geostrophicadj.

Brit.

/ˌdʒiːə(ʊ)ˈstrɒfɪk/,

/ˌdʒiːə(ʊ)ˈstrəʊfɪk/, U.S.

/ˌdʒioʊˈstrɑfɪk/,

/ˌdʒiəˈstrɑfɪk/

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with English elements. Etymons: geo- comb. form, Greek στροϕή , -ic suffix.

Etymology: < geo- comb. form + ancient Greek στροϕή (see strophe n.) + -ic suffix.

Meteorology and Oceanography.

Of a wind or ocean current: arising from or exhibiting a balance between the Coriolis force and the horizontal pressure gradient (cf. gradient wind n. at gradient adj. and n. Compounds); relating to or associated with such a wind or current. Cf. cyclostrophic adj. at cyclo- comb. form 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > affected by curvature of earth or by Coriolis force

cyclostrophic1916

geostrophic1916

ageostrophic1948

1916 N. Shaw Meteorol. Gloss. (Meteorol. Office) Mar. 146 In reference to these two components [of gradient wind]..let us call the one due to the rotation of the earth the geostrophic component and the one due to the curvature of the path the cyclostrophic component.

1933 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 37 314 The ground wind is rarely the same in direction as the geostrophic wind which blows at 1,500 feet above the surface.

1957 Times Surv. Brit. Aviation Sept. 7/3 Up to about 20,000 ft. the classical ‘geostrophic balance’ between the pressure and motion fields holds fairly well.

1970 Nature 11 Apr. 132/2 Reported winds were also used, in conjunction with the geostrophic relationship, to help define the slope of the pressure surface at the height of the wind report.

1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 511/1 Wherever the Rossby number is small (and viscous effects can be neglected), horizontal gradients in pressure are in approximate geostrophic balance with the Coriolis acceleration of the flow.

2009 P. R. Pinet Invitation Oceanogr. (ed. 5) vi. 205/1 Eventually, a stable flow pattern, known as a geostrophic current, establishes a balance between the pressure gradient and Coriolis deflection.

Derivatives

geoˈstrophically adv.

ΚΠ

1922 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 48 328 The possibility of an additional wind, independent of height, and not connected geostrophically with the pressure distribution, is not excluded.

1955 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 41 735 The geostrophically calculated transport in the Florida Straits is proximately 30 X 10⁶ m³ sec-^-1.

2004 C. B. Miller Biol. Oceanogr. i. 11 This height difference can be estimated by radar ranging from a satellite, and eddy velocity approximated geostrophically from the slope.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	geostrophic
释义	geostrophicadj. Brit. /ˌdʒiːə(ʊ)ˈstrɒfɪk/, /ˌdʒiːə(ʊ)ˈstrəʊfɪk/, U.S. /ˌdʒioʊˈstrɑfɪk/, /ˌdʒiəˈstrɑfɪk/ Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with English elements. Etymons: geo- comb. form, Greek στροϕή , -ic suffix. Etymology: < geo- comb. form + ancient Greek στροϕή (see strophe n.) + -ic suffix. Meteorology and Oceanography. Of a wind or ocean current: arising from or exhibiting a balance between the Coriolis force and the horizontal pressure gradient (cf. gradient wind n. at gradient adj. and n. Compounds); relating to or associated with such a wind or current. Cf. cyclostrophic adj. at cyclo- comb. form 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > affected by curvature of earth or by Coriolis force cyclostrophic1916 geostrophic1916 ageostrophic1948 1916 N. Shaw Meteorol. Gloss. (Meteorol. Office) Mar. 146 In reference to these two components [of gradient wind]..let us call the one due to the rotation of the earth the geostrophic component and the one due to the curvature of the path the cyclostrophic component. 1933 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 37 314 The ground wind is rarely the same in direction as the geostrophic wind which blows at 1,500 feet above the surface. 1957 Times Surv. Brit. Aviation Sept. 7/3 Up to about 20,000 ft. the classical ‘geostrophic balance’ between the pressure and motion fields holds fairly well. 1970 Nature 11 Apr. 132/2 Reported winds were also used, in conjunction with the geostrophic relationship, to help define the slope of the pressure surface at the height of the wind report. 1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 511/1 Wherever the Rossby number is small (and viscous effects can be neglected), horizontal gradients in pressure are in approximate geostrophic balance with the Coriolis acceleration of the flow. 2009 P. R. Pinet Invitation Oceanogr. (ed. 5) vi. 205/1 Eventually, a stable flow pattern, known as a geostrophic current, establishes a balance between the pressure gradient and Coriolis deflection. Derivatives geoˈstrophically adv. ΚΠ 1922 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 48 328 The possibility of an additional wind, independent of height, and not connected geostrophically with the pressure distribution, is not excluded. 1955 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 41 735 The geostrophically calculated transport in the Florida Straits is proximately 30 X 10⁶ m³ sec-^-1. 2004 C. B. Miller Biol. Oceanogr. i. 11 This height difference can be estimated by radar ranging from a satellite, and eddy velocity approximated geostrophically from the slope. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1916
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