| 释义 |
Gasconn.adj. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French gascon. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman gascoign, gascoigne, gascoin, gascoing, gascoun, gascun, Anglo-Norman and Middle French gascon (French Gascon , noun, gascon , adjective) (noun) person from Gascony (c1100 in Old French), dialect of Gascony (12th or 13th cent.), (adjective) of or relating to Gascony (13th cent.) < classical Latin Vascōnēs (in post-classical Latin alsoWascones (6th cent.), Guascones (12th cent. in a British source)), plural noun, denoting a people inhabiting territory on either side of the Pyrenees. Compare Old Occitan gasco , gasc (13th cent.), Spanish gascón (13th cent.), Portuguese gascão (13th cent. as gascon ), Italian guascone (13th cent. as guasco ). Compare also Middle French, French Gascogne Gascony (compare Gascon , 13th cent. in Old French). Compare Basque n., which ultimately reflects the same ethnonym.Gascony occurs as a place name in English contexts from at least the 13th cent. onwards (in Middle English as Gascunne , Gascune , Gascoyne , Gasconye , Gascony , Gascone , etc.). Compare post-classical Latin Vasconia country of the Vascones (6th cent.), and the adjectivesVasconis , Vasconicus (both 6th cent.), Vasconensis (from 13th cent. in British sources; also as Wasconensis , Gasconensis ), Vasconius (from 14th cent. in British sources; also as Gasconius ). With sense A. 1b compare gasconade n., Gasconism n. 2. Attested earlier as a surname (e.g. Hugo le Gascun (1180), Gaufridus Gascun (1212), John Gascoine (1280), Walter Gascon (1307), etc.), although it is more likely that this should be interpreted as reflecting currency of the Anglo-Norman than the Middle English word. A. n. 1. the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > parts of α. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 17 Þe cruelte of Gascoyns [L. Vasconia crudelitate] wolde nouȝt suffre it, and kutte his þrote, and so he deyde. a1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 68 Vasconis, a gascoyn or a spaynarde. a1500 (?a1325) (1935) l. 657 They say many a paynym, Comyng with grete power, lemosyns, bretons, & lumbardye, Bayons, Gaskoynes, & pycardye, of londys bothe ferre & ner. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini xiii. 752 The armie of Franciscomaria, the bandes of Gascoins. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne ii. viii. 224 I have seene diverse so inured to that vice [sc. stealing], that..they would..steale such things, as they would restore againe. I am a Gascoine, and there is no vice wherin I have lesse skill. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV liii, in (1878) IV. 14 The Gascoynes thus enfirm'd, and noe great feare Of French Invasion. 1722 J. Macky II. ix. 139 They live much like Gascoynes. 1770 T. Percy (new ed.) 413 The Claret Wine was what the Gascoigns call at present a Vin Clairet. the mind > emotion > pride > boasting or boastfulness > [noun] > boaster 1757 T. Smollett i. iii. 15 A peacock in pride, in grimace a baboon, In courage a hind, in conceit a gascoon. 1767 vii. 228 It was impossible for separate squadrons,..to have that steadiness to stand long enough under the innumerable dropping shots, that I may avoid being called a Gascon by terming it a constant fire. 1814 R. Wilson II. 345 He was exceedingly interesting, very candid, and by no means a Gascon for himself or his brethren in arms. 1826 W. Scott 29 Aug. (1939) 222 They [sc. the Irish] are the Gascons of Britain. 1836 W. Irving I. 66 The Canadians especially, who..have a considerable dash of the gascon, were buoyant and boastful, and great braggarts as to the future. 1867 J. W. Hales in J. W. Hales & F. J. Furnivall I. 58 Here..the King of Cornwall plays the gascon, not the King of Little Britain. 1942 E. Ferber (new ed.) xv. 299 That vacher! That gascon with his swagger! the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > French wines > [noun] > other French wines c1460 (?c1400) Prol. l. 280 (MED) For spycys & eke wyne Went round aboute, þe gascoyn, & eke the ruyne. 1511 Rentale Dunkeldense (Adv. 34.1.1) f. 97, in at Gascon Ane puntion of claret and vi lag. of gaskane. 1630 J. Taylor iii. 65 No Gascoygne, Orleance, or the Chrystall Sherrant, Nor Rhenish from the Rheine would be apparant. 1999 E. Chadwick (2000) xxx. 325 Martin seated himself across from her and poured the wine into two cups. It was Gascon, red as blood and strong. the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > French > varieties of 1642 J. Howell x. 124 The French have three dialects, the Wallon..the Provensall, (whereof the Gascon is a subdialect) and the speech of Languedoc. 1739 May 170/2 The language is very different..from the Gascoon. 1758 L. Chambaud Pref. xxii Those who are desirous to speak, ought especially to be sure he [sc. the French master] has the true French accent. Otherwise they will learn to speak Normand, Picard, Gascon..&c. 1813 A. Bruce ii. 14 Because they do not speak Gascon in Touraine. 1860 11 Aug. 420 The Basque and Béarnais along the Western Pyrenees, the Gascon throughout the regions of the Landes [etc.]. 1932 W. L. Graff 377 Provençal group, with different varieties: Provençal..Limousin, Gascon. 1998 A. Dalby 108/2 Quite distinct is Gascon, notable for its unusual sound changes, such as the replacement of Latin f by h. B. adj.the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > France or Frankish land > [adjective] > other parts of France 1445–6 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1445 §45. m. 6 Many moo merchauntz Gascoignes of the saide citee of Burdeux..usuelly and yerly at every vyntage tyme to come into this lond with thaire wynes. 1581 Acct.-bk. W. Wray in (1896) 32 117 One dosse' brode gascon lace, iijs. iiijd.; and ij dosse' narow gascon lace, vs. 1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac II. 82 Being a Gascogne Doctour, I wounder hee never read the Panegyricke, which a countrie man of his pronounced at Rome. 1653 J. Davies tr. C. Sorel xiii. 67 Thus have you an account of Lysanders History, and if you think be deserves any esteem for his language, I tell you there are in it a world of Gascon phrases. 1735 I. 29 He..got into the Service of a Gascon Officer. 1765 L. Sterne VII. xliv. 158 'Twas a Gascoigne roundelay. Viva La Joia! 1821 W. Scott II. vii. 182 A dispute upon the preference due to the Spanish nether stock over the black Gascoigne hose. 1890 11 A tooled pointed border with finely dotted or Gascon ornaments in imitation of lace. 1929 4 414 The lip position of the Gascon sound was identical with that of the Parisian b. 1964 27 Feb. 1/2 As King of Sweden, the former Gascon sergeant never lost his popularity with the Army, middle classes and peasants of his adopted country. 1998 Mar. 110/1 Within a few years he was the Pope of Gascon cuisine. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > French wines > [adjective] > other French wines 1464 in (1841) 270 The same day my mastyr payd for a pype of new Gascoyne wyn, xxxv s. 1488 in (1839) I. 97/2 A tonne and a pip of gaskin wyne. 1556 in W. H. Stevenson (1889) IV. 113 For sellyng of Gaskyn wyne..aboue the Statute. 1562 sig. F.iv None shall retayle any Gascon or French wines, but at .viii.d. the gallon. 1655 53 Take a Gallon of good Gascon wine, then take Ginger, Galingale, Cinnamon, [etc.]. 1674 C. Cotton tr. B. de Montluc iv. 209 I will give you very good French and Gascon wine, and a whole Covy of Partridges. a1761 A. Ellys (1765) II. ii. 113 Gascoigne wines, and other foreign goods, were prohibited to be imported into this kingdom, but in English ships. 1849 G. P. R. James I. ii. 12 She..did not altogether dislike a moderate portion of Gascon wine. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Prol. 6 When the Gascon wine mounts to my head. 1913 G. Bartram 11 Right welcome, ancient cloaked and bonneted, Whose daily pitcher was of Gascon red. 1979 N. J. G. Pounds i. 64 Gascon wine travelled by sea to Great Britain and the Low Countries. 2004 6 Sept. 160/3 The French connoisseur believes that, with his glass of turpentiney Gascon wine, he is in a truer relation to history and reality than the American searching for his jammy high-scorers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.adj.a1387 |
