Gadarenen.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɡadəriːn/,

/ˌɡadəˈriːn/, U.S.

/ˈɡædəˌrin/,

/ˌɡædəˈrin/

Forms: 1600s Gadaren, 1600s– Gadarene.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Gadarenus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin Gadarenus (13th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek Γαδαρηνός inhabitant of Gadara < Γάδαρα Gadara ( < post-biblical Hebrew Gadēr ), the name of a town of ancient Palestine near the Sea of Galilee + -ηνός -ene suffix.The ruins of Gadara are situated close to the modern town of Umm Qais in Jordan. With use as adjective compare Gadarean adj.

A. n.

A native or inhabitant of Gadara, a town in ancient Palestine near the Sea of Galilee.Chiefly in the context of, or with allusion to, the story of the Gadarene swine related in Matthew 8:28–34, in which Jesus cures two men possessed by demons by allowing the spirits to enter a herd of pigs, which rush down a steep hillside and drown in the water below. The people of Gadara subsequently ask Jesus to leave.The story also appears in Mark 5:1–17, and Luke 8:26–37, with the majority of versions reading Gerasenes, locating the events in the territory of Gerasa.In quot. 1620 used allusively to denote a person with the materialistic character attributed to the inhabitants of Gadara in the biblical story.

ΚΠ

1539 Bible (Taverner) Luke viii. F All y^e multitude of the Gadarenes [Mark v. A Gaderenites, Matthew viii. D Gergesytes], besoughte him that he wolde departe frome them.

1581 A. Fleming Diamond of Deuotion x. 67 It is so far vnlike, that anie of vs should be a Samaritane, that we shew and proue our selues rather to be Gadarens, vpon whome the common prouerbe is iustlie verefied.

1611 Bible (King James) Luke viii. 26 They arriued at the countrey of the Gadarenes.

1620 J. Abernethy Dignity & Duty Christian 11 An Atheist, an Epicure, an Impenitent, a swinish and worldly Gadarene..is not Christs.

1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Life in Wks. 995 He..set Fire to the Habitations of the Hippenians and Gadarenes, about Tiberias and Scythopolis.

1792 St. James's Chron. 8 Dec. The Gadarenes, terrifyed by the miraculous destruction of their swine, entreated him to leave their coasts.

1836 Liberator 16 Jan. 9/5 Like the unhappy Gadarene possessed with an unclean spirit, you have made your dwelling among the tombs.

1857 Christian Witness 14 348/2 The feeling in the hearts of the Gadarenes was that of selfish worldliness; they were afraid they would lose more swine if Jesus stayed with them.

1931 Classical Weekly 26 Oct. 26/2 Of the Gadarenes who are known to have influenced western literature the first in point of time..is Menippus, who lived in the early part of the third century B.C.

2004 Times 15 Oct. 35/6 The means-test makes it economically mad, as the devils that entered into the swine of the Gadarenes for ‘ordinary’ people to save.

B. adj.

a. Of swine (with reference to Matthew 8:28–34; see note at sense A.): from Gadara. Later frequently used allusively to designate people (or occasionally a person) willing to follow others unquestioningly.

ΚΠ

1614 D. Dyke Myst. Selfe-deceiuing 360 As once he did those Gadaren swine, he may carrie thee headlong into the filthy, and miry sea of thine owne fleshlinesse.

1631 J. Ball Treat. Faith 304 A legion of Deuils could not enter into a Gadarene Hogge, till Christ had giuen them leaue.

1723 C. Mather Pure Nazarite 7 The Glorious Lord now permits a Devil, not unlike those who entred into the Gadaren Swine, to enter into him.

1865 T. Carlyle in John Bull 20 May 316/2 Your voices, your most sweet voices; ye melodious torrents of Gadarene swine galloping rapidly down steep places—I, for one know whither.

1891 T. H. Huxley in Nineteenth Cent. Mar. 465 Some time ago..I met with the remark that, at our time of life, Mr. Gladstone and I might be better occupied than in fighting over the Gadarene pigs.

1899 R. Kipling Stalky & Co. 210 ‘This man,’ said M'Turk, with conviction, ‘is the Gadarene Swine.’

1969 Times 20 May 7/4 The Government had lost control and were charging downhill like a herd of Gadarene piglets.

1992 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 1 May 16 On motorways, under all conditions, a Gadarene swine practice is normal.

2003 M. Kelsall Literary Representations of Irish Country House iii. 101 It is his refusal to join the gadarene herd..swilling at the trough of the Union that leaves him without any financial lifeline.

b. Of a rush, flight, etc.: precipitate; headlong.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adjective] > moving with impetuous speed or headlong

ranka1250

whirling1382

hurlingc1400

whithering1513

headling?1518

vehement1528

heady1562

headlongc1565

precipitant1649

precipitate1654

torrent1667

precipitous1681

tearing1765

torrentuous1840

whirlwind1865

torrential1877

Gadarene1895

rocketing1952

1895 Truth 11 Apr. 905/2 La bête est lachée, and a Gadarene rush is made down a steep place.

1945 L. Mumford in Archit. Rev. 97 6/1 Centres like New York..will descend with Gadarene swiftness into the abyss.

1965 Norwalk (Ohio) Reflector 18 Sept. 4/2 It is not difficult to understand a Gadarene flight toward self-destruction.

2009 Times 12 Feb. (Opinion section) 26/4 The great credit bubble of the early 21st century was caused by a Gadarene rush of individual minds, to follow the judgment of the herd.

2. Of a person: originating in or inhabiting Gadara; (of a place) in the vicinity of Gadara.Chiefly in the context of the story of the Gadarene swine related in Matthew 8:28–34 (see note at sense A.).

ΚΠ

1652 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World iii. iii. in Great Mysterie of Godliness 280 Those Devils..are fain to sue for leave to enter into swine, neither had obtained it..but for a just punishment to those Gadarene owners.

a1675 J. Lightfoot Wks. (1684) II. 69 It was very near the Gadarene Country.

1729 Z. Pearce Miracles of Jesus Vindicated: Pt. 2 28 I have shewn it probable, that the Gadarene Jews might keep Swine for the Use of their Gentile Neighbours.

1853 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) Aug. 379 The inquiry of the devils who had possession of the Gadarene demoniacs, implies their pre-acquaintance with the Son of God.

1863 W. Houghton in W. Smith Dict. Bible III. 1393/2 If these Gadarene villagers were Jews and owned the swine; they were rightly punished by the loss of that which they ought not to have had at all.

a1906 H. Rix Tent & Test. (1907) xxiii. 136 Above this wall are ten more rows of seats for the rank and file of the Gadarene men.

1999 I. Gillman & H.-J. Klimkeit Christians in Asia before 1500 (2006) i. 2 Nothing in the New Testament readings..has spurred Western Christians to think further east than the River Jordan and the Gadarene area of the Decapolis.

Derivatives

† Gadarene-wise adv. Obsolete rare in the manner of the Gadarene swine (see note at sense A.).

ΚΠ

a1930 D. H. Lawrence Phoenix (1936) v. 600 A vast mob which may at any moment start to bolt down to the precipice Gadarene-wise.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gadarene
释义	Gadarenen.adj. Brit. /ˈɡadəriːn/, /ˌɡadəˈriːn/, U.S. /ˈɡædəˌrin/, /ˌɡædəˈrin/ Forms: 1600s Gadaren, 1600s– Gadarene. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Gadarenus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin Gadarenus (13th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek Γαδαρηνός inhabitant of Gadara < Γάδαρα Gadara ( < post-biblical Hebrew Gadēr ), the name of a town of ancient Palestine near the Sea of Galilee + -ηνός -ene suffix.The ruins of Gadara are situated close to the modern town of Umm Qais in Jordan. With use as adjective compare Gadarean adj. A. n. A native or inhabitant of Gadara, a town in ancient Palestine near the Sea of Galilee.Chiefly in the context of, or with allusion to, the story of the Gadarene swine related in Matthew 8:28–34, in which Jesus cures two men possessed by demons by allowing the spirits to enter a herd of pigs, which rush down a steep hillside and drown in the water below. The people of Gadara subsequently ask Jesus to leave.The story also appears in Mark 5:1–17, and Luke 8:26–37, with the majority of versions reading Gerasenes, locating the events in the territory of Gerasa.In quot. 1620 used allusively to denote a person with the materialistic character attributed to the inhabitants of Gadara in the biblical story. ΚΠ 1539 Bible (Taverner) Luke viii. F All y^e multitude of the Gadarenes [Mark v. A Gaderenites, Matthew viii. D Gergesytes], besoughte him that he wolde departe frome them. 1581 A. Fleming Diamond of Deuotion x. 67 It is so far vnlike, that anie of vs should be a Samaritane, that we shew and proue our selues rather to be Gadarens, vpon whome the common prouerbe is iustlie verefied. 1611 Bible (King James) Luke viii. 26 They arriued at the countrey of the Gadarenes. 1620 J. Abernethy Dignity & Duty Christian 11 An Atheist, an Epicure, an Impenitent, a swinish and worldly Gadarene..is not Christs. 1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Life in Wks. 995 He..set Fire to the Habitations of the Hippenians and Gadarenes, about Tiberias and Scythopolis. 1792 St. James's Chron. 8 Dec. The Gadarenes, terrifyed by the miraculous destruction of their swine, entreated him to leave their coasts. 1836 Liberator 16 Jan. 9/5 Like the unhappy Gadarene possessed with an unclean spirit, you have made your dwelling among the tombs. 1857 Christian Witness 14 348/2 The feeling in the hearts of the Gadarenes was that of selfish worldliness; they were afraid they would lose more swine if Jesus stayed with them. 1931 Classical Weekly 26 Oct. 26/2 Of the Gadarenes who are known to have influenced western literature the first in point of time..is Menippus, who lived in the early part of the third century B.C. 2004 Times 15 Oct. 35/6 The means-test makes it economically mad, as the devils that entered into the swine of the Gadarenes for ‘ordinary’ people to save. B. adj. 1. a. Of swine (with reference to Matthew 8:28–34; see note at sense A.): from Gadara. Later frequently used allusively to designate people (or occasionally a person) willing to follow others unquestioningly. ΚΠ 1614 D. Dyke Myst. Selfe-deceiuing 360 As once he did those Gadaren swine, he may carrie thee headlong into the filthy, and miry sea of thine owne fleshlinesse. 1631 J. Ball Treat. Faith 304 A legion of Deuils could not enter into a Gadarene Hogge, till Christ had giuen them leaue. 1723 C. Mather Pure Nazarite 7 The Glorious Lord now permits a Devil, not unlike those who entred into the Gadaren Swine, to enter into him. 1865 T. Carlyle in John Bull 20 May 316/2 Your voices, your most sweet voices; ye melodious torrents of Gadarene swine galloping rapidly down steep places—I, for one know whither. 1891 T. H. Huxley in Nineteenth Cent. Mar. 465 Some time ago..I met with the remark that, at our time of life, Mr. Gladstone and I might be better occupied than in fighting over the Gadarene pigs. 1899 R. Kipling Stalky & Co. 210 ‘This man,’ said M'Turk, with conviction, ‘is the Gadarene Swine.’ 1969 Times 20 May 7/4 The Government had lost control and were charging downhill like a herd of Gadarene piglets. 1992 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 1 May 16 On motorways, under all conditions, a Gadarene swine practice is normal. 2003 M. Kelsall Literary Representations of Irish Country House iii. 101 It is his refusal to join the gadarene herd..swilling at the trough of the Union that leaves him without any financial lifeline. b. Of a rush, flight, etc.: precipitate; headlong. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [adjective] > moving with impetuous speed or headlong ranka1250 whirling1382 hurlingc1400 whithering1513 headling?1518 vehement1528 heady1562 headlongc1565 precipitant1649 precipitate1654 torrent1667 precipitous1681 tearing1765 torrentuous1840 whirlwind1865 torrential1877 Gadarene1895 rocketing1952 1895 Truth 11 Apr. 905/2 La bête est lachée, and a Gadarene rush is made down a steep place. 1945 L. Mumford in Archit. Rev. 97 6/1 Centres like New York..will descend with Gadarene swiftness into the abyss. 1965 Norwalk (Ohio) Reflector 18 Sept. 4/2 It is not difficult to understand a Gadarene flight toward self-destruction. 2009 Times 12 Feb. (Opinion section) 26/4 The great credit bubble of the early 21st century was caused by a Gadarene rush of individual minds, to follow the judgment of the herd. 2. Of a person: originating in or inhabiting Gadara; (of a place) in the vicinity of Gadara.Chiefly in the context of the story of the Gadarene swine related in Matthew 8:28–34 (see note at sense A.). ΚΠ 1652 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World iii. iii. in Great Mysterie of Godliness 280 Those Devils..are fain to sue for leave to enter into swine, neither had obtained it..but for a just punishment to those Gadarene owners. a1675 J. Lightfoot Wks. (1684) II. 69 It was very near the Gadarene Country. 1729 Z. Pearce Miracles of Jesus Vindicated: Pt. 2 28 I have shewn it probable, that the Gadarene Jews might keep Swine for the Use of their Gentile Neighbours. 1853 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) Aug. 379 The inquiry of the devils who had possession of the Gadarene demoniacs, implies their pre-acquaintance with the Son of God. 1863 W. Houghton in W. Smith Dict. Bible III. 1393/2 If these Gadarene villagers were Jews and owned the swine; they were rightly punished by the loss of that which they ought not to have had at all. a1906 H. Rix Tent & Test. (1907) xxiii. 136 Above this wall are ten more rows of seats for the rank and file of the Gadarene men. 1999 I. Gillman & H.-J. Klimkeit Christians in Asia before 1500 (2006) i. 2 Nothing in the New Testament readings..has spurred Western Christians to think further east than the River Jordan and the Gadarene area of the Decapolis. Derivatives † Gadarene-wise adv. Obsolete rare in the manner of the Gadarene swine (see note at sense A.). ΚΠ a1930 D. H. Lawrence Phoenix (1936) v. 600 A vast mob which may at any moment start to bolt down to the precipice Gadarene-wise. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1539
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