Gay-Lussacn.

Brit.

/ɡeɪˈluːsak/, U.S.

/ˈɡeɪləˈsæk/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Gay-Lussac.

Etymology: < the name of Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac (1778–1850), French chemist and physicist.In sense 1b, the law was described by Gay-Lussac in 1802 ( Ann. de Chimie 43 174) after its earlier discovery by Charles. In sense 1a, the law was described by Gay-Lussac in 1809 ( Mém. Soc. Arcueil 2 208). The Gay-Lussac tower (sense 2) was developed during the 1830s and 1840s.

Chemistry.

1. Gay-Lussac's law n.

a. A gas law which states that, at constant pressure and temperature, the ratio between the volumes of gases which react with each other and the gaseous product of such a reaction can be expressed in small whole numbers.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > gaseous phase > [noun] > gas laws

Gay-Lussac's law1827

Boyle's law1839

Mariotte's law1843

Gay-Lussac's law1844

Graham's law1845

Henry's law1848

Avogadro's law1880

Charles's law1884

Paschen's law1903

1813 Analectic Mag. June 481 M. Gay Lussac's law, respecting these neutral metallic salts, is perfectly correct,—that the acid is proportionable to the oxygen, and that the one being known, the quantity of the other may be calculated. This doctrine, in its present extended form, is of very recent origin.]

1827 E. Turner Elem. Chem. ii. 185 Since no exception has hitherto been found to Gay-Lussac's law of gaseous combination, it may be inferred that protoxide of nitrogen contains its own bulk of nitrogen and half its volume of oxygen.

1839 J. W. Webster Man. Chem. (ed. 3) iii. 143 According to Gay-Lussac's law of gaseous combination, it may be inferred that the protoxide of nitrogen contains its own bulk of nitrogen and half its volume of oxygen.

1897 School Rev. 5 499 Many of the Hoffmann experiments for illustrating Gay Lussac's law of volumes (explosion of hydrogen and oxygen, electrolysis of hydrochloric acid, etc.) are best performed by the teacher.

1964 J. R. Partington Hist. Chem. IV. iii. 81 Dalton did not accept Gay-Lussac's law, since it did not agree with his own experiments.

1995 R. K. Noon Engin. Anal. Fires & Explosions ii. 29 A practical extension of Gay-Lussac's Law is Avogadro's Law.

b. A gas law which states that the pressure of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.The principle had been established by A. C. Charles, and (esp. when expressed in terms of the proportionality of temperature and volume) is often called Charles's law (see Charles's law n. at law n.¹ 17c(b)).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > gaseous phase > [noun] > gas laws

Gay-Lussac's law1827

Boyle's law1839

Mariotte's law1843

Gay-Lussac's law1844

Graham's law1845

Henry's law1848

Avogadro's law1880

Charles's law1884

Paschen's law1903

1833 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 23 289 Let l be the bulk, in parts of the same scale, which the air, alone, would occupy, at the temperature and pressure of the experiment, according to the laws of Gay-Lussac and Mariotte.]

1844 W. R. Johnson Rep. to Navy Dept. U.S. on Amer. Coals 18 The expansion of air by 1° Fahrenheit increase of temperature, is assumed to be ¹/ ₄₈₀th of its bulk at 32°. This is the received determination of Guy Lussac [sic], Dalton, and Crichton.

1890 Science 7 Mar. 163/1 Air follows Gay-Lussac's law by expanding by heat and contracting by cold.

1949 A. C. Walshaw Heat Engines (ed. 3) xiii. 271 Gay-Lussac's law: the density of any gas at s.t.p. is proportional to its molecular weight.

1978 P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. 3 The explanation of Gay-Lussac's Law recognizes that thermal energy can be identified with molecular motion.

2. Gay-Lussac tower n. (also †Gay-Lussac's tower) now chiefly historical (in the manufacture of sulphuric acid by the lead chamber process) a cylindrical tower filled with coke in which the waste gases from the process are washed with sulphuric acid in order to recycle nitrogen oxides.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessels for other specific purposes > [noun] > for making sulphuric acid

lead chamber1867

Gay-Lussac tower1873

1873 H. A. Smith Chem. Sulphuric Acid Manuf. 74 Although the principle involved in the ‘Gay-Lussac’ tower is very perfect, there are many practical difficulties in the way.

1888 W. W. Fisher Elem. Chem. vii. 72 In order to catch any nitric oxide which would otherwise pass away, and be lost in the air, a tower, called a Gay-lussac's tower..filled with coke is interposed, and the gases from the chambers are passed through it.

1894 Daily News 4 Sept. 2/6 The defendants were having repacked a gay lussac tower.

1939 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 53 321 Danger from nitrous gas is practically non-existant [sic] at the Glover tower or the Gay Lussac tower, as there is an inward draft.

1980 Isis 71 299 The Gay-Lussac tower was..the fruit of the application of rationality and efficiency to industrial processes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gay-lussac
释义	Gay-Lussacn. Brit. /ɡeɪˈluːsak/, U.S. /ˈɡeɪləˈsæk/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Gay-Lussac. Etymology: < the name of Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac (1778–1850), French chemist and physicist.In sense 1b, the law was described by Gay-Lussac in 1802 ( Ann. de Chimie 43 174) after its earlier discovery by Charles. In sense 1a, the law was described by Gay-Lussac in 1809 ( Mém. Soc. Arcueil 2 208). The Gay-Lussac tower (sense 2) was developed during the 1830s and 1840s. Chemistry. 1. Gay-Lussac's law n. a. A gas law which states that, at constant pressure and temperature, the ratio between the volumes of gases which react with each other and the gaseous product of such a reaction can be expressed in small whole numbers. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > gaseous phase > [noun] > gas laws Gay-Lussac's law1827 Boyle's law1839 Mariotte's law1843 Gay-Lussac's law1844 Graham's law1845 Henry's law1848 Avogadro's law1880 Charles's law1884 Paschen's law1903 1813 Analectic Mag. June 481 M. Gay Lussac's law, respecting these neutral metallic salts, is perfectly correct,—that the acid is proportionable to the oxygen, and that the one being known, the quantity of the other may be calculated. This doctrine, in its present extended form, is of very recent origin.] 1827 E. Turner Elem. Chem. ii. 185 Since no exception has hitherto been found to Gay-Lussac's law of gaseous combination, it may be inferred that protoxide of nitrogen contains its own bulk of nitrogen and half its volume of oxygen. 1839 J. W. Webster Man. Chem. (ed. 3) iii. 143 According to Gay-Lussac's law of gaseous combination, it may be inferred that the protoxide of nitrogen contains its own bulk of nitrogen and half its volume of oxygen. 1897 School Rev. 5 499 Many of the Hoffmann experiments for illustrating Gay Lussac's law of volumes (explosion of hydrogen and oxygen, electrolysis of hydrochloric acid, etc.) are best performed by the teacher. 1964 J. R. Partington Hist. Chem. IV. iii. 81 Dalton did not accept Gay-Lussac's law, since it did not agree with his own experiments. 1995 R. K. Noon Engin. Anal. Fires & Explosions ii. 29 A practical extension of Gay-Lussac's Law is Avogadro's Law. b. A gas law which states that the pressure of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.The principle had been established by A. C. Charles, and (esp. when expressed in terms of the proportionality of temperature and volume) is often called Charles's law (see Charles's law n. at law n.¹ 17c(b)). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > gaseous phase > [noun] > gas laws Gay-Lussac's law1827 Boyle's law1839 Mariotte's law1843 Gay-Lussac's law1844 Graham's law1845 Henry's law1848 Avogadro's law1880 Charles's law1884 Paschen's law1903 1833 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 23 289 Let l be the bulk, in parts of the same scale, which the air, alone, would occupy, at the temperature and pressure of the experiment, according to the laws of Gay-Lussac and Mariotte.] 1844 W. R. Johnson Rep. to Navy Dept. U.S. on Amer. Coals 18 The expansion of air by 1° Fahrenheit increase of temperature, is assumed to be ¹/ ₄₈₀th of its bulk at 32°. This is the received determination of Guy Lussac [sic], Dalton, and Crichton. 1890 Science 7 Mar. 163/1 Air follows Gay-Lussac's law by expanding by heat and contracting by cold. 1949 A. C. Walshaw Heat Engines (ed. 3) xiii. 271 Gay-Lussac's law: the density of any gas at s.t.p. is proportional to its molecular weight. 1978 P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. 3 The explanation of Gay-Lussac's Law recognizes that thermal energy can be identified with molecular motion. 2. Gay-Lussac tower n. (also †Gay-Lussac's tower) now chiefly historical (in the manufacture of sulphuric acid by the lead chamber process) a cylindrical tower filled with coke in which the waste gases from the process are washed with sulphuric acid in order to recycle nitrogen oxides. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessels for other specific purposes > [noun] > for making sulphuric acid lead chamber1867 Gay-Lussac tower1873 1873 H. A. Smith Chem. Sulphuric Acid Manuf. 74 Although the principle involved in the ‘Gay-Lussac’ tower is very perfect, there are many practical difficulties in the way. 1888 W. W. Fisher Elem. Chem. vii. 72 In order to catch any nitric oxide which would otherwise pass away, and be lost in the air, a tower, called a Gay-lussac's tower..filled with coke is interposed, and the gases from the chambers are passed through it. 1894 Daily News 4 Sept. 2/6 The defendants were having repacked a gay lussac tower. 1939 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 53 321 Danger from nitrous gas is practically non-existant [sic] at the Glover tower or the Gay Lussac tower, as there is an inward draft. 1980 Isis 71 299 The Gay-Lussac tower was..the fruit of the application of rationality and efficiency to industrial processes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1827
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