gaietyn.

Brit.

/ˈɡeɪᵻti/, U.S.

/ˈɡaɪᵻdi/

Forms: 1500s gaietie, 1500s– gayety, 1600s gayeity, 1600s gayete, 1600s gayetie, 1600s gaytye, 1600s–1700s gaity, 1600s–1700s gayity, 1600s– gaiety, 1700s gaety.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French gaieté.

Etymology: < Middle French, French gaieté, gaîté cheerfulness, happiness, joy (12th cent. in Old French; 11th cent. in Rashi in sense ‘libertinism’), cheerful action or word (1676) < gai gay adj. + -té -ty suffix¹. Compare gayness n.

a. The quality or condition of being gay; cheerfulness, mirth. the gaiety of nations: the cheerfulness or pleasure of a large number of people; general gaiety or amusement (frequently hyperbolical or ironic).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [noun]

dreamOE

man-dreamOE

gleea1200

galec1200

bauderyc1386

oliprancec1390

cheera1393

gaynessc1400

disportc1405

joyousitiea1450

festivitya1500

lakea1500

gaiety1573

merriment1574

jucundity1575

galliardise?1577

jouissance1579

merrymake1579

jolliment1590

mirth1591

jollyhead1596

spleen1598

jocantry16..

geniality1609

jovialty1621

jocundry1637

gaietry1650

sport1671

fun1726

galliardism1745

gig1777

merrymaking1779

hilarity1834

rollick1852

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [noun]

lightnessc1384

levity1564

gaiety1573

light-mindedness?1574

shallowness1590

toyishness1595

lightheadedness1645

ludicrousness1664

unseriousness1672

flightiness1747

flirtishness1750

trivial-mindedness1872

the mind > emotion > pleasure > cheerfulness > [noun] > of many people

the gaiety of nations1779

1573 G. Gascoigne Disc. Aduentures Master F. I. in Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 263 Such was the gaitie of my mynd, as that I coulde not be content to lend him ouer large thongs of my loue, but alwayes daungerously behaued my selfe towardes him.

1582 R. Mulcaster 1st Pt. Elementarie Peroration 255 Our vnderstanding also, were most full in our naturall speche, tho we know the foren excedinglie well, methink necessitie it self doth call for English, where by all that gaietie maie be had at home.

a1645 W. Browne tr. M. Le Roy Hist. Polexander (1647) v. ii. 335 Carrying in her countenance a gaity, and extraordinarie calm.

1670 I. Walton Life G. Herbert 23 in Lives George Herbert..manag'd it with as becoming and grave a gaiety, as any had before, or since his time.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. p. v Our Scots tunes..have an agreeable gaiety and natural sweetness.

a1732 F. Atterbury Serm. Several Occas. (1734) I. 328 Prophane Men..who stick not, in the Gayety of their Hearts, to say that a strict Piety is good for nothing.

1779 S. Johnson Smith in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets IV. 61 That stroke of death [sc. Garrick's], which has eclipsed the gaiety of nations, and impoverished the publick stock of harmless pleasure.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 587 Such health and gayety of heart enjoy The houseless rovers of the sylvan world.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. v. 363 We see little..of rulers..in the gaiety of their felicities.

1848 E. Bennett Trapper's Bride xiii. 108/2 Soon she lost all timidity, and began to play, with all the full confidence and gaiety of her age, with him as if he had been an old friend.

1875 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (1876) x. vi. 367 Gayety the best legacy of youth.

1910 Times 28 Mar. 9/5 Let us hope that this abundant contribution to the gaiety of nations is not quite exhausted.

1937 J. P. Marquand Late George Apley ix. 98 The determined gayety of these letters, one is led to believe, was largely assumed for the benefit of Elizabeth Apley, of whom he was always thoughtful.

1967 Guardian 15 Dec. 7/4 Nowadays..musical comedies all seem to hearken back to Old Vienna or Gay Paree, and they don't exactly contribute to the gaiety of nations.

1990 Independent on Sunday 18 Feb. 19/6 Editors adding to the gaiety of nations by suing each other.

2005 Daily Tel. 23 Aug. 18/1 Lion is in fact a desperate, alcoholic infantophobe with a jet-black past which constantly erupts through his flimsy gaiety.

†b. Levity, thoughtlessness. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > carelessness or thoughtlessness

unconsiderationc1449

inconsideration1526

inconsiderance1549

inconsiderateness1591

inconsiderancy1599

unconsiderateness1611

incogitancy1612

perperitude1623

thoughtlessness1624

indeliberationa1631

incogitance1637

gaiety1703

inconsideracy1748

étourderie1763

slobberiness1845

the world > action or operation > behaviour > other specific behaviour > [noun] > levity

ribaldyc1330

unsoberness1548

levity1601

unsobriety1671

gaiety1703

frivolity1796

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 224 Here S^r William Waller, out of pure gayety, departed from an advantage he could not again recover.

a. Merrymaking, festivity, pleasure-seeking.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > [noun]

mirthOE

joyc1275

jollitya1300

joy-makingc1330

good fellowship?c1430

wine and womena1450

junketing1555

merrymake1579

gaiety1612

jovialty1621

joviality1626

mirth-making1638

jovialness1658

jollitry?c1685

goodfellowhood1716

merrymaking1779

conviviality1791

jollification1818

making-merry1823

carnivalizing1841

skite1869

Wein, Weib, und Gesang1885

balling1942

1612 S. Daniel First Pt. Hist. Eng. ii. 75 The English lived loose, in little homely cottages, where they spent all their reuenewes in good fare, caring for little other gaiety at all.

1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 129 So braue a spectacle..set the London Dames on longing to behold such gaiety within their City walls.

1767 J. Penn By Way of Prevention p. iii The middling People..have a Taste for Gaiety and Extravagance.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. iii. 61 In-door amusements..became more lively and varied, in consequence of the stop put to out-door gaiety.

1905 W. Baucke Where White Man Treads 87 When the feasting and gaiety had subsided..we all lazily awaited the lining up of the poi maidens.

1926 Travel Nov. 59/1 (advt.) Nights of gaiety, promenading, dancing, mingling with the Latins in their favorite pleasure haunts.

1984 J. G. Ballard Empire of Sun i. xii. 76 Basie, there certainly was gaiety... They had liqueur chocolates, a white piano, whisky and soda.

b. An instance of merrymaking; (more generally) a festive occasion, a lively entertainment (frequently in plural).

ΚΠ

1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) iii. 225 The soule which doth with God unite, Those gayities how doth she slight Which ore opinion sway?

a1680 J. Glanvill Saducismus Triumphatus (1681) Ded. sig. E7 The deceitful gayeties that steal us away from God.

1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest I. i. 5 Allured by the gaieties of Paris.

1812 Countess Granville Lett. (1894) I. 33 My last gaiety was at Lady Essex's on Sunday.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets x. 319 Among the mountains an Italian of the present day..is always longing for town gaieties.

1923 J. R. Craddock in Publ. Texas Folk-lore Soc. 2 35 Those who were forbidden by the strict country church to dance came often to look upon the gaieties of their ‘sinner friends’ with envy.

1995 F. R. Shivers Walking in Baltimore 257 Among other gaieties the tea dance became popular, partly because little tea was served.

3. Bright appearance or ornamentation; showiness; showy dress. Also: an instance of this (chiefly in plural).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [noun] > fine or gay appearance

gaynessc1443

show1539

fineness1553

bravery1573

brave1596

gaudiness1601

gallantry1613

gaiety1625

blow1710

1625 P. Heylyn Μικρόκοσμος (rev. ed.) 800 Which gayeties, when they come to any age, and obserue how none but children vse them; they cast away of their own accord.

a1657 R. Lovelace Poems (1659) 60 Have you not marked their Cœlestial play, And no more peek'd the gayeties of day.

1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 149 The Gayeities [sic] and Embelishments that we might seek for in it [sc. the Earth].

1695 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 538 The Jacobites appear'd in their utmost gayety.

1739 J. Trapp Righteous Over-much 15 No Sort of Gayety or Expensiveness in Dress is permitted.

1756 W. Dodd Nature of Fasting (ed. 2) 9 Solicitous about the niceties and gayeties of dress.

1838 Penny Cycl. X. 326/1 A garden in which the objects desired..are show, gaiety, and neatness.

1866 J. G. Murphy Crit. Comm. Exodus xxxiii. 4–6 They begin to lay aside all gaiety in dress.

1934 J. B. Priestley Eng. Journey vi Fifteen shillings' worth of coloured lamps: this was gaiety, this was life; and so the place was selling beer, stout, port, as fast as it could serve them, to patrons of both sexes.

1978 J. Carroll Mortal Friends 288 A mute, dull murmured introversion circled over the heads of the people in contrast to the gaiety of clothing and the glad-trappings.

Compounds

Gaiety girl n. [after the name of the Gaiety Theatre, a former London theatre (opened under that name in 1868) famous, especially from the 1890s, for its musical comedies; compare also the title of the popular musical comedy ( A Gaiety Girl) of 1893] any of the Gaiety Theatre's celebrated chorus girls; also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > variety, etc. > performers in variety, etc. > [noun] > chorus-girl

monkey1871

follies1874

Gaiety girl1886

chorus-girl1894

pony1908

chorine1922

Ziegfeld girl1932

les girls1936

terp1937

1886 County Gentleman 27 Mar. 391/3 A Gaiety girl has set afoot a most sensible scheme for the comfort of actresses of the poorest sort.

1898 People 27 Feb. One of the brightest and most graceful of ‘Gaiety’ girls.

1910 G. K. Chesterton George Bernard Shaw 143 Shaw..introduced the Gaiety Girl, but did not represent her life as all gaiety.

1946 ‘C. Brahms’ & ‘S. J. Simon’ Trottie True ii. 20 There was nothing she could do to stop the man nipping off to a stage door and taking a Gaiety Girl out to supper.

1965 ‘C. Fremlin’ Jealous One xx. 156 This gaiety-girl business is all fairly new. It's not natural to her. She's one of Nature's frumps, really.

1970 Guardian 19 Dec. 6/2 There were Gaiety Girls on garlanded swings.

2006 Daily Mail (Nexis) 11 Feb. 21 Their lavish summer parties attended by politicians, businessmen, Gaiety girls, theatrical stars and the nouveau riche created Belgravia in the Hebrides before ending with the onset of the First World War.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gaiety
释义	gaietyn. Brit. /ˈɡeɪᵻti/, U.S. /ˈɡaɪᵻdi/ Forms: 1500s gaietie, 1500s– gayety, 1600s gayeity, 1600s gayete, 1600s gayetie, 1600s gaytye, 1600s–1700s gaity, 1600s–1700s gayity, 1600s– gaiety, 1700s gaety. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French gaieté. Etymology: < Middle French, French gaieté, gaîté cheerfulness, happiness, joy (12th cent. in Old French; 11th cent. in Rashi in sense ‘libertinism’), cheerful action or word (1676) < gai gay adj. + -té -ty suffix¹. Compare gayness n. 1. a. The quality or condition of being gay; cheerfulness, mirth. the gaiety of nations: the cheerfulness or pleasure of a large number of people; general gaiety or amusement (frequently hyperbolical or ironic). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [noun] dreamOE man-dreamOE gleea1200 galec1200 bauderyc1386 oliprancec1390 cheera1393 gaynessc1400 disportc1405 joyousitiea1450 festivitya1500 lakea1500 gaiety1573 merriment1574 jucundity1575 galliardise?1577 jouissance1579 merrymake1579 jolliment1590 mirth1591 jollyhead1596 spleen1598 jocantry16.. geniality1609 jovialty1621 jocundry1637 gaietry1650 sport1671 fun1726 galliardism1745 gig1777 merrymaking1779 hilarity1834 rollick1852 the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [noun] lightnessc1384 levity1564 gaiety1573 light-mindedness?1574 shallowness1590 toyishness1595 lightheadedness1645 ludicrousness1664 unseriousness1672 flightiness1747 flirtishness1750 trivial-mindedness1872 the mind > emotion > pleasure > cheerfulness > [noun] > of many people the gaiety of nations1779 1573 G. Gascoigne Disc. Aduentures Master F. I. in Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 263 Such was the gaitie of my mynd, as that I coulde not be content to lend him ouer large thongs of my loue, but alwayes daungerously behaued my selfe towardes him. 1582 R. Mulcaster 1st Pt. Elementarie Peroration 255 Our vnderstanding also, were most full in our naturall speche, tho we know the foren excedinglie well, methink necessitie it self doth call for English, where by all that gaietie maie be had at home. a1645 W. Browne tr. M. Le Roy Hist. Polexander (1647) v. ii. 335 Carrying in her countenance a gaity, and extraordinarie calm. 1670 I. Walton Life G. Herbert 23 in Lives George Herbert..manag'd it with as becoming and grave a gaiety, as any had before, or since his time. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. p. v Our Scots tunes..have an agreeable gaiety and natural sweetness. a1732 F. Atterbury Serm. Several Occas. (1734) I. 328 Prophane Men..who stick not, in the Gayety of their Hearts, to say that a strict Piety is good for nothing. 1779 S. Johnson Smith in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets IV. 61 That stroke of death [sc. Garrick's], which has eclipsed the gaiety of nations, and impoverished the publick stock of harmless pleasure. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 587 Such health and gayety of heart enjoy The houseless rovers of the sylvan world. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. v. 363 We see little..of rulers..in the gaiety of their felicities. 1848 E. Bennett Trapper's Bride xiii. 108/2 Soon she lost all timidity, and began to play, with all the full confidence and gaiety of her age, with him as if he had been an old friend. 1875 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (1876) x. vi. 367 Gayety the best legacy of youth. 1910 Times 28 Mar. 9/5 Let us hope that this abundant contribution to the gaiety of nations is not quite exhausted. 1937 J. P. Marquand Late George Apley ix. 98 The determined gayety of these letters, one is led to believe, was largely assumed for the benefit of Elizabeth Apley, of whom he was always thoughtful. 1967 Guardian 15 Dec. 7/4 Nowadays..musical comedies all seem to hearken back to Old Vienna or Gay Paree, and they don't exactly contribute to the gaiety of nations. 1990 Independent on Sunday 18 Feb. 19/6 Editors adding to the gaiety of nations by suing each other. 2005 Daily Tel. 23 Aug. 18/1 Lion is in fact a desperate, alcoholic infantophobe with a jet-black past which constantly erupts through his flimsy gaiety. †b. Levity, thoughtlessness. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > carelessness or thoughtlessness unconsiderationc1449 inconsideration1526 inconsiderance1549 inconsiderateness1591 inconsiderancy1599 unconsiderateness1611 incogitancy1612 perperitude1623 thoughtlessness1624 indeliberationa1631 incogitance1637 gaiety1703 inconsideracy1748 étourderie1763 slobberiness1845 the world > action or operation > behaviour > other specific behaviour > [noun] > levity ribaldyc1330 unsoberness1548 levity1601 unsobriety1671 gaiety1703 frivolity1796 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 224 Here S^r William Waller, out of pure gayety, departed from an advantage he could not again recover. 2. a. Merrymaking, festivity, pleasure-seeking. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > [noun] mirthOE joyc1275 jollitya1300 joy-makingc1330 good fellowship?c1430 wine and womena1450 junketing1555 merrymake1579 gaiety1612 jovialty1621 joviality1626 mirth-making1638 jovialness1658 jollitry?c1685 goodfellowhood1716 merrymaking1779 conviviality1791 jollification1818 making-merry1823 carnivalizing1841 skite1869 Wein, Weib, und Gesang1885 balling1942 1612 S. Daniel First Pt. Hist. Eng. ii. 75 The English lived loose, in little homely cottages, where they spent all their reuenewes in good fare, caring for little other gaiety at all. 1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 129 So braue a spectacle..set the London Dames on longing to behold such gaiety within their City walls. 1767 J. Penn By Way of Prevention p. iii The middling People..have a Taste for Gaiety and Extravagance. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. iii. 61 In-door amusements..became more lively and varied, in consequence of the stop put to out-door gaiety. 1905 W. Baucke Where White Man Treads 87 When the feasting and gaiety had subsided..we all lazily awaited the lining up of the poi maidens. 1926 Travel Nov. 59/1 (advt.) Nights of gaiety, promenading, dancing, mingling with the Latins in their favorite pleasure haunts. 1984 J. G. Ballard Empire of Sun i. xii. 76 Basie, there certainly was gaiety... They had liqueur chocolates, a white piano, whisky and soda. b. An instance of merrymaking; (more generally) a festive occasion, a lively entertainment (frequently in plural). ΚΠ 1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) iii. 225 The soule which doth with God unite, Those gayities how doth she slight Which ore opinion sway? a1680 J. Glanvill Saducismus Triumphatus (1681) Ded. sig. E7 The deceitful gayeties that steal us away from God. 1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest I. i. 5 Allured by the gaieties of Paris. 1812 Countess Granville Lett. (1894) I. 33 My last gaiety was at Lady Essex's on Sunday. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets x. 319 Among the mountains an Italian of the present day..is always longing for town gaieties. 1923 J. R. Craddock in Publ. Texas Folk-lore Soc. 2 35 Those who were forbidden by the strict country church to dance came often to look upon the gaieties of their ‘sinner friends’ with envy. 1995 F. R. Shivers Walking in Baltimore 257 Among other gaieties the tea dance became popular, partly because little tea was served. 3. Bright appearance or ornamentation; showiness; showy dress. Also: an instance of this (chiefly in plural). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [noun] > fine or gay appearance gaynessc1443 show1539 fineness1553 bravery1573 brave1596 gaudiness1601 gallantry1613 gaiety1625 blow1710 1625 P. Heylyn Μικρόκοσμος (rev. ed.) 800 Which gayeties, when they come to any age, and obserue how none but children vse them; they cast away of their own accord. a1657 R. Lovelace Poems (1659) 60 Have you not marked their Cœlestial play, And no more peek'd the gayeties of day. 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 149 The Gayeities [sic] and Embelishments that we might seek for in it [sc. the Earth]. 1695 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 538 The Jacobites appear'd in their utmost gayety. 1739 J. Trapp Righteous Over-much 15 No Sort of Gayety or Expensiveness in Dress is permitted. 1756 W. Dodd Nature of Fasting (ed. 2) 9 Solicitous about the niceties and gayeties of dress. 1838 Penny Cycl. X. 326/1 A garden in which the objects desired..are show, gaiety, and neatness. 1866 J. G. Murphy Crit. Comm. Exodus xxxiii. 4–6 They begin to lay aside all gaiety in dress. 1934 J. B. Priestley Eng. Journey vi Fifteen shillings' worth of coloured lamps: this was gaiety, this was life; and so the place was selling beer, stout, port, as fast as it could serve them, to patrons of both sexes. 1978 J. Carroll Mortal Friends 288 A mute, dull murmured introversion circled over the heads of the people in contrast to the gaiety of clothing and the glad-trappings. Compounds Gaiety girl n. [after the name of the Gaiety Theatre, a former London theatre (opened under that name in 1868) famous, especially from the 1890s, for its musical comedies; compare also the title of the popular musical comedy ( A Gaiety Girl) of 1893] any of the Gaiety Theatre's celebrated chorus girls; also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > variety, etc. > performers in variety, etc. > [noun] > chorus-girl monkey1871 follies1874 Gaiety girl1886 chorus-girl1894 pony1908 chorine1922 Ziegfeld girl1932 les girls1936 terp1937 1886 County Gentleman 27 Mar. 391/3 A Gaiety girl has set afoot a most sensible scheme for the comfort of actresses of the poorest sort. 1898 People 27 Feb. One of the brightest and most graceful of ‘Gaiety’ girls. 1910 G. K. Chesterton George Bernard Shaw 143 Shaw..introduced the Gaiety Girl, but did not represent her life as all gaiety. 1946 ‘C. Brahms’ & ‘S. J. Simon’ Trottie True ii. 20 There was nothing she could do to stop the man nipping off to a stage door and taking a Gaiety Girl out to supper. 1965 ‘C. Fremlin’ Jealous One xx. 156 This gaiety-girl business is all fairly new. It's not natural to her. She's one of Nature's frumps, really. 1970 Guardian 19 Dec. 6/2 There were Gaiety Girls on garlanded swings. 2006 Daily Mail (Nexis) 11 Feb. 21 Their lavish summer parties attended by politicians, businessmen, Gaiety girls, theatrical stars and the nouveau riche created Belgravia in the Hebrides before ending with the onset of the First World War. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1573
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