ghillien.

Brit.

/ˈɡɪli/, U.S.

/ˈɡɪli/

Forms: 1600s gilli- (in compounds), 1600s– gillie, 1700s gaelly, 1700s gili- (in compounds), 1700s–1800s gilly, 1800s gillya, 1800s– ghillie.

Origin: A borrowing from Scottish Gaelic. Etymon: Scottish Gaelic gille.

Etymology: < Scottish Gaelic gille young man, servant, cognate with Irish giolla (Early Irish gilla, gildae), of uncertain origin, apparently a loanword.Further etymology. It has been suggested that the word was borrowed (via Latin) from one of a group of related Old English, early Scandinavian, and Anglo-Norman words relating to guilds and other organized groups of people (see the discussion at gilden n.). An alternative suggestion also assumes that the word is a borrowing from early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic gildr of full size: see gild adj.). However, the Early Irish word apparently predates the typical periods of influence from these languages. Forms and pronunciation. The final /li/ in English probably originally reflects the palatalized pronunciation of the ll in the Scottish Gaelic word; in later use, it may sometimes have been associated with -y suffix⁶. The initial gh- in the form ghillie is probably intended to mark the pronunciation as /ɡ/ rather than /dʒ/; it may also sometimes have been influenced by the orthography of inflected forms (such as the vocative) with initial mutation in Scottish Gaelic. Earlier parallel. Compare the following earlier example of the Scottish Gaelic word, apparently as part of a longer phrase (probably cait a bheil an gille? where is the lad?), in an English context, using Older Scots spelling conventions:c1568 A. Montgomerie Poems (Bannatyne) (2000) I. 280 Fyndlay m^cconnoquhy..Cativilie geilȝie with þe poik braik.

Originally Scottish.

†1. A lad, a youth. Chiefly Scottish. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > young person > youth or young man > [noun]

frumberdlingc1000

young manOE

childc1225

hind1297

pagec1300

youtha1325

fawnc1369

swainc1386

stripling1398

boy1440

springaldc1450

jovencel1490

younkera1522

speara1529

gorrel1530

lad1535

hobbledehoy1540

cockerel1547

waga1556

spring1559

loonc1560

hensure1568

youngster1577

imp1578

pigsney1581

cocklinga1586

demy1589

muchacho1591

shaver1592

snipper-snappera1593

callant1597

spaught1598

stubble boy1598

ghillie1603

codling1612

cuba1616

skippera1616

man-boy1637

sprig1646

callow1651

halflang1660

stubbed boy1683

gossoon1684

gilpie1718

stirraha1722

young lion1792

halfling1794

pubescent1795

young man1810

sixteener1824

señorito1843

tad1845

boysie1846

shaveling1854

ephebe1880

boychick1921

lightie1946

young blood1967

studmuffin1986

1603 Philotus xcvii. sig. D3 Sho is a gillie, Scho is a Colt-foill, not a fillie.

1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize I. vi. 70 She hit the gilly a bilf on the back, saying it was a ne'er-do-weel trade he had ta'en up.

1843 J. Ballantine Gaberlunzie's Wallet v. 130 But what did the gillie do here the last simmer? He ran aff wi' Maggy, the young glaikit limmer!

a1897 T. E. Brown Coll. Poems (1900) ii. 234 You'll jump it, will ye! Jumpin! jumpin is it, my gillya?

2. An attendant on a Highland chief. Also (more generally): a Highlander. Now historical.Recorded earliest in gilliewetfoot n.In later use sometimes merging into sense 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > retainer or follower > [noun] > of Highland chief

ghillie1681

gilliewetfoot1681

gillie-casfluich1754

1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem 83 Like Gilliwetfoots purging States By papers thrown in Pocks or Hats.

1705 in J. Maidment Analecta Scotica (1837) II. 22 There is a foolish fancy..that forsooth, our countrymen had stabbed the Prince [of Donawert] under the left pape. What design our gillies have by forging such ridiculous untruths I know not.

1754 E. Burt Lett. N. Scotl. II. xxi. 158 It is very disagreeable to an Englishman over a Bottle, with the Highlanders, to see every one of them have his Gilly; that is, his Servant standing behind him all the while, let what will be the Subject of Conversation.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 28 We were attended by a..number of Gaellys, or ragged Highlanders.

1814 W. Scott Waverley I. xix. 289 From the jargon, therefore, of the Highland gillies, I pass to the character of their Chief.

1860 Birmingham Daily Post 17 Jan. 2/5 A Highland laird, his friends and ‘gillies’, returning from a ‘tod’ hunt, that being the name given to a fox in the far north.

1937 C. Beaton Diary Sept. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) vii. 60 The Queen ducked under huge ghillies' arms in the various complications of the reels.

1998 J. Murray Art of Whisky 24/2 This poster from 1902, despite its apparent laird, ghillie and piper cliché, offers an not entirely unrealistic look at social life in the Highlands.

2002 A. N. Wilson Victorians (2003) xxxv. 504 John Brown, the Highland ghillie, certainly enjoyed an intimacy with his royal employer which gave rise to gossip.

3. A person who attends someone on a fishing or hunting expedition, esp. in the Scottish Highlands.Originally a development of sense 2, used of an outdoor servant or gamekeeper performing some of the traditional duties of a ghillie; now typically denoting a person who (alongside other duties) attends and advises clients who are visiting a Highland estate for recreational fishing or hunting.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > [noun] > attendant at hunt

pricker1575

yeoman pricker1586

shikari1827

ghillie1832

1832 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 205 Loading the backs of our gillies with full game-bags.

1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich iii. 127 They had run, and beaten the gillies of Rannoch.

1884 Marquis of Lorne in Pall Mall Gaz. 10 May 2/1 The moral life of a ghillie in a deer forest is a most virtuous one.

1899 J. Milne Romance of Pro-Consul xiv. 149 He would..shoulder his rifle, and start off, with a couple of bush-boys for gillies.

1935 Times 13 Apr. 8/4 I..hooked a fish. As I was reeling it in, the ghillie remarked that I had lost the dropper on the previous fish.

1987 Christie's (N.Y.) Sale Catal.: Charity Sale for Sportsmen 4 June 14 Three days' dryfly fishing on the River Test, England's finest trout river, with a gillie.

2004 Independent 21 Oct. (Review section) 4/5 I returned to the shoulder bag when I discovered..a canvas version derived from the trout bags favoured by ghillies and other outdoor types.

4. A type of shoe, esp. one with no tongue and criss-cross laces tied round the ankles, chiefly forming part of Scottish traditional dress but also worn more widely.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > with laces

tie1826

Oxford1843

Oxford shoe1843

pampootie1846

low quarter1878

brogue shoe1906

ghillie1932

1932 Montana Standard 31 Jan. (Mag.) (advt.) The gloves and ghillies are of white antelope.

1950 H. McCloy Through Glass Darkly (1951) vi. 57 And brown shoes. The sort with no tongues and criss-cross laces that they call ‘gillies’.

1996 L. O'Keefe Shoes v. 288 The unusual scallop-edged loops of the ghillie, a design of Scottish origin, allow the wearer to customize the shoe's width by tightening or loosening the laces.

2014 J. S. Hamilton O Highlander viii. 42 His sporran (purse) that hung from chains at his waist was grey wolf fur..and his shoes were brogues called ‘ghillies’ that laced up.

Compounds

ghillie suit n. a camouflage suit originally developed for military snipers, covered in irregular pieces of material to resemble thick foliage, long grass, etc., and disguise the outline of the human figure; cf. camouflage suit at camouflage n. Compounds 1b.Such a suit is purported to have first been worn in the Lovat Scouts, a Highland regiment formed in 1900 to fight in the South African War, composed chiefly of ghillies adept in stalking, shooting, etc., in wild terrain (see senses 2 and 3).

ΚΠ

1980 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) 13 Nov. 14/4 The burlap ‘ghillie suit’ worn by today's snipers for field camouflage first was used by Scottish gamekeepers hundreds of years ago.

1998 T. Clancy Rainbow Six vii. 155 She stared right at Johnston, but the ghillie suit just looked like a clump of something, grass, leaves, or dirt, she couldn't tell.

2016 L. Slater Marine Force Recon x. 23 Ready-made ghillie suits are available but many snipers choose to make their own.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ghillie
释义	ghillien. Brit. /ˈɡɪli/, U.S. /ˈɡɪli/ Forms: 1600s gilli- (in compounds), 1600s– gillie, 1700s gaelly, 1700s gili- (in compounds), 1700s–1800s gilly, 1800s gillya, 1800s– ghillie. Origin: A borrowing from Scottish Gaelic. Etymon: Scottish Gaelic gille. Etymology: < Scottish Gaelic gille young man, servant, cognate with Irish giolla (Early Irish gilla, gildae), of uncertain origin, apparently a loanword.Further etymology. It has been suggested that the word was borrowed (via Latin) from one of a group of related Old English, early Scandinavian, and Anglo-Norman words relating to guilds and other organized groups of people (see the discussion at gilden n.). An alternative suggestion also assumes that the word is a borrowing from early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic gildr of full size: see gild adj.). However, the Early Irish word apparently predates the typical periods of influence from these languages. Forms and pronunciation. The final /li/ in English probably originally reflects the palatalized pronunciation of the ll in the Scottish Gaelic word; in later use, it may sometimes have been associated with -y suffix⁶. The initial gh- in the form ghillie is probably intended to mark the pronunciation as /ɡ/ rather than /dʒ/; it may also sometimes have been influenced by the orthography of inflected forms (such as the vocative) with initial mutation in Scottish Gaelic. Earlier parallel. Compare the following earlier example of the Scottish Gaelic word, apparently as part of a longer phrase (probably cait a bheil an gille? where is the lad?), in an English context, using Older Scots spelling conventions:c1568 A. Montgomerie Poems (Bannatyne) (2000) I. 280 Fyndlay m^cconnoquhy..Cativilie geilȝie with þe poik braik. Originally Scottish. †1. A lad, a youth. Chiefly Scottish. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > young person > youth or young man > [noun] frumberdlingc1000 young manOE childc1225 hind1297 pagec1300 youtha1325 fawnc1369 swainc1386 stripling1398 boy1440 springaldc1450 jovencel1490 younkera1522 speara1529 gorrel1530 lad1535 hobbledehoy1540 cockerel1547 waga1556 spring1559 loonc1560 hensure1568 youngster1577 imp1578 pigsney1581 cocklinga1586 demy1589 muchacho1591 shaver1592 snipper-snappera1593 callant1597 spaught1598 stubble boy1598 ghillie1603 codling1612 cuba1616 skippera1616 man-boy1637 sprig1646 callow1651 halflang1660 stubbed boy1683 gossoon1684 gilpie1718 stirraha1722 young lion1792 halfling1794 pubescent1795 young man1810 sixteener1824 señorito1843 tad1845 boysie1846 shaveling1854 ephebe1880 boychick1921 lightie1946 young blood1967 studmuffin1986 1603 Philotus xcvii. sig. D3 Sho is a gillie, Scho is a Colt-foill, not a fillie. 1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize I. vi. 70 She hit the gilly a bilf on the back, saying it was a ne'er-do-weel trade he had ta'en up. 1843 J. Ballantine Gaberlunzie's Wallet v. 130 But what did the gillie do here the last simmer? He ran aff wi' Maggy, the young glaikit limmer! a1897 T. E. Brown Coll. Poems (1900) ii. 234 You'll jump it, will ye! Jumpin! jumpin is it, my gillya? 2. An attendant on a Highland chief. Also (more generally): a Highlander. Now historical.Recorded earliest in gilliewetfoot n.In later use sometimes merging into sense 3. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > retainer or follower > [noun] > of Highland chief ghillie1681 gilliewetfoot1681 gillie-casfluich1754 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem 83 Like Gilliwetfoots purging States By papers thrown in Pocks or Hats. 1705 in J. Maidment Analecta Scotica (1837) II. 22 There is a foolish fancy..that forsooth, our countrymen had stabbed the Prince [of Donawert] under the left pape. What design our gillies have by forging such ridiculous untruths I know not. 1754 E. Burt Lett. N. Scotl. II. xxi. 158 It is very disagreeable to an Englishman over a Bottle, with the Highlanders, to see every one of them have his Gilly; that is, his Servant standing behind him all the while, let what will be the Subject of Conversation. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 28 We were attended by a..number of Gaellys, or ragged Highlanders. 1814 W. Scott Waverley I. xix. 289 From the jargon, therefore, of the Highland gillies, I pass to the character of their Chief. View more context for this quotation 1860 Birmingham Daily Post 17 Jan. 2/5 A Highland laird, his friends and ‘gillies’, returning from a ‘tod’ hunt, that being the name given to a fox in the far north. 1937 C. Beaton Diary Sept. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) vii. 60 The Queen ducked under huge ghillies' arms in the various complications of the reels. 1998 J. Murray Art of Whisky 24/2 This poster from 1902, despite its apparent laird, ghillie and piper cliché, offers an not entirely unrealistic look at social life in the Highlands. 2002 A. N. Wilson Victorians (2003) xxxv. 504 John Brown, the Highland ghillie, certainly enjoyed an intimacy with his royal employer which gave rise to gossip. 3. A person who attends someone on a fishing or hunting expedition, esp. in the Scottish Highlands.Originally a development of sense 2, used of an outdoor servant or gamekeeper performing some of the traditional duties of a ghillie; now typically denoting a person who (alongside other duties) attends and advises clients who are visiting a Highland estate for recreational fishing or hunting. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > [noun] > attendant at hunt pricker1575 yeoman pricker1586 shikari1827 ghillie1832 1832 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 205 Loading the backs of our gillies with full game-bags. 1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich iii. 127 They had run, and beaten the gillies of Rannoch. 1884 Marquis of Lorne in Pall Mall Gaz. 10 May 2/1 The moral life of a ghillie in a deer forest is a most virtuous one. 1899 J. Milne Romance of Pro-Consul xiv. 149 He would..shoulder his rifle, and start off, with a couple of bush-boys for gillies. 1935 Times 13 Apr. 8/4 I..hooked a fish. As I was reeling it in, the ghillie remarked that I had lost the dropper on the previous fish. 1987 Christie's (N.Y.) Sale Catal.: Charity Sale for Sportsmen 4 June 14 Three days' dryfly fishing on the River Test, England's finest trout river, with a gillie. 2004 Independent 21 Oct. (Review section) 4/5 I returned to the shoulder bag when I discovered..a canvas version derived from the trout bags favoured by ghillies and other outdoor types. 4. A type of shoe, esp. one with no tongue and criss-cross laces tied round the ankles, chiefly forming part of Scottish traditional dress but also worn more widely. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > with laces tie1826 Oxford1843 Oxford shoe1843 pampootie1846 low quarter1878 brogue shoe1906 ghillie1932 1932 Montana Standard 31 Jan. (Mag.) (advt.) The gloves and ghillies are of white antelope. 1950 H. McCloy Through Glass Darkly (1951) vi. 57 And brown shoes. The sort with no tongues and criss-cross laces that they call ‘gillies’. 1996 L. O'Keefe Shoes v. 288 The unusual scallop-edged loops of the ghillie, a design of Scottish origin, allow the wearer to customize the shoe's width by tightening or loosening the laces. 2014 J. S. Hamilton O Highlander viii. 42 His sporran (purse) that hung from chains at his waist was grey wolf fur..and his shoes were brogues called ‘ghillies’ that laced up. Compounds ghillie suit n. a camouflage suit originally developed for military snipers, covered in irregular pieces of material to resemble thick foliage, long grass, etc., and disguise the outline of the human figure; cf. camouflage suit at camouflage n. Compounds 1b.Such a suit is purported to have first been worn in the Lovat Scouts, a Highland regiment formed in 1900 to fight in the South African War, composed chiefly of ghillies adept in stalking, shooting, etc., in wild terrain (see senses 2 and 3). ΚΠ 1980 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) 13 Nov. 14/4 The burlap ‘ghillie suit’ worn by today's snipers for field camouflage first was used by Scottish gamekeepers hundreds of years ago. 1998 T. Clancy Rainbow Six vii. 155 She stared right at Johnston, but the ghillie suit just looked like a clump of something, grass, leaves, or dirt, she couldn't tell. 2016 L. Slater Marine Force Recon x. 23 Ready-made ghillie suits are available but many snipers choose to make their own. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ghilliev. Brit. /ˈɡɪli/, U.S. /ˈɡɪli/ Inflections: Present participle ghillieing, ghillying; past tense and past participle ghillied; Forms: see ghillie n.; also 1900s– ghilling (present participle, rare). Etymology: < ghillie n. Compare earlier ghillieing n. intransitive. To act as a ghillie (ghillie n. 3), chiefly on a fishing expedition. Also occasionally transitive: to act as a ghillie for. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > hunt [verb (intransitive)] > act as attendant ghillie1886 1886 Fishing Gaz. 14 Aug. 93/1 We tried Loch Assynt, trolled and fished with fly, but had little luck... Angus Macleod gillied us. 1900 E. H. Strain Elmslie's Drag-net 62 I used to gillie to Maister Laurie. 1926 Chambers's Jrnl. Mar. 153/1 Archie usually gillied for me. 1978 G. Mackenzie Mem. Ghillie iv. 60 That afternoon I ghillied for one of the ladies, an American, on the upper water. 2000 Orcadian 1 June 15 There's a disabled guy who actually ghillies in one of these boats. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1603v.1886
随便看	overrepletion overreport overreported overreporting overreports overrepresent overrepresentation overrepresentations overrepresented overrepresenting overrepresents overrer overreserved overresolute overresourced overrest overrestore overrestrained overretched overrev overrevving overreward overrich overriches overrichness

ghillien.

Compounds

ghilliev.