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单词 garnish
释义

garnishn.

Brit. /ˈɡɑːnɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈɡɑrnɪʃ/
Forms: Middle English garnyssh, garniche, garnes, Middle English–1500s garnysche ( -nysshe), -nesh, 1500s garnesshe, garnyshe, garnishe, Middle English– garnish.
Etymology: < garnish v.
†1. A set of vessels for table use, esp. of pewter (see quot. 1587). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels
vessel1340
garnish1418
cupboarda1529
trifle1610
trencheringa1616
1418 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 3 Item assigno eidem Ricardo..dimidium garnyssh de vas' peutr'.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 187/2 Garnysche of vesselle (K. garniche), garnitum.
1464 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 273 Item, the same day payd for a di . a garnyshe of vessellys, viij.s. iiij.d.
c1530 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) II. 287 Item deliveryd oone garnysshe of silvar vessell.
1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1878) iii. xi. ii. 72 Such furniture of houshold of this mettall [pewter], as we commonlie call by the name of vessell, is sold vsuallie by the garnish, which doeth conteine twelue platters, twelue dishes, twelue saucers.
1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 17 For one garnish of peuter 3l. os. od.
†2. Outfit, dress. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun]
clothesc888
hattersOE
shroudc1000
weedOE
shrouda1122
clothc1175
hatteringa1200
atourc1220
back-clout?c1225
habit?c1225
clothingc1275
cleadinga1300
dubbinga1300
shroudinga1300
attirec1300
coverturec1300
suitc1325
apparel1330
buskingc1330
farec1330
harness1340
tire1340
backs1341
geara1350
apparelmentc1374
attiringa1375
vesturec1385
heelinga1387
vestmentc1386
arraya1400
graitha1400
livery1399
tirementa1400
warnementa1400
arrayment1400
parelc1400
werlec1400
raiment?a1425
robinga1450
rayc1450
implements1454
willokc1460
habiliment1470
emparelc1475
atourement1481
indumenta1513
reparel1521
wearing gear1542
revesture1548
claesc1550
case1559
attirement1566
furniture1566
investuring1566
apparelling1567
dud1567
hilback1573
wear1576
dress1586
enfolding1586
caparison1589
plight1590
address1592
ward-ware1598
garnish1600
investments1600
ditement1603
dressing1603
waith1603
thing1605
vestry1606
garb1608
outwall1608
accoutrementa1610
wearing apparel1617
coutrement1621
vestament1632
vestiment1637
equipage1645
cask1646
aguise1647
back-timbera1656
investiture1660
rigging1664
drapery1686
vest1694
plumage1707
bussingc1712
hull1718
paraphernalia1736
togs1779
body clothing1802
slough1808
toggery1812
traps1813
garniture1827
body-clothes1828
garmenture1832
costume1838
fig1839
outfit1840
vestiture1841
outer womana1845
outward man1846
vestiary1846
rag1855
drag1870
clo'1874
parapherna1876
clobber1879
threads1926
mocker1939
schmatte1959
vine1959
kit1989
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. vi. 45 Ies. I should be obscurd. Lor. So you are sweet euen in the louely garnish of a boy. View more context for this quotation
3.
a. Embellishment or decoration in general. Also concrete an ornament, ornamental appendage. literal and figurative. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > [noun] > ornamentation or decoration
atiffement1330
agraithing1340
apparela1375
anornamenta1382
adubmentc1400
dubmentc1400
anourement?1403
honourment1442
honestnessa1450
quaintisingc1450
ornaturea1475
adorning1495
furnish1500
accomplement?c1525
decking1531
habilimenta1533
parelc1540
exornation1548
garnishment1550
attirement1566
beautifyings1574
pranking1580
trinklement1582
decoration1584
decorement1587
trapping1596
trim1598
garnish1615
vinetry1622
polition1623
trickmenta1625
deckage1642
decor1656
garniture1685
buskrya1687
ornamentation1706
broidery1782
dizenment1864
necking1946
fanciness1961
1615 G. Markham Eng. House-wife (1668) ii. i. 3 Adorn the person altogether without toyish garnishes, or the gloss of light colours.
1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 383 No man being so presumptuously wicked, as not to put on some garnish and dress of virtue to impose on the world.
1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 48 Unsullied from all artificial garnish.
1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) Garnishes of Doors, Gates, or Porches, Les Ornemens, les embellissemens, les Fleurons, d'une Porte.
a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Relig. (1709) 167 I am so much taken with the garnish and seeming beauty of this World's Vanities.
†b. Trimming for articles of dress; some particular material used for this purpose. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > trimmings or ornamentation
pertinencea1513
garnish1527
trapping1596
trimming1625
trim1665
garniture1668
trimmage1693
fixing1820
fakement1843
doings1847
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for trimmings
garnish1527
ruffling1680
pocketing1785
flouncing1865
1527 in Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) 17 I beqweth..to the parson of Sanct Michaells my garnech sarsnet typett.
c1540 Churchwardens' Accts. St. Dunstan's, Canterb. Item v yardys and di of garnysshe xiij d ob.
4.
a. Things placed round or added to a dish to improve its appearance at table; also figurative of literary ‘dishes’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > garnish > [noun]
garnish1673
fixing1820
topping1926
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [noun] > embellishment
ornatinga1492
colouring1509
gilding1647
garniture1725
emblazonrya1807
garnish1825
fancification1937
1673 R. Leigh Transproser Rehears'd 30 Your Text is all Margent, and not only all your Dishes, but your Garnish too is Pork.
1734 I. Watts Reliquiæ Juveniles (1789) 217 While the garnish of some [dishes] was profusely rich and gay, that of others was very coarse and poor.
1764 T. Harmer Observ. Passages Script. vii. iv. 147 The parched Cicers..are strewed singly, as a garnish, over other dishes.
1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 223 In a book of Aphorisms..the Sauce and the Garnish are to occupy the greater part of the Dish.
1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 57 The roots [of beet]..form a beautiful garnish, and are very much used as a pickle.
1883 Christian World 28 Dec. 909/4 His highly-seasoned polemics, set out with such a garnish of misrepresentation.
†b. ? Side-dishes; also attributive. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > [noun] > dish > side-dish
entremet1477
by-dish1599
garnisha1640
side dish1702
side plate1714
side1847
banchan1938
side salad1940
a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage ii. iv, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Bbbbbbbb2v/2 Portly meat, Bearing substantiall stuffe, and fit for hunger: I do beseech ye hostesse first, then some light garnish, Two pheasants in a dish.
1641 Ovatio Carolina 18 At the South end whereof (two yards distance from the Table), was a Table of Garnish, of three yards square.
1641 Ovatio Carolina 19 Brawne, fishe, and cold baked meats, planted upon the Garnish or Side Table.
5.
a. slang. Money extorted from a new prisoner, either as a jailer's fee, or as drink-money for the other prisoners (abolished by 4 Geo. IV. c. 43, §12). Obsolete exc. Historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > extorted from prisoners or workers
garnish1592
garnish-moneya1637
smart money1834
1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. E2v Let a poore man but be arrested..hee shall be almost at an angels charge, what with garnish, crossing and wiping out of the boke,..extortions..not allowed by any statute.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Norf. 248 When such prisoners have paid the Bailiffs Fees and Garnish.
1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub vi. 133 Like a Fresh Tenant of Newgate, when he has refused the Payment of Garnish.
1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera ii. vii. 27 [Gaoler, to a prisoner] You know the custom, Sir. Garnish, Captain, Garnish.
1752 Gentleman's Mag. 22 239/2 The Sheriffs..have ordered that no debtor in going into any of the goals of London and Middlesex, shall for the future, pay any garnish.
1823 W. Scott Peveril III. x. 259 Then the Master's side—the garnish came to one piece.
b. A similar payment among workmen; also maiden-garnish.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > entrance fee > for joining society, guild, or group
Hanse1200
ingress1607
footing1692
livery fine1701
garnish1759
chummage1777
1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 3 Nov. 139 There are numberless faulty expences among the workmen; clubs, garnishes, freedoms, and such like impositions.
1859 J. D. Burn Autobiogr. Beggar Boy (ed. 4) 144 The gold old fuddling times of short turns, maiden garnishes, and a hundred other little imposts.
1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) Garnish, footing-money.—Yorkshire.
1896 Daily News 28 Feb. 5/4 A fine of four gallons [of beer] is called a ‘garnish’, and when a man finds his first lot of work..he pays his ‘maiden garnish’.
6. Prison slang. Fetters.[Perhaps a misapprehension. The passage quoted above (sense 5) from Gay Beggars' Opera is followed by the words ‘Hand down those fetters’. This may have led Johnson to assign a wrong meaning to the word.]
ΚΠ
1755 in S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang.
1893 in J. S. Farmer Slang

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
garnish-tinselled adj.
ΚΠ
1801 M. Edgeworth Angelina i, in Moral Tales II. 11 The garnish-tinselled wand of Fashion has waved in vain.
C2.
garnish-bolt n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > bolt > types of
round bolt1582
ringbolt1599
pikebolt1622
rag bolt1625
set-bolt1627
clinch-bolta1642
eyebolt1649
clinch1659
screw-bolt1690
king bolt1740
wrain-bolt1750
wraining-bolt1769
toggle-bolt1794
strap-bolt1795
wring-bolt1815
through-bolt1821
truss-bolt1825
slip-stopper1831
stud bolt1838
anchor bolt1839
king rod1843
joint bolt1844
spade-bolt1850
shackle-bolt1852
roof bolt1853
set-stud1855
coach bolt1869
truss-rod1873
fox-bolt1874
garnish-bolt1874
fang-bolt1876
stud1878
U bolta1884
rock bolt1887
hook bolt1899
tower bolt1911
explosive bolt1948
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 943/1 Garnish-bolt (Building), a bolt having a chamfered or faceted head.
garnish-money n. (= sense 5).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > extorted from prisoners or workers
garnish1592
garnish-moneya1637
smart money1834
a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady v. viii. 42 in Wks. (1640) III You are content with the ten thousand pound, Defalking the foure hundred garnish money.
c1660 in J. Brown Bunyan viii. 182 Five shillings for sheets, five shillings for garnish money.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Garnish-money, what is customarily spent amongst the Prisoners at first coming in.
1725 in New Canting Dict.
garnish-nail n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Garnish-nails, diamond headed nails, formerly used to ornament artillery carriages.
garnish-plate n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1872–6 G. E. Voyle Mil. Dict. Garnish-plate, that part of the iron work of the O. P. gun carriage which covers the upper surface of the brackets.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

garnishv.

Brit. /ˈɡɑːnɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈɡɑrnɪʃ/
Forms: Past tense and past participle garnished /-nɪʃt/. Forms: Middle English garnesche, Middle English garnesshe, garnysche, Middle English–1500s garnisshe, garnysshe, 1500s garnysh(e, garnishe, 1500s– garnish. In past tense and past participle Middle English garnyst, Middle English garnest, garnisett, garnized, garnyssed, Middle English–1500s Scottish garnist, garnisit, garnissed.
Etymology: < Old French garniss- lengthened stem of garnir, guarnir, warnir to fortify, defend (oneself), provide, prepare (modern French garnir to furnish) = Provençal garnir, Old Spanish guarnir (modern Spanish guarnecer), Italian guarnire, guernire, medieval Latin g(u)arnire. The Old French garnir had also the sense ‘to warn’. The form of the Romance verb points to adoption from a Germanic *warnjan , probably not identical with the verb of this type meaning ‘to ward off, prevent, refuse’ (see warn v.2), but related to the Old Germanic verbs *warnêjan , *warnôjan (? originally intransitive with the sense ‘to become aware’), represented by Old High German warnên , warnôn , (reflexive) to guard oneself, provide oneself (Middle High German warnen , transitive, to protect, guard, modern German warnen to warn), Old English warnian reflexive, to take warning, beware (Middle English wernen transitive = warn v.1); the causative sense ‘to make aware, warn’, appears in late Middle High German and Middle English (also in Middle Dutch waernen). These verbs are cognate with Old High German (fure) warna precaution, preparation (Middle High German warne provision), of which the verb adopted in Romance may be a derivative.
I. To furnish, equip.
†1. transitive. To furnish (a place) with means of defence; to garrison; to supply with men, arms, and provisions. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything
feather?c1225
serve?c1225
astore1297
purveya1325
purveyc1325
warnishc1330
supply1384
bego1393
garnish?a1400
stuff14..
instore1432
relievec1480
providec1485
appurvey1487
support?1507
furnishc1515
repair1518
supply1529
speed1531
help (a person) to (also with)1569
sort1598
suffice1600
enduea1616
starta1640
employ1690
find1713
to fix out1725
issue1737
service1969
society > armed hostility > defence > defend [verb (transitive)] > garrison
set971
bemanc1175
ward1340
garnish?a1400
stuffc1400
fortify1470
force1535
garrison1569
garnison1583
garrisonize1657
?a1400 Morte Arth. 563 There salle appone Godarde a garette be rerede, That schalle be garneschte and kepyde with gude mene of armes.
1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. kvv/2 Panpylonne whyche was ryght stronge of murayl and towres, & garnysshed wyth sarasyns.
c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. i. f. 81/1 Sic thyngis done he garnist al the strenthis of Britane with men, munitionis & vittallis.
1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 474/1 in Chron. I The Erle of Derby..should repayre to the West borders to garnishe the same for defence agaynst the enimies.
1786 European Mag. 9 184 If on the right he garnishes his force, His left is threatened by the Prussian horse.
1845 G. P. R. James Smuggler III. 280 Go into the church; and garnish the windows with marksmen.]
†2.
a. To equip or arm (oneself); in past participle, equipped, armed. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > arming or equipping with weapons > arm or equip [verb (transitive)]
weaponc1000
aturnc1220
armc1275
atil1297
attire1297
enarmc1320
apparelc1325
tirec1330
garnish?a1400
stuff?a1400
gearc1400
relieve1487
to set forthc1515
to arm out1533
munition1579
?a1400 Morte Arth. 722 Galyarde knyghtes Garneschit one the grene felde and graythelyche arayede.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) lv. 96 Solyman had sente them in to the cyte ffor to garnysshe them & make them redy.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 13 The Romanis than sic prattik had in weir, And als tha war so garnist in thair geir.
1552 H. Latimer Fruitf. Serm. (1584) 318 b When the Deuill commeth, and findeth the heart of man not weaponed nor garnished with the word of God.
c1750 W. Shenstone Elegies xxiii. 21 See, garnish'd for the chase, the fraudful maid.
†b. passive. To be furnished with a retinue; to be attended or accompanied. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > service > servant > retainer or follower > be a retainer or follower of [verb (transitive)] > be provided with (retinue)
garnish1477
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 41 The fayr Myrro cam than to mete with Iason garnisshed with a gracious maintene.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxvii. f. liiiiv He doubted how he was garnysshed of his Meyneyall seruauntis.
1602 S. Patrick tr. I. Gentillet Disc. Wel Governing 33 Whence commeth it that yet Princes are well attended on and garnished with flatterers.
†3. To dress, clothe, esp. in an elegant fashion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > dress up or dress elaborately
disguisec1325
quaintisea1333
guisea1400
to dress up?a1513
deck?1521
garnisha1535
trim1594
gallant1614
sprug1622
dizena1625
to dress out1649
bedizen1661
rig1723
trim1756
bedress1821
gaudy1838
buck up1854
garb1868
clobber1887
mum1890
to do up1897
dude1899
toff1914
lair1941
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) iii. viii. sig. O.iiiiv It maketh vs..goe muche more gaye and glorious in sight, garnished with silke.
1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. xii. f. 34 Ephestion..repaired to his garden, with garmentes to garnish hym like a kyng.
4.
a. To fit out with anything that adorns or beautifies; to decorate, ornament, or embellish (with, rarely †of). †Also to garnish out. Now somewhat rhetorical; sometimes with allusion to Matthew xii. 44.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament
dightc1200
begoa1225
fay?c1225
rustc1275
duba1300
shrouda1300
adorna1325
flourishc1325
apparel1366
depaintc1374
dressa1375
raila1375
anorna1382
orna1382
honourc1390
paintc1390
pare1393
garnisha1400
mensk?a1400
apykec1400
hightlec1400
overfretc1440
exornc1450
embroider1460
repair1484
empare1490
ornate1490
bedo?a1500
purfle?a1500
glorify?1504
betrap1509
broider1509
deck?1521
likelya1522
to set forth1530
exornate1539
grace1548
adornate1550
fardc1550
gaud1554
pink1558
bedeck1559
tight1572
begaud1579
embellish1579
bepounce1582
parela1586
flower1587
ornify1590
illustrate1592
tinsel1594
formalize1595
adore1596
suborn1596
trapper1597
condecorate1599
diamondize1600
furnish1600
enrich1601
mense1602
prank1605
overgreen1609
crown1611
enjewel1611
broocha1616
varnish1641
ornament1650
array1652
bedub1657
bespangle1675
irradiate1717
gem1747
begem1749
redeck1771
blazon1813
aggrace1825
diamond1839
panoply1851
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament > trim or deck out
perfurnish1375
enflourish?a1400
varnish14..
perform1420
to pick outc1429
polish?1440
trimc1516
to set out1523
trick?1532
face1542
trick1545
prank1546
tricka1555
bawdefy1562
tickle1567
prink1573
finify1586
deck1587
decore1603
betrima1616
fangle1615
beprank1648
prim1688
to garnish outa1704
decorate1782
to do off1794
dizen1807
tricolatea1825
fal-lal1845
a1400–50 Alexander 1533 An abite..þat was garnest full gay with golden skirtis.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1277 Þe gredirne & þe goblotes garnyst of syluer.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxi. 76 The nauye..whiche they haue garnyshed wyth floures, and garlandes.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. iv. f. vi Garnysshed with many fayre Ryuers & stremes.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xii. f. xvij When he is come, he fyndeth the housse empty and swepte, and garnisshed [Gk. κεκοσμημένον].
1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xiii. i. 252 Curious peeces of work, wherewith to garnish his building.
1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iii. §2. 54 As the outward heavens were garnished with Starres.
a1704 T. Brown 1st Satyr Persius Imitated in Wks. (1707) I. i. 75 I, who never..with Sir Courtly, Roundelays Have made to garnish out new Plays.
1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. iv. 65 An under tunic of dark purple silk, garnished with furs.
1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) x. §464 The coral islands, reefs, beds, and atolls with which the Pacific Ocean is studded and garnished.
1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter II. 15 The kitchen was newly swept and garnished.
b. The past participle sometimes occurs for: Furnished or fitted with (accessories).[Partly a Gallicism, garnir being used in the wider sense of furnish v.; but in English there is now almost always a reference to appearance rather than to utility.]
ΚΠ
1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 94 Shutters..garnished without with battens.
1777 J. Cook Voy. S. Pole I. i. xiii. 175 The table was garnished round with hot bread-fruit, and plantains, and a quantity of cocoa-nuts brought for drink.
1837 B. Disraeli Venetia I. 16 Several small rooms, scantily garnished with very ancient furniture.
1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. i. 18 A pedlar's basket, garnished..with small woman's-ware, such as thread and pins.
5. To decorate (a dish) for the table.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (transitive)]
stick1381
flourish?c1390
arma1425
stick1530
begarnish1647
garnish1693
flambé1951
1693 W. Bowles tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires v. 77 With what Expense and Art, how richly drest! Garnish'd with 'Sparagus, himself a Feast!
1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 100 Garnish with slic'd Orange and curl'd Bacon or Ham fry'd.
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 17 Garnish the Dish with Lemon, and send it to Table.
1886 M. F. Sheldon tr. G. Flaubert Salammbô 4 Roasted antelopes, garnished with their horns.
†6. To adorn with any property or quality (chiefly reflexive or passive). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > endow with qualities or attributes
girdc1000
enfortunec1374
due1395
endowa1420
endue1447
garnishc1450
invest1590
clothe1611
c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 883 Werkes vertuouse Be whilk garnyst hire lif this virgine gloriouse.
1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xiv. 48 By the right grete vertue wherof he was garnysshed.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxviii. sig. i vi Consailours garnisshed with lernyng and also experience.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1126/1 Let him finallie be garnished with the comelinesse of all vertuous conditions.
†7. transitive. Of trees: To cover (a wall, etc.). Also absol. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > characterized by habit > grow in a specific manner [verb (transitive)] > cover or spread over
garnish1693
1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Dict. in Compl. Gard'ner sig. Aivv To Garnish well, is said of Wall, or any pallisaded Trees, when they spread well, and cover the Wall or Trelliss on all sides.
1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner i. i. iii. 7 The Walls being Twelve Foot high or more, you must always let one Tree shoot up to garnish the Top, between two that shall garnish the Bottom. [Fr. pour garnir le haut, entre deux qui garniront le bas.]
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 43 The Palisades, or Trees on the Sides, coming to garnish and grow thicker, will in Time possess two Foot of a Side.
8. slang. To fit with fetters.
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1755 in S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang.
1893 in J. S. Farmer Slang
II. Law. To warn. (Cf. Sc. warnis = warn.)
9. transitive.
a. To serve notice on (a person), for the purpose of attaching money belonging to a debtor.
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society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve notice on for attaching money
garnish1589
factorize1848
1589 Sir T. Smith's Common-welth (rev. ed.) ii. xiv. 76 The sherifes order in seruing this writte, is to goe..to the land, and there to garnish the partie by sticking vp a sticke on his land.
1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 13 Nov. 5 It will be a miracle if no one finds out who the trustee is; and as soon as his name is known he will be garnished to a certainty.
b. To serve (a person) with notice of certain payments to be made before he can be legally returned as an heir (abolished by 6 Geo. IV, c. 105).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve heir with notice of payments to be made
garnish1585
1585 Act 27 Eliz. c. 3 §3 Scire facias shall be awarded..to garnish the same Heir.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Garnish the Heir is to warn the Heir; a Law-term.
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c. To summon (a person) as party to a litigation already in process between others. Cf. garnishment n. 2.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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