734 ‘Philathes’ iii. i. 52 To fret these lords, Nay, still to gull 'em 'till their sore gangreens. 1826 A. M. Porter II. 43 ‘I dare say we are,’ quietly answered Mrs. Shafto, her heart gangrening the while. 1889 E. P. Powell 49 Real life is always joy; but when the soul gangrenes it suffers as the body does when any part of it is diseased. 1921 May 21/1 Bitterly had Mosher stood in the fore of that court-room, thumbing his hat, his heart gangrening. 2007 V. Jewiss tr. R. Saviano ii. 180 Civil rights are gangrening and the social structure is falling to pieces. society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > corrupt 1658 C. Gilbert 63 Is it [sc. our conscience] not benum'd, deaded and gangrened by self-love and corrupt Opinions. a1673 G. Swinnock in C. H. Spurgeon (1886) VII. Ps. cxli. 5 When he had by sin, and continuance in it, so gangrened his flesh, and corrupted himself. 1754 J. Elphinston tr. F. de S. de la Mothe-Fénelon I. 101 It has gangrened the bottom of his heart. 1803 tr. F. de B. d'Arnaud II. 120 I have..sworn that avarice had not gangreened your soul to the degree report had spread abroad. 1886 2 June 1/1 He is said to be free from that intense personal feeling which gangrenes our politics. 1916 Oct. 534 The horrid evil of infanticide then gangrening the social body had to be checked. 2005 J. Wouters & C. Ryngaert in D. Curtin & R. A. Wessel 103 They prevent them from spreading and gangrening the entire governance structure of the organization. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.adj.a1400 v.1597 |
