germinatev.

Brit.

/ˈdʒəːmᵻneɪt/, U.S.

/ˈdʒərməˌneɪt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin germināt-, germināre.

Etymology: < classical Latin germināt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of germināre to put out shoots, to sprout, bud, (of seeds) to germinate, in post-classical Latin also to grow, flourish, prosper (Vulgate) < germin- , germen germ n. Compare French germiner (first half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman; compare germer germ v.), Old Occitan germenar , Catalan germinar (13th cent.), Spanish germinar (15th cent.), Portuguese germinar (14th cent.), Italian germinare (14th cent.). Compare earlier germin v. and germ v.

a. transitive. To cause to begin to grow, to bring about the growth of; spec. to cause (a seed) to undergo germination. In early use chiefly in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > cause to sprout or grow

multiplya1550

germinate1610

shoot?1610

to put up1626

1610 D. Price Creation of Prince sig. Eij In this Paradise is..the tree of goodnesse which is..watered by grace, germinated by godlines, will waxe greene by hope [etc.].

1624 F. Quarles Iob Militant sig. C^v His Seed did germinate in either Sexe A hopefull issue, whose descent might keepe His righteous Race on foote.

1794 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (ed. 4) II. Pref. p. iv To germinate their ideas into a floral existence, by familiarizing them with the characters, and circumstances of the Republic of Letters, I consider not as a brilliant operation, but an honourable task.

1803 Edwin III. 264 The gentle influence of Spring began to spread the verdant carpet of Nature, and germinate the bursting buds.

1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) xii The impassioned eloquence of that lady germinated the seed which the Cardinal had seemed so carelessly to scatter.

1934 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 21 557 Those of one group were dried at once for analysis, and those of each of the others were germinated, dried, and analyzed.

1999 S. Campbell Walled Kitchen Gardens 20 English gardeners began to use hotbeds out of doors, in order to..germinate the seeds of their exotic greenhouse plants.

b. transitive. figurative. To cause to develop from an early stage or initial idea; to give rise to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth

doeOE

makelOE

to bring forthc1175

farrow?c1225

childc1350

fodmec1390

raise1402

spring?1440

upbringc1440

breed1526

procreate1546

hatch1549

generate1556

product1577

deprompt1586

produce1587

spire1590

sprout1598

represent1601

effer1606

depromea1652

germinate1796

output1858

1796 C. Burney Mem. Life Metastasio II. 245 Some new composition flatters my vanity in fulfilling my predictions, and germinating fresh hopes of your future poetical fame.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. iv. i. 229 Several French Departments germinate a set of rebellious paper-leaves, named Proclamations.

1849 R. Cobden Speeches 32 Those boundary questions which, we were assured, were to germinate a war for a quarter of a century.

1892 H. Caine in Times 19 Sept. 4/1 A crowd of people gathered in the Street and germinated alarming rumours.

1939 W. T. Sexton Soldiers in Sun xi. 260 While looking over the captured dispatches, one in particular germinated a plan in Funston's mind for capturing the Insurgent President.

1961 Baseball Digest Jan. 41/2 Sometimes ambition generates enough production to germinate confidence.

2002 U.S. News & World Rep. 14 Jan. 27/1 These so-called offsets can germinate new companies and provide jobs.

a. intransitive. Of a seed or spore: to undergo germination (germination n. 1a). In early use also: (of a plant, bud, etc.) to begin to grow; to produce new buds or shoots (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth

spriteOE

wrideOE

brodc1175

comea1225

spirec1325

chicka1400

sprouta1400

germin?1440

germ1483

chip?a1500

spurgea1500

to put forth1530

shootc1560

spear1570

stock1574

chit1601

breward1609

pullulate1618

ysproutc1620

egerminate1623

put1623

germinate1626

sprent1647

fruticate1657

stalk1666

tiller1677

breerc1700

fork1707

to put out1731

stool1770

sucker1802

stir1843

push1855

braird1865

fibre1869

flush1877

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §646 This Herbe putteth forth another small Herbe out of the Leafe; which is imputed to some Moisture, that is gathered betweene the Prickles, which Putrified by the Sunne, Germinateth.

1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 424 Whether seeds..will germinate and thrive in the exhausted Receiver.

a1687 H. More Second Lash of Alazonomastix (1713) App. xi. 196 God caused the Trees to germinate out of the Earth.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 157 There is in one single Grain of Corn, that has throughly germinated, wherewith to feed the five Thousand Men.

1765 tr. in Foreign Ess. Agric. & Arts 45 I seized this opportunity of sowing in the rills of my bed, the seed together with the earth, in which it had germinated.

1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 67 When the Agriculturist wishes his seeds to germinate, he should not bury them very deep.

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxii. 572 A kind of cloth woven of hair was used for drying the malt after it had been made to germinate.

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 138 The persistent buds of many trees (Aesculus), bulbs (Tulip), and corms (Crocus, &c.), formed in the summer and germinating in the spring after long rest in winter.

1923 Ecology 4 61 Douglas fir germinates as promptly as yellow pine and shows almost equal root vigor.

1928 F. S. Earle Sugar Cane & its Culture 60 The leaf sheaths adhere more closely than in the true Uba, and the buds germinate subdorsally, not apically.

1969 D. F. Costello Prairie World iv. 60 When the seed does germinate its first effort is to put down a primary or seminal root, using energy from its stored food.

2007 Independent 26 Apr. 22/5 At the Millennium Seed Bank thousands of seeds are banked for every species collected and each set is tested to make sure the seeds will germinate.

b. intransitive. figurative and in figurative contexts. To develop from an early stage or initial idea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > progress or advance in an action [verb (intransitive)] > make progress or advance (of action or operation)

fremec1000

furtherc1200

profit1340

to go onc1449

grow1487

to commence to, intoa1500

framea1529

to get ground?1529

movec1540

work1566

promove1570

advance1577

devolve1579

to come on1584

progress1612

to gain ground1625

germinate1640

proceed1670

to gather ground1697

march1702

to make its way1711

to come forward1722

develop1744

to turn a wheel1864

shape1865

come1899

1640 D. Lupton Glory of their Times 173 Their errors had bin nipped in the bud, & never germinated to the scandal and annoyance of the Church of God.

1647 H. More Philos. Poems 267 Lust..And..Vengeance..from one seed do germinate.

1761 Brit. Mag. Sept. 495/1 The preceptor will sow the seeds of that taste which will soon germinate, rise, blossom, and produce perfect fruit.

1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1866) 1st Ser. iii. 56 The soul requires room to germinate.

1849 H. Coleridge in Encycl. Metrop. 3 From the first, or initiative Idea, as from a seed, successive Ideas germinate.

1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. i. §5. 18 The sciences..severally germinate out of the experiences of daily life.

1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 282 A wise man acts upon a hint, and it germinates.

1937 Rotarian May 7/2 It was in the mind of Paul Harris and his little group that the idea germinated. In Chicago.

1972 Crisis Dec. 338/1 This college germinated from the fertile vision of 20-year-old Evelyn Wright in 1897.

2005 M. Gaskill Witchfinders 5 Only then did old hatreds thaw out, allowing a plan to germinate and grow.

c. intransitive. Of the earth, a garden, etc.: to give rise to vegetation; to produce new growth. Now rare.figurative in quot. 1660.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > be covered with vegetation [verb (intransitive)] > produce vegetation

germinate1660

ratoon1732

vegetate1799

1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. i. iv. 163 The Church was then a garden of the fairest flowers, it did daily germinate with blessings from Heaven, and Saints sprung up.

1739 L. Jackson Exam. Bk. intituled True Gospel Jesus Christ asserted 268 The Storm arises or is still, the Earth germinates or is barren, the Animals breed or not, are fed or starved.

1878 J. W. Reynolds Supernatural in Nature vi. 118 The earth germinated and brought forth grass, herb yielding seed, and tree-bearing fruit.

2010 T. E. Weimer Thriving After Divorce viii. 150 What are your actions, thoughts, and emotions during the time your garden germinates, shows signs of growth, and finally leaps?

†3. intransitive. Of a salt or other substance: to effloresce; to crystallize, esp. in an arborescent pattern. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [verb (intransitive)] > effloresce

germinate1626

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §696 The Chalcites, which hath a Spirit that will put forth and germinate, as we see in Chymicall Trialls.

1700 C. Leigh Nat. Hist. Lancs. i. iv. 89 Which brings me in the next place to consider the Formation of Ores, whether they germinate, or are the Exuviæ of the Deluge.

1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals 144 Some of this copper-Ore germinates like the Blossoms of Iron.

1774 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 64 482 Which salt also germinates in great abundance in the same colliery.

1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 9 It [sc. Glauber's Salt] also, not unfrequently, germinates from, and adheres to, the walls of recent buildings.

1821 R. Jameson Man. Mineral. 9 In many countries it [sc. nitre] germinates in certain seasons out of the earth.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	germinate
释义	germinatev. Brit. /ˈdʒəːmᵻneɪt/, U.S. /ˈdʒərməˌneɪt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin germināt-, germināre. Etymology: < classical Latin germināt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of germināre to put out shoots, to sprout, bud, (of seeds) to germinate, in post-classical Latin also to grow, flourish, prosper (Vulgate) < germin- , germen germ n. Compare French germiner (first half of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman; compare germer germ v.), Old Occitan germenar , Catalan germinar (13th cent.), Spanish germinar (15th cent.), Portuguese germinar (14th cent.), Italian germinare (14th cent.). Compare earlier germin v. and germ v. 1. a. transitive. To cause to begin to grow, to bring about the growth of; spec. to cause (a seed) to undergo germination. In early use chiefly in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > cause to sprout or grow multiplya1550 germinate1610 shoot?1610 to put up1626 1610 D. Price Creation of Prince sig. Eij In this Paradise is..the tree of goodnesse which is..watered by grace, germinated by godlines, will waxe greene by hope [etc.]. 1624 F. Quarles Iob Militant sig. C^v His Seed did germinate in either Sexe A hopefull issue, whose descent might keepe His righteous Race on foote. 1794 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (ed. 4) II. Pref. p. iv To germinate their ideas into a floral existence, by familiarizing them with the characters, and circumstances of the Republic of Letters, I consider not as a brilliant operation, but an honourable task. 1803 Edwin III. 264 The gentle influence of Spring began to spread the verdant carpet of Nature, and germinate the bursting buds. 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) xii The impassioned eloquence of that lady germinated the seed which the Cardinal had seemed so carelessly to scatter. 1934 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 21 557 Those of one group were dried at once for analysis, and those of each of the others were germinated, dried, and analyzed. 1999 S. Campbell Walled Kitchen Gardens 20 English gardeners began to use hotbeds out of doors, in order to..germinate the seeds of their exotic greenhouse plants. b. transitive. figurative. To cause to develop from an early stage or initial idea; to give rise to. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth doeOE makelOE to bring forthc1175 farrow?c1225 childc1350 fodmec1390 raise1402 spring?1440 upbringc1440 breed1526 procreate1546 hatch1549 generate1556 product1577 deprompt1586 produce1587 spire1590 sprout1598 represent1601 effer1606 depromea1652 germinate1796 output1858 1796 C. Burney Mem. Life Metastasio II. 245 Some new composition flatters my vanity in fulfilling my predictions, and germinating fresh hopes of your future poetical fame. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. iv. i. 229 Several French Departments germinate a set of rebellious paper-leaves, named Proclamations. 1849 R. Cobden Speeches 32 Those boundary questions which, we were assured, were to germinate a war for a quarter of a century. 1892 H. Caine in Times 19 Sept. 4/1 A crowd of people gathered in the Street and germinated alarming rumours. 1939 W. T. Sexton Soldiers in Sun xi. 260 While looking over the captured dispatches, one in particular germinated a plan in Funston's mind for capturing the Insurgent President. 1961 Baseball Digest Jan. 41/2 Sometimes ambition generates enough production to germinate confidence. 2002 U.S. News & World Rep. 14 Jan. 27/1 These so-called offsets can germinate new companies and provide jobs. 2. a. intransitive. Of a seed or spore: to undergo germination (germination n. 1a). In early use also: (of a plant, bud, etc.) to begin to grow; to produce new buds or shoots (now rare). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth spriteOE wrideOE brodc1175 comea1225 spirec1325 chicka1400 sprouta1400 germin?1440 germ1483 chip?a1500 spurgea1500 to put forth1530 shootc1560 spear1570 stock1574 chit1601 breward1609 pullulate1618 ysproutc1620 egerminate1623 put1623 germinate1626 sprent1647 fruticate1657 stalk1666 tiller1677 breerc1700 fork1707 to put out1731 stool1770 sucker1802 stir1843 push1855 braird1865 fibre1869 flush1877 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §646 This Herbe putteth forth another small Herbe out of the Leafe; which is imputed to some Moisture, that is gathered betweene the Prickles, which Putrified by the Sunne, Germinateth. 1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 424 Whether seeds..will germinate and thrive in the exhausted Receiver. a1687 H. More Second Lash of Alazonomastix (1713) App. xi. 196 God caused the Trees to germinate out of the Earth. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 157 There is in one single Grain of Corn, that has throughly germinated, wherewith to feed the five Thousand Men. 1765 tr. in Foreign Ess. Agric. & Arts 45 I seized this opportunity of sowing in the rills of my bed, the seed together with the earth, in which it had germinated. 1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 67 When the Agriculturist wishes his seeds to germinate, he should not bury them very deep. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxii. 572 A kind of cloth woven of hair was used for drying the malt after it had been made to germinate. 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 138 The persistent buds of many trees (Aesculus), bulbs (Tulip), and corms (Crocus, &c.), formed in the summer and germinating in the spring after long rest in winter. 1923 Ecology 4 61 Douglas fir germinates as promptly as yellow pine and shows almost equal root vigor. 1928 F. S. Earle Sugar Cane & its Culture 60 The leaf sheaths adhere more closely than in the true Uba, and the buds germinate subdorsally, not apically. 1969 D. F. Costello Prairie World iv. 60 When the seed does germinate its first effort is to put down a primary or seminal root, using energy from its stored food. 2007 Independent 26 Apr. 22/5 At the Millennium Seed Bank thousands of seeds are banked for every species collected and each set is tested to make sure the seeds will germinate. b. intransitive. figurative and in figurative contexts. To develop from an early stage or initial idea. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > progress or advance in an action [verb (intransitive)] > make progress or advance (of action or operation) fremec1000 furtherc1200 profit1340 to go onc1449 grow1487 to commence to, intoa1500 framea1529 to get ground?1529 movec1540 work1566 promove1570 advance1577 devolve1579 to come on1584 progress1612 to gain ground1625 germinate1640 proceed1670 to gather ground1697 march1702 to make its way1711 to come forward1722 develop1744 to turn a wheel1864 shape1865 come1899 1640 D. Lupton Glory of their Times 173 Their errors had bin nipped in the bud, & never germinated to the scandal and annoyance of the Church of God. 1647 H. More Philos. Poems 267 Lust..And..Vengeance..from one seed do germinate. 1761 Brit. Mag. Sept. 495/1 The preceptor will sow the seeds of that taste which will soon germinate, rise, blossom, and produce perfect fruit. 1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1866) 1st Ser. iii. 56 The soul requires room to germinate. 1849 H. Coleridge in Encycl. Metrop. 3 From the first, or initiative Idea, as from a seed, successive Ideas germinate. 1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. i. §5. 18 The sciences..severally germinate out of the experiences of daily life. 1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 282 A wise man acts upon a hint, and it germinates. 1937 Rotarian May 7/2 It was in the mind of Paul Harris and his little group that the idea germinated. In Chicago. 1972 Crisis Dec. 338/1 This college germinated from the fertile vision of 20-year-old Evelyn Wright in 1897. 2005 M. Gaskill Witchfinders 5 Only then did old hatreds thaw out, allowing a plan to germinate and grow. c. intransitive. Of the earth, a garden, etc.: to give rise to vegetation; to produce new growth. Now rare.figurative in quot. 1660. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > be covered with vegetation [verb (intransitive)] > produce vegetation germinate1660 ratoon1732 vegetate1799 1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. i. iv. 163 The Church was then a garden of the fairest flowers, it did daily germinate with blessings from Heaven, and Saints sprung up. 1739 L. Jackson Exam. Bk. intituled True Gospel Jesus Christ asserted 268 The Storm arises or is still, the Earth germinates or is barren, the Animals breed or not, are fed or starved. 1878 J. W. Reynolds Supernatural in Nature vi. 118 The earth germinated and brought forth grass, herb yielding seed, and tree-bearing fruit. 2010 T. E. Weimer Thriving After Divorce viii. 150 What are your actions, thoughts, and emotions during the time your garden germinates, shows signs of growth, and finally leaps? †3. intransitive. Of a salt or other substance: to effloresce; to crystallize, esp. in an arborescent pattern. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [verb (intransitive)] > effloresce germinate1626 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §696 The Chalcites, which hath a Spirit that will put forth and germinate, as we see in Chymicall Trialls. 1700 C. Leigh Nat. Hist. Lancs. i. iv. 89 Which brings me in the next place to consider the Formation of Ores, whether they germinate, or are the Exuviæ of the Deluge. 1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals 144 Some of this copper-Ore germinates like the Blossoms of Iron. 1774 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 64 482 Which salt also germinates in great abundance in the same colliery. 1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 9 It [sc. Glauber's Salt] also, not unfrequently, germinates from, and adheres to, the walls of recent buildings. 1821 R. Jameson Man. Mineral. 9 In many countries it [sc. nitre] germinates in certain seasons out of the earth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1610
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